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專升本英語考試題型試卷題型及分值分布表V語法考點復習時態與語態一般現在時:考點一:表達永恒的真理,即使出現在過去的語境中,仍用一般現在時,如:IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考點二:在時間和條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現在時代替代替一般將來時;常用的引導詞有:until/when/before/assoonas/themoment/if/unlessIwillnotattendtheconferenceifitrainstomorrow.Hewon’tknowthetruthunlessyoutellhim.現在完畢時表達動作發生在過去,完畢在過去,但強調與現在情況仍有聯系,其結果或者影響仍然存在。有標志性的時間狀語;Hehasopenedthedoor.Ihaveboughtacomputer.考點一:for+時間段;since+時間,主句用現在完畢時TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.考點二:常見的不擬定的時間狀語:Lately,recently,already,yet,sofar,uptillnowHasitstoppedrainingyet?考點三:表達”第幾次做某事“或者”itis(最高級)thebest(worst,mostinteresting),主句用一般現在時,從句用現在完畢時。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.過去完畢時表達過去某個時間之前已經完畢的動作,即發生在過去的過去。Therehadbeen25parksinthecityuptill2023.考點一:用于hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when;nosooner…than句型中,主句用過去完畢時,從句用一般過去時Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.考點二:表達第幾次做某事/最高級,主句用過去式,從句用過去完畢時。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.考點三:用于by+過去時間段Shehadlearnt3differentlanguagesbytheendof2023.將來完畢時(willhavedone)表將來某時刻之前已完畢的事情,時間狀語非常明顯。考點一:by+將來時間段BynextFriday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexam.一般過去時表過去某個特定期間發生且完畢的動作,或過去習慣性動作,不強調對現在的影響。考點一:usedtodo過去經常做某事Heusedtosmokealot.進行時態考點一:表達某個具體時間點在干什么,經常有具體的時間詞,如at10o’clock,atthatmoment等。Hewasdoinghomeworkat9o’clockyesterdayevening.考點二:趨向性動詞常用現在進行時表將來,如:go,come,leave,start等Iamcoming.(立即來了)HeisleavingChongqingonFriday.(他星期五離開重慶)HeisleavingforChongqingonFriday.(他星期五要來重慶)感官動詞考點:表達感知的動詞:hear,feel,notice,recognize,taste,smell,look,sound,taste,appear,感官動詞做系動詞時翻譯成…起來Heislookingatthesun.(實意動詞)Helooksyoungerthanhisjuniorbrother.(系動詞)考點一:做系動詞時不能用于被動語態e.g.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.Thesilkfeelssoft.考點二:做系動詞時不能用于進行時態考點三:做系動詞時后面接形容詞,不接副詞Soundsgood.Thecaketastesgood.語法專項練習一.時態與語態1.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests______whenhe______attheparty.A.hadleft,arrived B.left,hadarrivedC.hadleft,hadarrived?D.left,arrived2.Mary______letteratnineyesterdayevening.A.typedB.wastypingC.hastypedD.istyping3.Thework______bythetimeyougethere.A.willhavebeendone?B.isdoneC.hadbeendone?D.wouldhavedone4.It______foraweekandthestreetswereflooded.A.hasrained B.wasrainedC.hadbeenraining?D.shouldhaverained5.Sorry,butwecannotgotoSanDiego.Ourcousins____toseeusnextSunday.A.come?B.arecomingC.havecome?D.came6.She_______anumberofbooksbytheendoflastyear.A.hadwrittenB.haswrittenC.havewrittenD.hadbeenwritten7.I________heresinceIcametoBeijing.A.hadlivedB.havelivedC.islivingD.willlive8.Bytheendofnextyear,thebuilding_________.A.willcompletedB.willhavebeencompletedC.hascompletedD.iscompleting9.He________smokealot,nowheisanon-smoker.A.usedtoB.isusedtoC.wasusedtoD.usedby10.Hardly________theroomwhenit______torain.A.hadentered,wasrainingB.entered,hadrainedC.hadentered,rainedD.entered,wasraining二:非謂語.動詞1.謂語動詞2.非謂語動詞謂語動詞1.行為動詞/實意動詞:eat,sleep.clean.Stay(可以單獨做謂語,用副詞修飾)2.聯系動詞:be,get,become(不能單獨做謂語,其后成分稱為表語)3.情態動詞:can,could,will(不能單獨做謂語,后接動詞原型)4.助動詞:do/have的各種形式,幫助完畢時態與語氣的動詞,不能單獨做謂語。Havebeenhere/Idolikeyou.非謂語動詞:1.不定式:todo(除了不能做謂語,其他成分都能做)2.分詞:現在分詞:Ving(表積極與進行),過去分詞:(表被動與狀態)3.動名詞:Ving※英語一句話只能有一個主謂結構假如出現更多動詞:加連詞(and/but/so…)放入從句變為非謂語動詞1)GracefinishedherdinneratWulong2)attendedthelocaldancingparty.一.加入連詞GracehadfinisheddinneratWulong,andsheattendedthelocaldancingpartylater.二.放入從句Themoment/whenGracehadfinisheddinneratWulong,sheattendedthelocaldancingpartylater.三.變為非謂語動詞Gracefinishedherdinnerquicklytoattendthelocaldancingparty.不定式考點:Itis+adj+forsbtodosth/Itis+adj+ofsbtodosthe.g.Itisdifficultforhimtofinishthetask.Itisverykindofyoutosayso.Ittakessbsometimetodosth花費某人多少時間做某事Ittakesmethreedaystorepairthemachine.so+adj/adv+asto….如此,以至于e.g.Thehouseissohighastoresembleatower.4.onlyto居然(表出乎意料的轉折)Hestudiedhardonlytofailtheexam.5.but(except)后帶不帶to?若句子的謂語動詞是“do”的各種形式,則不帶toLastnight,IdidnothingbutwatchTV.若句子的謂語動詞不是“do”的各種形式,則帶toThedoctortoldhimnothingbuttostopsmoking.6.一聽:listento,hear二看:watch,see,lookat三使:let,make,have四注意:notice五感覺:feel以上動詞接動詞原形,但若用語被動語態,則應接帶to的不定式。Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork.動名詞考點:Itisnogood/use/point/agreatfun+ving:做某事無好處/用處/意義/樂趣做某事Itisnogoodhelpinghim.Itisagreatfungettingtoknowyourguys.Thereisno+doingsth不也許做某事Thereisnotdenyingthatsuccessfulbusinessliesinahealthybodyandmind.Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo?3.havedifficulty(trouble,fun,agoodtime)+(in)doingsth做某事難(麻煩,好玩)4.go+doing戶外活動Gofishing,goswimming,goshoppingbebusy(in)doingsth忙于做某事spend/wastetime(in)doingsth/onsthcan’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事Iamsorry,Ican’thelpoverhearing…beworthdoingsth值得做某事(積極表被動)Thebookisworthreading.8.LiMingissaid______abroad.DoyouknowwhatcountryA.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying分詞考點:分詞做狀語:主從句主語一致省略從句連詞與主語從句分詞形式取決于與主語的關系,積極用現在分詞,被動用過去分詞(從)Whenthestudentssawtheteacherenteringclassroom,(主)thestudentsstoodup.Seeingtheteacherenteringclassroom,thestudentsstoodup.獨立主格:獨立主格結構有三種類型:1.邏輯主語+非謂語動詞(不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞)2.邏輯主語+(being)+表語(名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語)3.with/without+復合賓語(不定式,分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語)非謂語練習.1.____anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.NotknownB.KnowingnotC.KnownnotD.Notknowing2._______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven3.____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding4._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged5._____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintotheinternationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given6._____inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited7.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_____losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto8.______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept9.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere__foraspaceflight.A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained10.Theoldprofessorsaidtouseverypartofthematerialsshouldbemadeuseof______thepowerstation.A.tobuildB.buildingC.buildD.built11.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation_____informationinamoreeffectiveway.A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent12.______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherewasB.TherebeingC.BecausetherebeingD.Therewere13.____,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting14._____,weallwenthomehappily.A.GoodbyewassaidB.GoodbyehadbeensaidC.GoodbyesaidD.Whengoodbyesaid15._____,weallwentswimminginhighspirits.A.ItbeingfineweatherB.ItfineweatherC.ItwasfineweatherD.Itbeingafineweather情態動詞考點:Can,couldMay,mightMust/havetoNeedDareWill/wouldShall/should/oughtto考點一:Must的否認回答在回答must引起的問句時,假如是否認的答復,可用don’thaveto或needn’t(不必),但不能用HYPERLINK""mustn’t(一定不,必須不,不允許,不得)。如:—MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我必須立即打掃餐廳嗎?—Yes,youmust.是的,你必須立即打掃。—No,youdon’thaveto(=needn’t).不必啦。YouHYPERLINK""mustn’t

smokeintheoffice.你不得在辦公室抽煙。考點二:must表肯定猜測:Must表達推測時,只能用于肯定句中mustdo對一般時的肯定推測mustbedoing對現在的動作進行肯定推測musthavedone對過去發生的事情作出的肯定判斷Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.考點三:can’t/could’t表否認推測考點四:needdoingsth=needtobedoneTheflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.Thehouseneedspainting.=Thehouseneedstobepainted.延伸:want,requestdoingsth=want/requesttobedone考點五:need/dare既可做實意動詞,也可做情態動詞。實意動詞用在肯定句中(need/daretodosth),情態動詞用在否認和疑問句中(need/daredosth)。Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.Heneedstogotherehimself.三.情態動詞1.---Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might2.You______behungryalready,youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t3.—I’msorry.I_________atyoutheotherday.—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshoutD.mustn’thaveshouted4.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged5.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It________acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen6.Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday,sowe—gotoworktomorrow.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t7.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning,______lastnight.A.itmusthaverainedB.itmustrainC.itmustberainingD.itmusthavebeenrained8.Asteachersweshouldconcernourselveswithwhatissaid,notwhatwethink______.A.oughttobesaidB.mustsayC.havetobesaidD.needtosay9.You______allthosecalculations.Wehaveacomputertodothatsortofthing.A.mustnothavedoneB.shouldnothaveC.cannothavedone D.needn’thavedone10.Withallthisworkonhand,he______tothecinemalastnight.A.mustn’tgo?B.wouldn’tgoC.oughtn’tgoD.shouldn’thavegone11.“IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.”?“You_______her,sheisstillinhospital.”A.mustn’thaveseen B.couldnotseeC.can’thaveseen? D.mustnotsee虛擬語氣If型Should+動詞原形類似if型一.If型(主從句在現有時態基礎上向前退一個時態)※if條件句的虛擬條件從句主句與現在事實相反If+主語+wereIf+主語+Ved主語+Should/would/could+動詞原形與過去事實相反If+主語+haddone主語+Should/would/could+havedonesth與將來事實相反If+主語+vedIf+主語+shouldIf+主語+wereto主語+Should/would/could+動詞原形Ifitrainstomorrow,itwillbefine.BetodosthIfJohnwereherenow,hewouldexplainit.Ifyouhadaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetoldyou.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,.Iwouldstayathome※If條件句中有were,had,could,should等,可省略if,將were,had,could,should提到句首,變為倒裝。hadyouaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetoldyou.Hadyouaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetoldyou.IfJohnwereherenow,hewouldexplainit.WereJohnherenow,hewouldexplainit.二.Should+動詞原形1..其后的賓語從句及以其同根名詞(suggestion,advice,proposal,requiremen)引導的主語,表語,同位語從句中用(should)+動詞原形。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.※區分suggest

+(that

)+主語+(should)

do+sthSuggestdoingsthHesuggestedgoingoutforawalk.HesuggestedthatIshouldgooutforawalk.※insist/suggest各有兩種意思,要用不同的語氣Insist表達“堅決規定”時,用虛擬形式Insist表達“堅持認為,堅持說”時,用陳述語氣,表達事實。Suggest表達“建議”時,用虛擬形式。Suggest表達“表白、暗示”時,用陳述語氣。e.g.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.Iinsistedheshouldreturn____(return)thebook.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,)that....類似用法的詞有:necessary,strange,natural,desired,apity,ashame,nowonder…e.g.It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalk三.類似if型Wish/asif/asthough/ifonly/wouldratherthat…e.g.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.Hetreatedthelittlegirlasifshehadbeenheowndaughter.IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday!e.g.It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.介詞短語引導的虛擬語氣e.g.Ifyouhadnothelpedus,wewouldn’thavemade....Butforyourhelp,we___________(make)suchrapidprogress.Withoutair,there__wouldbe________(be)nolivingthings.Thankstothebraveyoungman,otherwise,theboy______________(die).wouldhavedied四.虛擬語氣1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.?A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie

2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.

A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad

3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.?A.drove;didn’tget

B.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot

4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge?A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedthepersonreferredto______putintoprison

A.wasB.beC.willbeD.wouldbe?6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____?A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken?7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim?A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is?8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday?---Iwouldrathershe____metomorrowthantoday?A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold

9.---Wouldyouhavecalledherup??---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomework?A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe?10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet?A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin

11.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily?A.Haditnotbeenfor

B.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

12.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoing

A.hadbeen,wouldhaveprevented

B.hadbeen,wouldprevent

C.were,prevent

D.were,wouldhaveprevented?13.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam

A.Ifheweretowork

B.Hadheworked

C.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork?14.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterday

A.werenot,couldhaveclimb

B.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbed

D.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb?15.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttoday

A.is

B.willbeC.wouldhavebeen

D.wouldbe?從句常見考點:(定從,狀從,名從(主語從句、賓語從句,表語從句))定語從句考點:用關系代詞還是關系副詞

關系代詞

who

主、賓、表

whom

which

主、賓、表

that

人和物

主、賓、表

as

主、賓關系形容詞

Whose=

of

whom/ofwhich

人和物的

定語Whose與ofwhich/whom的區別ofwhich/whom時應在名詞前加上定冠詞the或其他限定詞,也就是說假如名詞前有限定詞就只能用ofwhich/whom。假如名詞前沒有限定詞,就用whose。關系副詞

When=at/in/on/during…which

Where=at/in/to…which

Why=for

which

注意:關系詞所做的成分關鍵是由從句中的動詞來決定

2023.22This

is

the

place

where

we

work.(vi).Thisistheplace.Weworkintheplace.This

is

the

place

which

we

visited.(vt)

關系代詞和關系副詞的特殊情況1.指物時只用

that,不用which

的情況:

1)

當先行詞為

all,

much,

little,

few,

none,

something,

anything,

everything,

nothing

等不定代詞時。

2)先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級或the

last,

the

only

,the

very等表強調的詞等修飾。

3).在疑問詞

who,

what,

which

開頭的句子中。(避免歧意)

Who

is

the

girl

that

is

talking

with

Mr.Brown?4).

當先行詞既指人又指物時。

We

are

talking

about

the

people

and

countries

that

we

have

visited.

2.

只能用

which

不能用

that

的情況。

1).

引導非限定性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子。

e.g.Bruce

went

towards

the

fire,

which

was

still

smoking.

Tom

came

back

late,

which

made

his

parents

very

angry.

2).在介詞后面:介詞+which

(先行詞是物)

The

world

in

which

we

live

is

made

of

matter.

注意:若介詞在從句中而沒有直接在關系詞后,可以用which

或that.

例如:

The

world

that

we

live

in

is

made

of

matter.

(三)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不能用that引導,一般用引導詞which/as/who,非限制性定語從句既可以修飾主句的部分內容,也可修飾主句的所有內容。狀語從句考點:(一)條件狀語從句

引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有if

,unless

,as/so

long

as,

considering

that,supposing

that,

provided

that(假如,在…的條件下),

on

condition

that(只要,在…的條件下)

等等。(二)時間狀語從句屬連詞:when,as,while,before,after,since,till/until,as

soon

as,once,……等。用于It

be

+時間段

before

:在……之后才……

e.g.

It

willl

be

five

years

before

come

back

.

常于情態動詞

can

/

could

連用

:

還沒來得及……就……

e.g.

Before

I

could

say

a

word

,

she

had

rushed

out

of

the

room

名詞短語(連詞功能):next

time,

every

time,

the

moment,

the

minute等。

E.g.EveryminuteIseeher,itremindsmeofmymoher.(三)讓步狀語從句

引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有:though/although(盡管),even

if/even

though(即使),no

matter

how(what,when,which,who,where),however(whatever,whenever,whichever,whoever,wherever)(無論??),as(盡管),while(雖然,盡管)等。As表盡管放在句首時,將從句中的賓語或表語提前,假如有冠詞,省略冠詞。Youngasheis,hehasalotofexperience.Childasheis,hehasalotofexperience.(四)結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句的連詞有:so

that,so…that?,such…that?.結果狀語放在主句之后。常見句型結構有:

(1)

so

+

形容詞/副詞+

that從句;

(2)

such

a/an

+

形容詞+可數名詞單數+that從句;

(五)目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句連詞有:in

case“以免,以防萬一”

,in

order

that“為了??,以便??”。so

that引導狀語從句只能置于主句之后。in

order

that引導狀語從句可放主句之前或之后。(六)地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句由where,anywhere,

wherever引導。where指“在某個地方”,wherever指“無論哪里,在任何一個地方”。(七)因素狀語從句

引導因素狀語從句的連詞有:because,as,since,when(既然),now

that(既然),seeing

that(由于),

considering

that,inthat(在于,由于)等名詞性從句考點(主語,表語,賓語)1,that

何時可以省略

1)

that

在賓語從句大多數情況可以省略

(1)We

regret

(that)

you

did

not

find

our

prouct

satisfactory.

(2)We

told

the

driver(

that)

we

were

in

a

hurry.

2)在主語,表語,同位語從句中一般不能省略。

(1)

That

you

want

to

be

independent

is

only

natural.

(2)The

advantage

of

DVD

is

that

it

gives

you

much

better

picture

quality.

(3)We

should

make

people

face

the

fact

that

a

lot

of

people

die

from

smoking

every

year.

2,if和whether

的區別:

1)在賓語從句中,if

和whether一般都可以使用.

在賓語從句中,

只能使用whether的情況:

(1)

介詞之后

Your

success

or

failure

depends

on

whether

you

work

hard.(2)

緊跟or

not

She

asked

me

whether

or

not

he

would

come.

(3)接不定式

Can

you

tell

me

whether

to

go

or

to

stay

(4)

主語從句,表語從句,

同位語從句只能用whether.

Whether

will

come

depends

on

a

number

of

things.

The

question

is

wether

he

will

come

to

help.

練習:

2.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.?

A.Whoever

B.Nomatterwho

C.Whomever

D.Who5.___movedusmostwas___helookedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.

A.That;that

B.What;that

CWhat;what

D.That;what8.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.

A.whom

B.which

C.who

D.that11.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary_____ithelpsustofindandcorrectmistakes.A.bythatB.atthatC.onthatD.inthat10.

That

tree,

__________

branches

are

almost

bare,

is

very

old.

A.

whose

B.

of

which

C.

in

which

D.

on

which

3.

Is

this

the

factory

__________

he

worked

ten

years

ago?

?A.

that

B.

where

?C.

which

D.

the

one

9.

I’ll

tell

you

__________

he

told

me

last

week.

A.

all

which

B.

that

C.

all

that

D.

which

11.

have

bought

the

same

dress

__________

she

is

wearing.

?

A.

as

B.

that

C.

which

D.

what

Nomatterwho只能引導狀語從句Whoever既能引導狀語從句,又能引導名詞性從句Whoeverhaspassedthetestwillgetaprize.Nomatterwhohaspassedthetest,hewillgetaprize.強調與倒裝強調的兩種方式:1.強調句型:Itis(was)…that(who)2.用助動詞do,does或did來強調謂語動詞。強調句型的變形1.一般疑問句的強調:Is/Wasit+被強調部分+that/who+其他部分e.g.Wasitonalonelyisland_____hewassavedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what2.特殊疑問句的強調:被強調部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分。e.g.—______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?—Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WhichwasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit3.notuntil...強調句型:Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調部分+that+其他部分e.g.ItwasnotuntilIcamehere_____Irealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.beforeIdidn’trealizethisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweatheruntilIcamehere.倒裝:部分倒裝考點:否認詞never、seldom、hardly、scarcely、barely、rarely、little、not、nowhere(無處,任何地方都不)、bynomeans、undernocondition/circumstance、atnotime(絕不)、neither、nor,notonly,notuntil等放在句首時,句子常倒裝。e.g.Notonly_____interestedinfootballbutalso____beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare※Notonly…butalso句型中,notonly后部分倒裝,butalso后不倒裝。eg.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized(2)Only+狀語或狀語從句+其它例如:OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.比較:OnlyMothercanunderstandme(3)nosooner…than…、hardly…when…、scarcely…when…、、so…that…、such…that…,notonly…butalso…句型中,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝,但要注意:neither…nor…連接的句子前后兩個分句都要倒裝。e.gNotonlyisshesmartbutalsosheisbeautiful.Suchgreatprogressdidhemakethathewaspraised.SoheavyistheboxthatIcan’tcarryit.Neitherhasheapencil,norhasheapen.(4)虛擬語氣中用倒裝代替if。例如:HadItime(=IfIhadtime),Iwouldgoandhelpyou.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgoabroad.Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.(5)as作為“盡管”時放句首,需將as后的名詞,動詞,形容詞,副詞提前。注意,名詞提前時要省略冠詞。Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heknowsalot.Objectasyoumay,Iwillgo.完全倒裝there引出的完全倒裝句:除了最常見的therebe句型以外,there還可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seemtobe,stand等,一般都譯成"有"的含義,構成完全倒裝句。例如:Thereappearedtobeamaninblackinthedistance.(遠處有個穿黑色衣服的人。)(2)in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back,below等副詞作狀語置于句首時,謂語常用動詞有come,go,rush,等不及物動詞練習:1._____bylongandhardpracticecanyouhopetobecomeagoodpianist.A.OnlyB.UnlessC.IfdoingD.While2.Bynomeans______yourthree-year-oldsonaloneathome.A.youdoleaveB.shouldyouleaveC.doyouleaveD.youshouldleave3.Hardly______hisspeechwhenhesawtheaudienceriseasone.AhadhefinishedBdidhefinishCbefinishedDhehadfinished4.______thatthisregionwassorichinnaturalresources.A.LittleheknewB.LittlehedidknowC.LittledidheknowD.Littlehehadknown5.Onlyafterthestormwasover______.A.couldwestartoffB.wecouldstartoffC.hadwestartedoffD.wehadstartedoff6.IvisitedJiuzhaigoulastautumn.Never______sobeautifulaplacelikethatinmylife.AIhadseenBdidIseeC.haveIseenDIshallsee7.Itwasthemusichall______wemeteachotherforthefirsttime.AwhenBwhereCwhichDthat8.Itwasnotuntilmidnight______thenoiseofthestreetstopped.A.that

B.thisC.since

D.atwhich10.I________wanttotellyouthetruthlastnight,butIlackedcourage.A.doB.didC.doesD.havedone11.Whenwasit____youmethiminthelibrary?A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.which12.“Imissedthetrainlastnight”“so_____”A.haveIB.IhaveC.didID.Idid13.Therewasaloudcrashasthedoorbroke,andin_____thepolice.A.didcomeB.cameC.havecomeD.theycame主謂一致(見ppt)1.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowsB.knowC.haveknownD.isknown2.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______sea.A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen3.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were4.HisSelectedPoems______firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.is5.Whenandwheretobuildthefactory______yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotbeendecidedD.havenotdecided6.Aforkandknife_____onthetable.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen7.EitherTomorI______toblame.A.tobeB.amC.areD.is8.There_______acupandtwoglassesonthetable.A.isB.areC.wasD.were9.Myclothes_____madetoorder.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveClothes衣服,具體,復數名詞e.g.Ichangedmyclothes.Clothing衣服,抽象,單數Ourclothingprotectedusfromcold.Cloth布,單數10.Theold_____takengoodcareofinourcountry.A.isB.hasC.areD.have11.Twentydollars______enoughforthecoat.A.isB.areC.hasD.have12.Fiveminusthree_____two.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were,wasB.was,wasC.was,wereD.were.14.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be15.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered反義疑問句考點:原則:1.前肯后否,前否后肯2.前名后代3.時態一致1.反義疑問句的陳述部分為Iam……時,問句部分習慣上用aren’tI?I’maveryclevergirl,aren’tI?2.陳述部分為there(here)be結構時,問句部分用助/系動詞+there/here?形式。Hereisastoryaboutmarktwain,isn’there?3.陳述句中具有un-,im-,in-,dis-,等否認意義的前綴構成的詞語時,陳述部分要被視為肯定意義,問句部分用否認形式。Heisunhappy,isn’the?4.letme習慣上用shallI?或者willyou?Letus習慣上用willyou?Let's習慣上用shallwe?5.陳述部分為上述以外的祈使句時,問句部分一般用willyou表達請求;用won’tyou?表達委婉的請求或邀請。陳述部分為否認祈使句時,問句部分用willyou?Readthetext,willyou?Openthedoor,won’tyou?(語氣更委婉一些)6.若陳述句部分具有never,few,little,hardly,no,seldom,nobody,nothing…否認詞、半否認詞時,附加疑問句用肯定形式。Hecanhardlyunderstandit,canhe?詞形變換考點匯總1.the后兩種考慮1)+名詞2)形容詞比較級,最高級The(serve)______hereisbetterthanthatinotherrestaurant.Theisthe(happy)_______timeIhaveeverhad.2.動詞考點時態:過去,正在進行,完畢時語態:積極,被動注意積極表被動;有些詞不能用被動虛擬語氣分詞做狀語一個單詞被逗號隔開,變為副詞(Act)_________,Ihavenoideaaboutwha

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