Grammartoinfinitive(不定式)動詞不定式的使用Todolikethatisfoolish.IwanttoseeyouIamtovisityouHehaslotsofworktodo.IstudyhardtoimproveEnglish.

Theteacheraskmetoanswerthequestion.主語賓語表語定語狀語賓補作主語TolearnEnglishisreallyimportantnowadays.Tobeadoctorismydream.1.學習外語真的很重要。2.做一名醫生是我的夢想。Subject

動詞不定式和不定式短語做主語時，常用it做形式主語，其句型結構為：Itis+形容詞或名詞（或詞組）+不定式短語…這時的形容詞常為easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名詞或詞組常為afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。Tip:作賓語Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred沒有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。2.他答應不告述任何人這事。Object

Canyougivesomeexamples?作表語Mytaskistofinishthehomework.Toseeistobelieve.1.我的任務是去完成作業。2.眼見為實。Predicative

作定語Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要說的嗎?2.Betty是第一個知道這真相的人

BettywasthefirsttoknowthetruthAttribute注1:不定式做定語時，表示未做。

Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtoattendtomorrow.注2:動詞不定式用作定語時可以放在一些名詞的后面。如：

attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,effort,failure,intention,needandopportunity.注3：當名詞被序數詞修飾時，常用不定式作定語

作狀語Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Iamhappytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的狀語.原因狀語.結果狀語Adverbial作賓補Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在這兒。2.請允許我介紹Mr.White給你們。

PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.Objectcomplement我聽到他在唱流行歌曲Iheardthemsingapopsong.我看到他們踢足球了Wewatchedthemplayfootball.他讓我擦玻璃Hemademecleanthewindow.ⅠBare

infinitive（不定式符號to的省略）A.有些動詞后面的不定式不帶to，“5321”如see,watch,notice,observe（五看）.make,have,let（三讓）hear,listento（二聽）feel（一感）主動省“to”，被動加“to”注意注意B①介詞but，except,表示“除了”后接不定式作賓語時，介詞前有行為動詞do，不定式省to。②當主語部分有行為動詞do，不定式做表語省to。“前有do，后省to”

wehadnothingtodo

but/exceptwait.WhatIwanttodois

find

somebooks.注意

C.兩個或兩個以上的不定式由連詞and，or，but，ratherthan連接時，第二個不定式符號to開始，往往省略。1.Wouldyouliketogoshoppingor

watchfilms.2.Idecidetowork

ratherthan

play.3.Shetoldmetolistencarefullyand

workhard注意

作簡短回答或避免不必要的重復時，動詞不定式常常省去to后面的動詞，只保留不定式符號to。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行車，但我叫她別用。Ⅱ不定式后動詞的省略動詞不定式還可以和what,where,how,when,which等連接代詞（副詞）連用，在句中做主語,賓語和表語，賓補。如：1.如何處理垃圾是個問題。

______________________isaproblem.2.Icouldn’tdecide________________.(買哪一個)HowtodealwiththerubbishwhichonetobuyⅢ疑問詞+todo時態/語態主動被動一般式todotobedone進行式tobedoing

/完成式tohavedonetohavebeendoneⅣ不定式的時態和語態1.Heissaidtogotobeijing.Todo一般表示動作未做3.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadfor2years.2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.Tohavedone表示動作已經發生（發生在謂語動詞之前）Tobedoing所表示的動作正在進行。

practise當堂鞏固Practisemakesperfect1.—Andyworkshard.sohedoes,heisoftenseen_____afterwork.A.playingB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying2.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_____.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.drinking3.DoyouplantogotoBeijing?Yes,Iplan___.A.\C.soD.thatB.to4.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.improvingB.improved

D.improveC.toimprove5.Togetagoodmark,______.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedspracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.youneedalotofpractice非謂語作狀語時，前后兩個句子的主語必須一致。getyou

高考真題體驗1.Hetolduswhether_____apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.(09四川卷)B.havingC.haveD.had2.canIsmokehere?sorry.wedon’tallow___here.(O7江蘇卷)A.peoplesmokingB.tosmokec.peoplesmokeA.tohaveD.smoking3.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.（2010重慶卷）repaired B.beingrepairedC.repairing D.toberepaired4.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if___

regularly,canimproveourhealth.(2010浙江卷)A．beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout

if5.Ihadgreatdifficulty

thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.（2010上海）A.findB.foundC.tofindD.finding6.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine

theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.(2010上海卷)A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reducewecanimagine7.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.（10江西卷）AtodiscoverBtobediscoveredCdiscoveredDbeingdiscovered8.Wewereastonished

thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.（2010遼寧卷）AfindingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound

9.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_

inthemedicalcircles.(2010遼寧卷)A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recogniz