Grammar–EightelementsS----subject主語V----verb謂語動詞O----object賓語

P----predicative表語A----adverbial狀語DO----directobjective直接賓語IO----indirectobjective間接賓語

C----objectivecomplement賓語補足語S–subject主語句子陳述對象，說明“什么人”/“什么事”1.名詞作主語Thefoodistasty.2.代詞作主語Ilikeappleverymuch.3.數詞作主語Twoplustwoisfour.4.動名詞作主語Playinggamesisbadforyoureyes.5.動詞不定式作主語Toseeistobelieve.6.從句作主語WhatIsayisserious.2.V–verb謂語句子對主語動作或狀態的陳述或說明，指“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”動詞作謂語，需要注意時態和語態Ilikewalking.(一般現在時，主動語態)Abookismadeofpaper.（一般現在時，被動語態）Imadeyourbirthdaycakelastnight.（一般過去時，主動語態）復合謂語1、情態動詞/助動詞+主要動詞Ican’tdoit.You’dbettergorightnow.2、系動詞+表語Thetwinslookthesame.Theweathergetscooler.系動詞linkverb狀態系動詞(表主語狀態)“be”isamare-------Heisateacher.變化系動詞（變成什么樣）get,become,turn,go-------Hebecamemadafterthat.感官系動詞feel,taste,smell,sound,look-----Theflowerssmellsweet.表象系動詞（看起來怎么樣）seem,appear,look-----Helookedtired.持續系動詞（保持一種狀態態度）Keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand----Healwayskeptsilentatthemeeting.3.O–object賓語動作、行為的對象名詞作賓語Shelikespears.

代詞作賓語Wealllikehim.數詞作賓語

Givemefour.不定式作賓語

Weallliketogotoschool.動名詞作賓語Theylikerunning.從句作賓語Ithinkheisright.7.DO–directobject直接賓語8.IO---indirectobject間接賓語Myparentsbroughtme

acomputer.4.P---Predicative表語

說明主語身份、性致、狀態不定式作表語Herdreamistobecomeadancer.動名詞作表語

Herjobissellingcomputers.分詞作表語Theproblemispressing.(現在分詞)Thedoorremainslocked.(過去分詞）介詞短語作表語Thepatientisoutofdanger.從句作賓語Thisiswhathesaid.4.P---Predicative表語

說明主語身份、性致、狀態名詞作表語Chinaisabigcountry.代詞作表語Thebookismine.形容詞作表語

Ifeelmuchbettertoday.副詞作表語

Iwashere.數詞作表語Fiveandfourisnine.（1）Lucyisabeautifulnurse.（2）Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.（3）Smokingisharmfultothehealth.（4）ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure.（5）Whatweshoulddoisnotyetdecided.句子成分劃分Hisparentsareteachers.Westudyhard.Wedon’tfinishreadingthebook.HecanspeakEnglish.Sheisdoingherhomeworknow.Shesays（that）sheisill.Weoftenhelphim.Helikestoplaybasketball.Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.一、寫出下列單詞的中文意思engineersecretarymanagerpatientgrocery9.30小測6.quantity7.signature8.attractive9.departmentstore10.bakery（1）

ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure.（2）Whatweshoulddoisnotyetdecided.句子成分劃分S不定式短語作主語

VP名詞短語作表語S從句作主語

VP過去分詞短語作表語（3）

Hisparents

areteachers.（4）We

studyhard.句子成分劃分S名詞短語作主語

VP名詞作表語S

代詞作主語

VA副詞作狀語（5）Wedon’tfinishreadingthebook.句子成分劃分S代詞作主語

V復合謂語O動名詞作賓語（6）

He

canspeak

English.（7）She

isdoing

herhomeworknow.句子成分劃分S代詞作主語

V復合謂語O名詞作賓語S

代詞作主語

V正在進行時A副詞作時間狀語O名詞作賓語（8）

She

says（that）sheisill.（9）Weoftenhelphim.句子成分劃分S代詞作主語

VO從句作賓語S

代詞作主語

V動詞短語O代詞作賓語（10）

Helikestoplaybasketball.（11）

We

enjoylisteningtothemusic.句子成分劃分S代詞作主語

VO不定式短語作賓語S

代詞作主語

VO現在分詞短語作賓語5.A–adverbial狀語說明地點時間原因目的等副詞作狀語Shetalkedaboutherexperienceexcitedly.

不定式作目的狀語Icameheretoseeyou.介詞短語作狀語

Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.從句作狀語IfI’mnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.分詞作狀語Havinghadaquarrelwithhiswife,helefthomeinabadtemper.因為和妻子吵了一架，他生氣地離家出走了。6.C–objectivecomplement賓語補足語名詞作賓補WeelectedJackourchairman.TheynamedthecityBeijing.形容詞作賓補Shedyedherhairbrown.Theypaintedthewallwhite.介詞短語作賓補Peoplepraisedhimasanationalhero.

指一些及物動詞除了跟賓語外，還需要賓語補足語對賓語進行補充說明，使意思更清楚6.C–objectivecomplement賓語補足語不定式作賓補Sheaskedmetoexplainthequestionagain.分詞（現在分詞/過去分詞）作賓補Ihearthebirdsingingeveryday.Hehadhisanklesprainedwhileplayingfootball

指一些及物動詞除了跟賓語外，還需要賓語補足語對賓語進行補充說明，使意思更清楚SentencestructureS+

V

主語+謂語Abirdflies.2.S+V+O

主語+謂語+賓語He

likesbanana.3.S+V+P主語+系動詞+表語He

looks

well.4.S+V+IO+DO主語+謂語+間賓+直賓Heasked

meaquestion.Sentencestructure5.S+

V

+O+