2020高考英語：閱讀理解課堂練（8）PassageFifteen(ContributionofCoeducation)Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofownsex.Howwouldyoureact?Unlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn’tbetoohappyaboutit,tosaytheleast.Itisallthemoresurprisingthereforethatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimposesuchabnormalconditionsontheirchildren–conditionswhichtheythemselveswouldn’tputupwithforoneminute!Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsofeducation.Stuffingchildren’sheadsfullofknowledgeisfarfrombeingforemostamongthem.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationsistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequiretotaketheirplaceinadultsociety.Nowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomen,sohowcanasegregatedschoolpossiblyoffertherightsortofpreparationforit?Anyoneenteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.Aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.Boysandgirlsaregiventheopportunitytogettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicability,athleticachievementandmanyoftheextra-curricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapracticaladvantageitis(togivejustasmallexample)tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsenseco-educationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlorvice-versa.Whensegregated,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Rivalrybetweenthesexesisfostered.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoitsproperplace.Butperhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-educationisthehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon’tgrowupbelievingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures–airygoddesses,morelikebook-illustrationstoafairy-tale,thanhumanbeings.Girlsdon’tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldispelillusionsofthiskind.Therearenogoddesseswithfreckles,pigtails,piercingvoicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswithknobblyknees,dirtyfingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbeovercomeinaco-educationalenvironment.Segregatedschoolssometimesprovidetherightconditionsforsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleunderaco-educationalsystem.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedtoentersocietyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen.1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.onlyco-educationcanbeinharmonywithsociety.B.peopleareingreatneedofco-education.C.anyformofeducationotherthanco-educationissimplyunthinkable.D.co-educationhasmanyfeatures.2.Whatdoesco-educationoffertochildren?A.Asociety.B.Atruesmallmodelofsociety.C.Areallife.D.Trueversionofsocialcondition.3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthechiefaimsofeducation?A.Itisforstudentstoacquireknowledge.B.Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithscientifictechnology.C.Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithwhatisrequiredingettingapositioninsociety.D.Itisforstudentstogetacademicachievements.4.Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionabouteachother?A.Theylivetogetherandknoweachothertoowell.B.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldismisssuchillusion.C.co-educationencouragethemtohaveanhealthyattitudetowardlife.D.Theyarefamiliarwitheachother’sproblems.Vocabularybeinfor=receive

接受

Heisinforpunishment.

他受到懲罰。

縮樣，雛形，微型畫

雀斑

鞭子=knobby

多節的

亂七八糟，蓬亂的focus=clearview

bringintofocus

使集中在焦點上，對光

bringintosharpfocus

這里的意義是：一目了然，明顯突出

越軌，偏離，入歧途難句譯注themore越發，格外2.aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.【參考譯文】男女合校至少給孩子提供了一個社會真正縮影。3.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.【參考譯文】棘手的青春期把成長過程中出現的某些身體上合感情上的問題清晰地擺出來。寫作方法與文章大意文章論及“男女合校制的優越性和男女分校制的缺陷。”采用因果、對比寫法。首先假設單一性別社會，人所不能容忍，那單一性別的學校培養的人又怎能適應社會。因為社會是男女組成的。然后分別對比合校和分校的優缺點。比較合校的優點，分校的缺點，最后得出結論：之后合校的學生，在離校進入社會，已做好一切準備，而不會感到震驚，因為他們已有好幾年的經驗，會處理面臨男女的許多問題。答案詳解除了男女合校，其他形式的教育簡直難以想象。答案見第一段“設想請你在一個只有你一樣性別的人存在的社會生活12年光景，你會如何反應呢？除非你本人確實有毛病，否則，你至少不會太高興。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把這種不正常的環境（他們自己一分鐘都受不了的環境）強加給他們的孩子們，這太令人驚訝！”第二段講“教育的目的之一就是為未來的公民在成人社會中找一席之地，準備好需要的一切。而社會由男女組成，那分校又怎能準備？”后兩段講合校之優點，分校之缺點，具體對比突出主題。這都說明C最合適。A.只有合校才能和社會相協調。D.合校有許多特點。這兩項文章內容涉及到，但作為最佳標題則不確切。B.人們非常需要合校。文內沒有直接談到。一個真實社會的縮影。這在第三段第一句“男女合校確實能給孩子們提供一個社會真實的縮影。”下面的內容都是圍繞這個主題而寫的具體情況。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，對比等。A.社會。C.一種真實的生活。D.真實的社會情況。都沒有B項那樣確切。為未來公民在社會上擁有一席之地，準備好所需要的一切。這在第二段“這個話題的討論必然會引出教育目的的問題。把各種知識塞進孩子頭腦遠不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是為未來公民在成人社會求得一席之地，準備好所需一切。”A.學生學到只是。B.以科技武裝未來公民。C.為學生缺德學術成就。都只是知識學習的一個部分。幾年學校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中,“在學校中，幾年生活在一起消除這一類的幻想。沒有什么臉上有雀斑，梳著鞭子，涂著指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也沒有膝部有疙瘩，指甲臟兮兮，頭發亂蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明顯呈現出來的成長過程中身體上和感情上的問題，在男女合校環境中得到很好的解決。”A.他們生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太過，不是太了解而不產生幻想，而是了解情況；真人就在眼前，人就實際了，消除了幻想。C.合校鼓勵他們對生活有一種健康積極的態度。這是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。D.他們熟悉彼此的問題。不全是消除幻想之因，而是處理問題的前奏。這在最后一段最后兩句話有說明“當學生離校的時刻來到時，他們已是很有適應性的成人，為進入社會做好了充分準備。他們已有幾年處理面臨男女的許多問題的經驗。”

這是一篇論及“博士生輟學”的文章。采用對比和因果手法。文章一開始就提出教育工作者嚴重關注博士生輟學達50％的問題。而調查報告證明，只有31％。輟學造成不良后果，有人建議中途退學者回爐再念博士學位學業。研究表明不行。列出理由并加以分析。PassageSixteen(Mules)Althoughthetopmeninsmugglingbusinessmustworktogether,mostofasyndicate’ssmallfry,especiallythemules,knowonlytheirimmediatecontacts.Ifcaughtthereislittletheycangiveaway.Amuleprobablywillnotevenknowthenameofthepersonwhogiveshimhisinstructions,norhowtogetintouchwithhim.Usuallyheevendoesnotknowthepersontowhomhehastomakedelivery.Hewillbetoldjusttosittightinacertainhotelorbaruntilsomeonecontactshim.Inthiswayifheisblown,comingthroughairportcustomshecannotunwittinglyleadagentstothenextlinkinthechain.Allthepersonsatthereceivingenddoistohangaroundtheairportamongthewaitingcrowd,andseethatthemulecomesthroughsafely.Ifhedoesnot,heisdimplywrittenoffasaloss.Tomakeidentificationofmuleseasier,severalsyndicateshavedevisedtheirown“clubties”sothatamulewearingonecanimmediatelybepickedout.Mulesoftenreceivecarefultrainingbeforeembarkingontheirfirstjourney.OneBeirutorganization,forexample,usesaroomwiththreeairlineseatsinit.Therethetraineemulessitforhoursonendwearingweightedsmugglingvestsbeneaththeirclothes,sothattheybecomeaccustomedtostandingupafteralongflightinanaturalway,andwithoutrevealingwhattheyarecarrying.AnoutfitinBrusselsmaintainedacomfortableapartmentwherethemulescouldrelaxandgetafirmgriponthemselvesonthenightbeforetheirfirstjourney;theywerehelpedtodressbeforesettingoutfortheairportinthemorning.Moreoftenthannotacourierwillnotknowpreciselywhereheisgoingorwhatflightnumberisuntilheisactuallyhandedhisticketsattheairport.Thispreventsthecarelessboastinsomebarortoagirlfriendthenightbefore.Mulesoccasionallyrunoffwiththegoodstokeeptheprofitthemselves.Asinsuranceagainstthis,asyndicateoftensendsahigh-uponthesameplanetokeepawaryeyeoncouriers,particularlynewones.Eventhenthingscangobadlywrong.OneinternationalcurrencysmugglerwhowashavingtroublegettingmoneyoutofBritainwasofferedhelpbyagroupofmenwhosaidtheywereinapositionto“fixthing”–forafeeofcourse.Foolishly,thesmuggleragreedtoaccepttheirhelp.WhenhegottoLondon’sHeathrowAirport,hehandedovertooneofthemenablacksuitcasecontainingnearly$90,000incash,destinedforFrankfurt.Justtokeepaneyeonthings,thesmugglerwentalongonthesameplane.WhentheylandedatFrankfurthewashandedbackhissuitcase.Hebeatastraightpathtothemen’stoilet,openedthecase,andfoundonlyoldclothes.Thecourierhadswitchedsuitcaseenroute,butthesmugglercouldhardlyruntothepoliceandcomplainthat“themanwhowassmugglingmoneyoutofEnglandformehasstolenit.”1.Whatisa“mule”?A.Apersonwhosendssmugglinggoodsforasyndicateiscalledmule.Apersoninchargeofsmugglinggoodsiscalledmule.C.Apersonwhomakesdeliveryforasyndicateiscalledmule.D.Apersonwhoreceivesinstructionsfromasmuggleriscalledmule.2.Thesentence“ifheisblown”inline(6)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.ifheisarrested.B.ifheisrecognized,butnotnecessarilyarrested.C.ifheisrecognizedandarrested.D.ifherunsaway.3.Whydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowhowasmuggleriscaught.B.Toshowasmugglerisafraidofthepolice.C.Toshowtokeepawaryeyeoncouriersisuseless.D.Toshowmulesmaykeeptheprofitforthemselves.4.Howdoesamulework?A.Jointly.B.Independently.C.consciously.D.Separately.Vocabulary

小魚群，小生物群。這里的smallfry是指辛迪加之子公司，

小走私集團或走私者tight

穩坐不動，堅持下去，這里指一直坐等著，

等到有人來和他聯系。

欠賬的，被炸毀的。這里指走私分子“出事”off

銷賬，被勾銷的項目。這里指把出事的騾子從名單上勾掉。offasaloss作為損失銷賬。(on)

開始搞，從事，上船。

緊握up

高處，這里指高一級走私人thing

這里指“擺平事情”，解決問題

踏上

轉變，調換難句譯注1.Inthiswayifheisblown,comingthroughairportcustomshecannotunwittinglyleadagentstothenextlinkinthechain.【結構簡析】條件句【參考譯文】這樣，一旦在他通過機場檢查處時出事，他不可能愚蠢地把檢查事務官引到鎖鏈的下一個環節。2.Therethetraineemulessitforhoursonendwearingweightedsmugglingvestsbeneaththeirclothes,sothattheybecomeaccustomedtostandingupafteralongflightinanaturalway,andwithoutrevealingwhattheyarecarrying.【結構簡析】主從句。主句中分詞斷語wearing修飾trainee。從句中and連接兩組介詞短語，后有一賓語從句whattheyarecarrying。這實際上是with(without)+v-ing+object基本句型。【參考譯文】在那里，走私者衣服下穿著裝有東西的厚厚的走私背心，連續幾個小時坐著，所以他