2021學年第二學期高三英語適應性練習

試題

（時間120分鐘）考生注意：.本練習共12頁。練習時間120分鐘。.答題前，考生務必在答題紙上用鋼筆或水筆清楚填寫姓名、準考證號，并用鉛筆正確涂寫準考證號。.答案必須全部涂寫在答題紙上。選擇題使用2B鉛筆涂點，其他試題不可使用鉛筆作答。ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper;anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard..【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】A.Atachurch.B.Atasnackbar.C.Ataphotostudio.D.Atabeautysalon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Adoublecheeseburger,somelargecurlyfriesandamediumPepsi.M:Ok.Yourtotalis$6.88.Eatinortakeaway?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablylakeplace?.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】A.Waiter.B.Doctor.C.Mechanic.D.Driver.【答案】C【解析】［原文】W:HowmuchshouldIpay?M:Well,Ihavepaintedthescratchonthefrontleftdoorandadjusted(hebrakes,soitwouldbe$130.Q:What'sprobablytheman?sjob?.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】A.Supportive.A.Supportive.A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.考查情態動詞。句意：野生動物保護區的部落部門經理hispcrCamcLMcans說，在魚類和野生動物管理局的監督下，那里的展品之前用了不同部落的詞來形容野牛，他們不會接受。根據句意，可用情態動詞would或者could與動詞原形accept構謂語。故填would/couldo【28題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：游客中心現已開放，展出的新展品更好地反映了部落參與野牛保護的情況。分析句子可知，feature（以為特色，以為主要組成）是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語Thevisitorcenter之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞表主動，作伴隨狀語。故填featuring?！?9題詳解】考查原因狀語從句和連詞。句意：我們聽長輩說一些我們必須保護的東西，因為如果我們不把它放在那里，我們就會失去它給我們的東西。根據句意，前后文是因果關系,“ifwedon'tputitoutthere,welosewhatitgivestousv是wsomestuffwehavetoprotectM的原因,用從屬連詞because引導原因狀語從句。故填because?！?。題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：這些部落正在努力建造一個更大的博物館，它將更靠近美國93號公路。根據句意和下文usharetheirhistorywithmorepeoplen可推知，一個更大的博物館能與更多的人分享歷史，應使用比較級。故填bigger。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.nutritionalB.objectedC.sustainableD.parisonE.motivationalF.projectedG.necessarilyH.popularityI.unsweetenedJ.previouslyK.sourcePlant-basedMilkTherearenutritionaldifferencesbetweentypesofmilk,fromoattosoytocow's.Plant-basedmilkshavebeengrowingin31foryears,butthenutritionalcontentofdifferentmilksandmilkalternativesvary,withdisagreementsbetweenbrandsloo.Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis32togrowfrom$22.25billionin2021to$53,97billionin2028,accordingtoareportbyFortuneBusinessInsights.InFebruary2022,theworld'sfirstpotatomilklaunchedintheUK,whichbillsitselfas“themost33plant-baseddairyalternativeonthemarket.”Whilesomepeoplechoosedairyalternatives,cowsmilkisanexcellent34ofcalcium,protein.andvitaminDll'salsoworkingbetterthanwaterwhenpeoplefeelthirsty,accordingtoasmallstudybyStAndrewsUniversityinScotland.However,somepeoplestayawayfromdairybecauseofintoleranceofthemouthfeelorenvironmentalconcerns,andforsome,the35factorishealth.Nutritionalreportsofmilksvary,withsomeofferingmorefiber,fat,protein,carbs,sugar,andcaloriesthanothers.Dietitiansremendchoosingfortifiedplant-basedmilks.Plant-basedmilksarenot36"healthier”thandairy,andwhenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesarefortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.4tFortifiedmeansthattheyareaddedbythemanufacturerandsowillbeontheingredientslist,oradvertisedonthefront,dietitianNicholaLudlam-Rainc37toldInsider.“ChoosemilkalternativesthatarefortifiedwithvitaminssuchasvitaminB12andvitaminD,inadditiontothemineralscalciumandiodine,“shesaid.The38contentofmilkvariesintermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber.Cow'smilk,fbrexample,containslotsofcalciumandvitaminD,aswellasprotein.Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwithcalcium,andisalsohighinprotein.For(hepurposeofthis39.Insiderselectedpopularbrandsofeachmilk,selecting40optionswhereverpossible,percup.Here'ssomenutritionalinformationonourwebsitetobearinmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,oralongsideacookie.【答案】31.H32.F33.C34.K35.E36.G37.J38.A39.D40.1【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了植物性乳制品是可以替代牛奶。[31題詳解】考查名詞。句意：植物性牛奶多年來越來越受歡迎，但不同牛奶和牛奶替代品的營養成分不同，品牌之間也存在分歧。分析可知，空前是介詞，所以空處應填名詞，根據后文“Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis2togrowfromS22.25billionin2021to$53.97billionin2028”可知,牛奶市場越來越大,所以空處應選popularity意為“受歡迎”，符合句意。故選H項。【32題詳解】考查動詞。句意：根據《財富》商業觀察的一份報告，全球乳制品替代品市場預計將從2021年的222.5億美元增長到2028年的539.7億美元。根據后文中“I。$53.97billionin2028”，可推測，現在還未到2028年,所以應該是表預測，所以應填project意為“預測”，又本句主語是market與project之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，空前已有be動詞is,空處用project的過去分詞。故選F項[33題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：2022年2月，世界上第一款土豆牛奶在英國推出，它標榜自己是“市場上最可持續的植物性乳制品替代品”。根據空前的themost可知空處應填形容詞，表示“最……的”，此處分析選項，可知應在A,C,E,I中選，帶入句子中，可知sustainable意為“可持續的”符合句意。故選C項?？疾槊~。句意：雖然有些人會選擇乳制品的替代品，但牛奶是鈣、蛋白質和維生素D的極佳來源。根據空前是excellent為形容詞，所以空處應填名詞，再根據空后“ofcalcium,prolein,andvilaminD”可知，應選source意為“來源”，符合句意。故選K項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而，有些人不吃乳制品是因為對?口感的不耐受或對?環境的擔憂，對另一些人來說，健康是激勵因素。分析句子結構可知，空前是冠詞the,空后是名詞factor,所以空處應填形容詞，根據后文“factorishealth.”可推知,此處應填motivational意為“激勵的”，激勵因素是健康,符合句意。故選E項。【36題詳解】考查副詞。句意：植物性牛奶不?定比乳制品“更健康”，在遵循植物性飲食時，營養師建議確保不含乳制品的牛奶替代品含有必要的維生素和礦物質。分析句子結構可知，空處修飾空后的healthier,應用副詞，根據后文“whenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesarefortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandmineralsM可知本句表達意思為植物性牛奶不一定比乳制品“更健康”，所以應選necessarily意為“必然地”，符合句意。故選G項?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：營養學家尼古拉?拉德拉姆-雷恩此前告訴Inside亡“強化意味著制造商添加了它們，所以它們會出現在配料表上，或在食品包裝上?！狈治鼍渥咏Y構可知，空處修飾空后的動詞，應用副詞，用排除法,分析句子選項可知G,J為副詞，帶入句子中可知，previously意為“先前”符合句意，表示此前告訴之意。故選J項。【38題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：牛奶的營養成分在蛋白質、碳水化合物和纖維方面各不相同。分析句子結構可知，空前是冠詞the,空后是名詞content,所以空處應填形容詞，再根據后文“intermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber”,此處說的是牛奶的營養，所以應先nulritional“營養的”，符合句意。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考杳名詞。句意：為了進行比較，Insider選擇了每種牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶盡可能選擇不加糖的。根據空前是指示代詞，所以空處應填名詞,在根據前文acontainslotsofcalciumandvitaminD.aswellasprotein.Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwithcalcium,andisalsohighinprotein."可知，這里是作比較,所以選parison意為“比較”，符合句意。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：為了進行比較，Insider選擇了每種牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶盡可能選擇不加糖的。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞options,所以空處應填形容詞修飾，根據后文“Herdssomenutritionalinformationonourwebsitetobearinmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,oralongsideacookie.”可推知，營養信息是為了健康，所以應是選擇不加糖的牛奶，所以應選unsweelened意為“未加糖的”，符合句意。故選I項。III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ItwasthoughtthatMicrobes(細菌)insediments—solidmaterialthatsettlesatthebottomofaliquidbeneaththeseafloordiedabove80℃,butscientistshavefoundsomethatcansun-iveupto120℃andpossiblyhighertemperatures.Thediscoveryshowsthatlifeinseafloorsedimentscansurvivehighertemperaturesthanpreviouslythought.“Iwouldthinkthatwhereverthere'senergythatcanbeexploitedbymicroorganisms,41find(s)away."saysTinaTreudeattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,itispossiblethatthereislifeatevenhighertemperatures.44Theonlywaytofindoutistogobackand42deeper,shesays,thoughinlabexperimentssofar,nomicrobeshavebeenfound(ogrowabove122℃.Theresearcherswerealsoableto43outandcountcellsusingaspecialdevice.Together,thefindingsshowthatrelativelyfewcellssurviveattheselemperalures,butthosethatdohaveveryhighmetabolic(新陳代謝的)rates.*4Itwasastonishinglyhigh,“saysTrcudc.Thissurprisedtheteambecauseitisthe44ofwhathasbeenfoundinshallowersediments,whereitismuchcolder.Microbesare45there,buttheirmetabolismsareextremelyslowandindividualmicrobesmightlivefbrmillionsofyears.At120℃,(hehealisdoingalolofdamagetocells,somicrobesmayneedhighmetabolismstogenerateenoughenergytorepairthisdamage.Itisa(n)46tostayalive,saysTreude.Itisn'tclearwhattheseheat-loving,orthermophilic,microbesare,astheteamwasunableto47theirDNA.Norisitclearhowtheycametobeinthesediments,giventhatthiswouldhavebeenaverycoldenvironmentforalongtimeafterthesedimentsthatthesamplescamefromwerefirst48.However,afewthermophilicmicrobeswouldhavebeenpresentwhenthesedimentsweredeposited,andtheymayhavesomehow49untiltemperaturesbegancoriseduetobeing50undermorematerial,saysteammemberFelixBeuligalAarhusUniversityinDenmark.Asthetemperaturesrose,allthemicrobesthatweren't5]ofheatwouldgraduallyhavediedoff,saysteammemberFlorianSchubertattheGermanResearchCentrefbrGeosciencesinPotsdam,"Themicrobesthatcannot52,theyjustdie,^^hesays.PatrickForterreatthePasteurInstituteinParissaysthatwhilethereare53resultsshowingmicrobegrowthat106℃,nobodyhasbeenabletoexactlycopythetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat122°C."It'sverydifficultto54theuppertemperaturelimit,“hesays.Heistherefore55oftheideaofmicrobeslivingnormallyat120℃,buthedocsthinkitispossiblethattheycouldsomehowsunivcandbecameactiveagainatlowertemperatures.41.A.lifeB.energyC.bacteriaD.voyage42.A.(hinkB.researchC.practiseD.drill43.A.spreadB.figureC.separateD.reach44.A.oppositeB.evidenceC.coincidenceD.resemblance45.A.moderateB.existentC.swiftD.plentiful46.A.gameB.approachC.raceD.solution47.A.explodeB.identifyC.locateD.attack48.A.formedB.depositedC.taggedD.covered49.A.stuckonB.movedawayC.diedoffD.runout50.A.exposedB.removedC.buriedD.washed51.A.tolerantB.afraidC.tiredD.careful52.A.translateB.adaptC.escapeD.furnish53.A.variousB.falseC.reliableD.different54.A.passB.breakC.outstepD.determine55.A.capableB.doubtfulC.sickD.ignorant【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.A45.D46.C47.B48.B49.A50.C51.A52.B53.C54.D55.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是科學家發現，?些微生物可以存活到12CTC甚至更高的溫度。這一發現表明，海底沉積物中的生命可以在比之前認為的更高的溫度下生存。[41題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為只要有微生物可以利用的能量，生命就會找到一條出路。A.life生命；B.energy能量;C.bacteria細菌;D.voyage航行。由上文的°whereverthere'senergythatcanbeexploitedbymicroorganisms”和后文的“thereislifeatevenhighertemperatures”可知,句子表示“只要有微生物可以利用的能量，生命就會找到一條出路”，故選A?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：唯一的辦法就是阿I去再往深處鉆。A.ihink思考；B.research研究；C.practise練習；D.drill鉆孔。由后文的“deeper”可知，此處表示往深處鉆，故選D。43題詳解】考杳動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究人員還能夠使用一種特殊的設備分離和計數細胞。A.spread傳播；B.figure理解,弄懂;C.separate分開;D.reach到達。由后文的"andcountcellsusingaspecialdevice”可知,研究人員使用一種特殊的設備分離和計數細胞，故選C?！?4題詳解】考杳名詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓研究小組感到驚訝，因為這與在較冷的淺層沉積物中發現的情況相反。A.opposite對立的人（或物）；B.evidence證據；C.coincidence巧合；D.resemblance相似之處。由上文的“Together,thefindingsshowthatrelativelyfewcellssurviveatthesetemperatures,butthosethatdohaveveryhighmetabolic（新陳代謝的）rates”和后文的“whereitismuchcolder”可知，這與在較冷的淺層沉積物中發現的情況相反，空格處意為“對立的人（或物）"，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那里有大量的微生物，但它們的新陳代謝極其緩慢，單個微生物可能會存活數百萬年。A.moderate溫和的；B.existent現存的；C.swift快速的；D.plentiful大量的。由后文的“individualmicrobes”可知，此處表示“那里有大量的微生物”，故選D。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯德說，生存是■場賽跑。A.game游戲：B.approach方法；C.race賽跑；D.solution解決辦：去。由上文umicrobesmayneedhighmetabolismstogenerateenoughenergytorepairthisdamage”可知，微生物可能需要高代謝來產生足夠的能量來修復這種損傷，因此這是一場賽跑，故選C。【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：目前還不清楚這些喜熱或嗜熱的微生物是什么，因為研究團隊無法識別它們的DNA。A.explode爆炸；B.identify識別；C.locate定位；D.attack攻擊。由上文的“Ilisn'tclearwhattheseheat-loving,orthermophilic,microbesaren可知，研究團隊無法識別它們的DNA,所以目前還不清楚這些喜熱或嗜熱的微生物是什么，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也不清楚它們是如何出現在沉積物中的，因為在這些樣本所來自的沉積物第一次沉積下來之后，很長一段時間里，環境都非常寒冷。A.formed形成；B.deposited沉積；C.tagged給……貼標簽;D.covered覆蓋。由上文的“thesedimentsthatthesamplescamefrom”和下一段的“thesedimentsweredeposited”可知，此處表示沉積物的沉積，故選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：然而，丹麥奧胡斯大學的研究小組成員菲利克斯?貝尤利格說，當沉積物沉積時，一些嗜熱微生物可能已經存在了，由于被埋在更多的物質下，它們可能以某種方式粘在上面，直到溫度開始上升。A.stuckon貼t.；B.movedaway移開;C.diedoff相繼死亡;D.runout用完。由上文的“afewthermophilicmicrobeswouldhavebeenpresent”可知,當沉積物沉積時,一些嗜熱微生物可能已經存在了?以某種方式粘在上面，故選A。【50題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，丹麥奧胡斯大學的研究小組成員菲利克斯?貝尤利格說，當沉積物沉積時，一些嗜熱微生物可能已經存在了，由于被埋在更多的物質下，它們可能以某種方式粘在上面，直到溫度開始上升。A.exposed暴露：B.removed去除；C.buried埋葬；D.washed洗。由后文的"undermorematerialv可知，此處表示“埋在更多的物質下”，故選C。(51題詳解】考杳形容詞詞義辨析。句意：波茨坦德國地球科學研究中心的研究小組成員弗洛里安?舒伯特說，隨著溫度的上升，所有不能耐受高溫的微生物都會逐漸死亡。A.tolerant忍受的;B.afraid害怕的；C.tired累的；D.careful仔細的。由后文的“graduallyhavediedoff"可知，此處表示不能耐受高溫的微生物都會逐漸死亡,空格處意為“忍受的”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：微生物不能適應，它們就會死亡。A.iranslate翻譯;B.adapi適應；C.escape逃跑:D.furnish為(房間或房屋)配備家具。由上文的“allthemicrobesthatweren't11ofheatwouldgraduallyhavediedoff”可知,微生物不能適應,它們就會死亡,故選B。[53題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：巴黎巴斯德研究所(PasteurInstitute)的帕特里克?福泰爾(PatrickForterre)表示，雖然有可靠的結果顯示微生物在106。(2下生長，但沒有人能夠完全復制兩項聲稱微生物在122。(3下生長的實驗室研究。A.various各種各樣的;B.false錯誤的;C.reliable可靠的；D.的fferenl不同的。由后文的"nobodyhasbeenableloexactlycopy(hetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat122℃v可知,句子表示“雖然有可?靠的結果顯示微生物在106℃下生長，但沒有人能夠完全復制兩項聲稱微生物在122℃下生長的實驗室研究”，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:很難確定溫度上限。A.pass經過;B.break打破；C.outstep超過；D.determine決定，確定。由上文的“nobodyhasbeenabletoexactlycopythetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat1220C”和下文的"theuppertemperaturelimit"可知，句子表示“很難確定溫度上限”,故選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：因此，他對微生物在I2(rc下正常生存的想法持懷疑態度，但他認為它們有可能在更低的溫度下以某種方式存活并再次活躍起來。A.capable有能力的；B.doublful懷疑的：C.sick病的：D.ignorant無知的。由后文的“hedoesthinkitispossiblethattheycouldsomehowsurviveandbecameactiveagainatlowerlemperalures.”可知，句子表示“他對微生物在120℃卜正常生存的想法持懷疑態度”，故選B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Iusedtoprocrastinate(keepleavingthingsthatshouldbedoneuntillater).Yearsago,aneighborkidkickedafootballandshatteredasmallbasementwindowofourhouse.Wewereafamilyofsixlivingonasmallsalaryatthetime,so1boardeditup,thinkingI'dgettoitsomeday.However,theframewasrustedshut.Icouldn'tfixit.Overtheyears,Tdsometimesgetestimatesfromwindowpanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse.$15,000.Itwassimplyoutofreach.Onecontractorexplainedthatwhoeverreplaceditwouldneedtocutandshapebyhand,alabor-intensiveandexpensiveprocess.Honestly,thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears.EverytimeIwentdownthere,everytimeIwenttothehardwarestore,itkepttroublingme.IknewIneededtoaddressit,butIhadbuiltuptheprocess(andtheprice)somuchinmymindthatIwasunabletoact.Thenmywifehadajobchange,andweneededtomove.Apotentialbuyercouldn'tgetaloanonthepropertyiftherewasabrokenwindow.SoIpulledoff(heboardstofacethisthinghead-on.Ithadbeenatleast5years.Igrabbedsomerustremover,sprayedallaround(herustedframe,andgaveitastrongpull.Tomyastonishment,i(movedforthefirst(ime.Ipulledthewindowoutandtookitdowntown.Itwasa$12fix.Icouldhavefixedtheproblemfor$12thesamedayithappened.ButIletithauntmeforyears,shuttingoutlightandlettinginbugs.Itdidn'tneedtobethemostefficient.Itjustneededtobeawindow.OK,thisisn'treallyaboutmywindow.1meanthestoryistrue,butit'salsoadecentfable.Manyofus,especiallythosewithanxiety,tendtolivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranotherforyears.AfterIpostedmystoryonline,manysharedtheirstorieswithme.Onemenied,“Thisremindedmeofastatement,4Wesuflermoreinimaginationthaninreality.Anotherresponded,uThisiswhymybusinesspartnertellsme,'Perfectistheenemyofdone.'"Stepforward,andyou'llfindasolution.ByNathanHoweWhydidtheauthordelayfixingthebrokenwindowforyears?Hedevelopedatolerantattitude.Hewasconvincedthatthewindowwasbeyondrepair.Hethoughttherewasnoharmifleavingthewindowbroken.Hebelievedthewholeprocesstobetroublesomeandexpensive.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thethoughtofthatwindowateatme”inParagraph3?A.1(frightenedmeterribly.B.Itpuzzledmedeeply.C.Itmotivatedmeslightly.D.Itworriedmecontinuously.Whatfinallyledtotheauthor'sdeterminationtodealwiththewindow?Hiswife'sjobswitching.Thesupereffectiverustremover.Theobstacletogettingthehousesold.Thewindow'slettinginbugsbutnotlight.Whichof(hefollowingadviceistheauthorunlikelytoshareonline?Youdon'thavetofixitallnow;juststartbystarting.Makealistofthethingsyouareputtingoffandstartwiththehardest.Doingthethingisoftenlesspainfulthanthinkingaboutdoingthething.Animperfectsolutionnowisbetterthanaperfectonethatwillneverhappen.【答案】56.D57.D58.C59.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要介紹的是作者本可以在家里窗戶發生問題的當天花12美元修好，但是卻一直拖延，讓這個問題困擾自己很多年，作者覺得事情發生時，應該勇敢向前，解決問題?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“Overtheyears,Tdsometimesgetestimatesfromwindowpanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse.$15,000.Itwassimplyoutofreach.Onecontractorexplainedthatwhoeverreplaceditwouldneedtocutandshapebyhand,alabor-intensiveandexpensiveprocess.(這些年來，我有時會從櫥窗公司得到一些估算。計劃是將整棟房子的窗戶升級為節能窗戶。15000美元。費用太高了。一位承包商解釋說，無論是誰來替換它，都需要手工切割和定型，這是一個勞動密集型和昂貴的過程。)”可知，作者多年來遲遲沒有修好那扇破窗戶是因為他認為整個過程既麻煩又昂貴。故選D。詞句猜測題。根據第三段的“EverytimeIwentdownthere,everytimeIwenttothehardwarestore,itkeptiroublingme.（每次我去那里，每次我去五金店，它一直困擾著我。）”可知，這個問題一直讓作者擔心，因此“Ihethoughtofthatwindowatea（me”的意思是“Itworriedmecontinuously（它一直讓我擔心）”，故選Do【58題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段的"Thenmywifehadajobchange,andweneededtomove.Apotentialbuyercouldn'tgetaloanonthepropertyiftherewasabrokenwindow.（后來我妻子換了工作，我們需要搬家。如果房子的窗戶破了，潛在買家就無法獲得貸款。）”可知，最終讓作者下定決心處理窗戶的原因是這個窗戶成了把房子賣出去的障礙。故選C。【59題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第四段的"hdidn'tneedtobethemostefficient.Itjustneededtobeawindow.（它不需要是最高效的。它只是需要,扇窗。）”可知，A項“Youdon*havetofixitallnow;juststartbystarting.（你不需要現在就去解決所有的問題，只需要從頭開始。）”可能是作者在網上會分享的建議，根據最后一段的“Stepfbrward,andyoullfindasolution.（向前一步，你會找到解決辦法的。）可知，作者認為不要總是想，要去做,因此C項uDoingthethingisoftenlesspainfulthanthinkingaboutdoingthething.（做這件事通常沒有想做這件事那么痛苦。）”可能是作者在網上會分享的建議，根據倒數第二段的“AfterIpostedmystoryonline,manysharedtheirstorieswithme.Onemented,"Thisremindedmeofastatement,"Wesuffermoreinimaginationthaninreality.'"Anotherresponded,uThisiswhymybusinesspartnertellsme,4Perfectistheenemyofdone.’"（在我把我的故事發布到網.上后，許多人與我分享了他們的故事。有人評論說：“這讓我想起了一句話，'我們在想象中承受的痛苦比在現實中承受的要多。'”另一位回答說，“這就是為什么我的商業伙伴告訴我，'完美是完成的敵人。'"）”可知，D項“Animperfectsolutionnowisbetterthanaperfectonethatwillneverhappen.（一個不完美的解決方案總比一個永遠不會發生的完美方案要好。）”可能是作者在網上會分享的建議，因此作者不太可能在網上分享的建議是B選項“Makealistofthethingsyouarcputtingoffandstartwiththehardest.（列出你正在拖延的事情，從最難的開始。）”，故選B。(B)JWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPTheWorldBankGroup(WBG),headquarteredinWashingtonDC,haslaunchedaglobalsearchfbrtheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel.Asoneoftheworld,slargestsourcesof【答案】B【解析】［原文］M:JerryandIhavedecidedtogocampingintherainforestthissummerholiday.W:Areyoucrazy?Whydon'tyougiveitasecondthought?Q:Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'splan?.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】A.Shehadherlegbroken.B.Shelostherwalkingstick.C.Shewaslatewithherassignment.D.ShelostcontactwithLisa.【答案】A【解析】［原文］W:Howisyoursister?Iamtoooccupiedinthedeadline-drivenassignmentthesedaystocontacther.M:Muchbetter.Thanks,Lisa.Sheisoffthewalkingsticknow.Q:Whatprobablyhappenedtotheman'ssister?.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Thewomandidn'tthinkhighlyofthefilm.Themandidn'tlikethefilmbutthewomandid.Themanmissedthefilmbecauseofthewoman.Themansawthefilmupontheadviceofthewoman.【答案】D【解析】［原文］W:Well,youarebackfromthecinema.Howdidyoulikethefilm?M:1(waswellworth(heticket.Butforyourremendation,Iwouldhavemissedit.Q:Whatcanweleamfromtheman'sremarks?.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Itisrathercoolinthelecturehall.Noonewillbeabletoseewhatheiswearing.Heexpectstheweathertochangelaterintheday.Theairconditionerinthelecturehalldoesn'twork.【答案】A【解析】［原文］W:That'sanawfullyheavysweaterfbradayliketoday.developmentassistanceandglobalexpertknowledgefordevelopingcountries,theWBGbrings16,000expertsindiversefieldstoworkinmorethan100developingeconomieswithtwingoalsofendingextremepovertyandpromotingsharedprosperity.Inthatcontext,theWBGislookingforaleadertooverseetheWBG'sLegalVicePresidencywithastrongmitmenttodevelopmentandidentificationwithWBGinstitutionalvaluesofcollaboration,respect,diversityandinclusion.Onthisposition,youareexpectedtobring:IntellectualleadershipandsubstantiallegalexpertiseindevisinginnovativesolutionstoenabletheWBGtomeetitsdevelopmentalobjectivesandchallenges.Deepunderstandingofinternationallawandtheplexgeopoliticallandscapeincludingknowledgeoftheglobaldevelopmentagenda.,Strongleadershipexperiencewithatrackrecordofdeveloping,inspiringandempoweringmulticulturalteamswithinplexorganizations.,Strongmunicationskillsandabilitytobuildrelationshipswithallstakeholders(月殳東)andworkcooperativelyacrosstheWBG.TheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselwillreporttotheWBGPresidentandserveontheSeniorLeadershipTeamtoensurethesuccessoftheWBGinfulfillingitsmissionsinasustainableway.ThepositionisbasedinWashington,DC.Applicationsshouldbesubmittedby31stMarch2022.Inthepursuitofexcellence,theWBGcontinuallyemploysqualifiedindividualswithdiversebackgroundsfromaround(heglobeandisanequalopportunityandinclusiveemployerandencouragesdiversecandidatestoapply.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?CallforBankingTalentsLookingForwardtoYourArrivalAccess(oaOnce-in-a-lifeOpportunityWanted:SeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselWhatisthemiddlepartofthisadvertisementabout?A.Termsandconditions.B.Rightsandduties.C.Responsibilitiesandqualifications.D.Expectationsandpersonalrecords.Whatcanbelearnedfromthispassage?EmployeeswithvariedculturalbackgroundsarerarelyseeninWBG.WBG'smissionissolelyconcernedwithboostingeconomyindevelopedcountries.Thepositionadvertisedattachesgreatimportancetolegalandgeographicalknowledge.ThepositioninvolvesworkingundertheWBGPresident'ssupervisionandintheteam.【答案】60.D61.C62.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。是世界銀行集團招聘高級副總裁兼集團總法律顧問的廣告。【6（）題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段第一句"TheWorldBankGroup（WBG）,headquarteredinWashingtonDC,haslaunchedaglobalsearchfortheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel.（總部位于華盛頓特區的世界銀行集團（WBG）已開始在全球范圍內招聘高級副總裁兼集團總法律顧問）”可知，本文是?篇招聘廣告，所以D項44Wanted:SeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel（招聘:高級副總裁兼集團總法律顧問）”是本文最好的標題。故選D項。[61題詳解】推理判讀題。根據本文中間部分”?IntellectualleadershipandsubstantiallegalexpertiseindevisinginnovativesolutionstoenabletheWBGtomeetitsdevelopmentalobjectivesandchallenges.,Deepunderstandingofinternationallawandtheplexgeopoliticallandscapeincludingknowledgeoftheglobaldevelopmentagenda.,Strongleadershipexperiencewithatrackrecordofdeveloping,inspiringandempoweringmulticulturalteamswithinplexorganizations.*StronginunicationskillsandabilitytobuildrelationshipswithallstakeholdersandworkcooperativelyacrosstheWBG.（?在制定創新解決方案方面發揮智慧領導力和豐富的法律專業知識，使世行集團能夠實現其發展目標和挑戰。?深刻理解國際法和復雜的地緣政治格局，了解全球發展議程。?具有豐富的領導經驗，在復雜的組織中發展、激勵和授權多元文化團隊。?具有較強的溝通能力，能夠與所有股東建立良好的關系，并在整個世行集團內開展合作。）“可知，中間部分是對應聘者職責和資格的要求。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節理解題。根據表格最后部分的第一段“TheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselwillreporttotheWBGPresidentandserveontheSeniorLeadershipTeamtoensurethesuccessoftheWBGinfulfillingitsmissionsinasustainableway.（高級副行長兼集團總法律顧問將向世行集團行長匯報匚作，并加入世行集團高級領導團隊，以確保世行集團以可持續的方式成功完成其使命）”可知，該職位需要在世界銀行行長的監督下在團隊中工作。故選D項。(C)WhenCarolynKurlefirstvisitedAlaska'sHawadaxIsland,thenknownasRatIsland,sheimmediatelynoticedthesilence.tkWhenyou'reonanislandihal'sneverhadrats,it'sjustlikebirdseverywhere—it'sreallyloud,“shesays."Sowhenyougettoanislandthatdoeshaverats,youreallynoticebecauseit'scacophonyversusquiet.,,NowadaysHawadaxisonceagainanoisyplace.Roughlyadecadeafterasuccessfulefforttoridtheislandofitspredatoryrodents（捕食性嚙齒動物），amassofseabirdshasreturned.Andthebenefitshaveextendedacrosstheisland'sentireseashoreecosystem,whichisagainfullofdiverselife.Thesefindings,publishedinScientificReports,showthatcertainecosystemscanrecoverwithsurprisingspeedifgiventhechance.“Thisstudyisanexampleofsomethingpositive（hatcanhappenwhenwehumanstakeactiontocleanupafterourselves,5,saysKurle,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandaconservationecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.uItalsohighlightshoweverythingisinterlinked,especiallyincoastalsystems.”ThegreedyrodentscolonizedHawadaxafteraJapaneseshipwreckinthe1780s.andtheyquicklywipedoutseabirdmunities.Kurlc'sfirstfindings,publishedin2008,showedthattheratsaffectednotjustbirdsbuttheentirefoodchain-allthewaydowntoalgae（藻類）.Withoutbirdstoeatseashoreinvertebrates（無脊椎動物），populationsofsnailsandotherspeciesfeedingonplantsexplodedandconsumedmuchofthemarinekelp（巨藻）,whichprovidescrucialhabitatfbrotherorganisms.t4Certaininvasivespeciescanhaveimpactsbeyondthosethataremostobvious,MKurlesays.ThoseearlyfindingsinspiredtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService,inpartnershipwithTheNatureConservancyandIslandConservation,towipeouttheratsbydroppingpoisononHawadax.Kurleandhercolleaguessecuredfundingtosurveytheisland5and11yearsaftertakingtheaction.TheyfoundthatitsecosystemhadsteadilyrecoveredandnowresemblesthatofotherAleutianIslandsthatwereneverinvadedbyrats,withsignificantlyfewermarineinvertebratesandmuchmorekelpcover.“Veryfewrat-eradicationprojectshavefocusedontheimpactonmarineecosystems,sotheHawadaxIslandcaseisreallynoteworthy,saysUniversityofTennessee.Knoxville,ecologistDanielSimberloff,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Thisisaverycool,elegantresultfromanacademicecology