高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAftertwonightsofstayinginherapartmentinHoustonwithoutpower，FeliciaMatenhadnorunningwater，herfingersandtoeshurtingfromthecold.Shehuddledunderblanketswithhermotheranddaughter，togetherusingtheirbreathtowarmthemselvesagainstfreezingtemperaturesthatweren’tlettingup.Shedrovearoundlookingforahotel.Butshecouldn’tfindanavailableroom，andtheroadsweredangerous.Finally，aneighborsuggestedshegotoGalleryFurniture.Theowner，Jim“MattressMack”McIngvale，openedoneofhislocalstoresasashelterforTexasresidentsdisplacedbythewinterstorms.Duringthethreedaysthemakeshiftshelterwasopen，thousandsofpeoplecameinforfoodandwarmthandhundredssleptover.“Itmeantsomuchtohavesomebodywhodoesn’tevenknowuscarethatmuch，”Matensaid.“Thatmanisfulloflove.”Thisisn’tthefirsttimeMcIngvalehasopenedhisdoorstopeopleinweatheremergencies.HedidsoduringHurricanesKatrinain2005andHarveyin2017.McIngvalebeganpreparingforthewinterstormaweekinadvancebybuying15,000gallonsofdieseltopowerthestore’sgeneratorforaweekorso.HetookCOVID-19precautionsbyprovidingsecurityhandsanitization(殺菌)andmasks.McIngvalegotthewordoutabouttheshelterthroughthebusiness’socialmediafollowingandnewscoverage.Heandhisemployeesmadespecificaccommodationsforpeople，suchasthosewithbabieswhoneedbottleswarmedorseniorcitizenswhoneedoxygentankspluggedin.“Hewasservingfood，handingoutwater，goingaroundcheckingonpeople.”saidJacyWadhams，anotherTexasresidentlivingintheareafor15years.“Hereallytakesprideinwhathedoes.He’sanamazingperson.”“Webelievethatweallhaveresponsibilityforthewellbeingofthecommunityandwhentimesgettoughwetrytoopenourdoorsandletpeoplecomeinandregroup，”saidMcIngvale.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了McIngvale救助他人的故事，他是一個有愛心、有責任心的人，我們應向他學習這些美好的品質。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“huddled”inParagraph1mean?A．Warmedup. B．Stayedhidden.C．Keptcalm. D．Crowdedtogether.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句句意可推知她們一起“擠在”毯子下面來抵御低溫，所以huddled的意思是“擠在一起”，故選D項。2．WhydidMatendrivetofindahotelinspiteofdanger?A．Shehadpowerfailureandnorunningwaterathome.B．Theextremefreezingweatherwouldcontinue.C．GalleryFurnitureopenedfortheresidents.D．Hermotheranddaughteraskedhertofindone.答案A解析細節理解題。根據第一段中“AftertwonightsofstayinginherapartmentinHoustonwithoutpower，FeliciaMatenhadnorunningwater，herfingersandtoeshurtingfromthecold.”可知，Maten不顧危險開車出去找酒店是因為家里斷水斷電了，故選A項。3．WhatcanweinferfromthesixthparagraphaboutMcIngvale?A．Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.B．Hehasatalentformanaging.C．Heisaveryconsiderateman.D．Heisalow-keyperson.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據第六、七段內容可知McIngvale樂于助人，且給他人提供了很好的幫助，由此可知他是一個體貼周到的人，故選C項。4．WhatcanwelearnfromMcIngvaleaccordingtothetext?A．Tobeabusinessmanwithconscience.B．Tobealovingandresponsibleperson.C．Tocreateawell-knownbrandofproduct.D．Tofightbravelyagainstbadweather.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句可知，他是一個有愛心的人。根據最后一段McIngvale項。B(2022·山東泰山肥城摸底考)Chimpsuseloudcallsandgesturestomaketheirfeelingsknownbutuntilnow，theexactmeaningforindividualmovementshasremainedamystery.Nowresearchersbelievetheyhavetranslatedthekeygesturesusedinthechimpcommunityandidentifiedtheirintentionsforthefirsttime.From4,351gestures，expertswereabletoidentify66thatareusedfor19specificmessagemeanings，includingshowingafoottotellachildtheycanclimbontheirback.Theresearcherswereabletonarrowdownthese66gesturesto36thatareusedintentionallytoachieve15purposes.ThetranslationsweremadebyDrCatherineHobaiterandhercolleaguesatStAndrewsUniversityinScotland.DrHobaiterusedbehaviorsamplingandfilmedallrecordedcasesofgesturalcommunication.Othergesturesincludestompingtheirfeettoaskanotherchimptostopwhattheyaredoing，andslappingobjectstogethertoaskanothertofollowthem.Ofthe19meanings,17encouragedinteractionstostart，ortodevelop，suchas“movecloser，”and“changeplay”．Someofthegestureswerefoundtohavemorethanonemeaning.andonly10ofthe66gestureswereusedforonlyasinglemeaning.Researcherscollectedatotalof471videoclipsfromtwosocialgroupsofchimpsatashelternearKinshasa，DemocraticRepublicofCongo.Aswellasidentifyingwhatthegesturemeans，theyalsodiscoveredthetechniqueneededtoincreasethechancesofsuccess.“Humanchildrenusegesturestocommunicatebeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords，andtheirearliestgesturestypicallyappeararound10monthsofage，”explainedtheresearchers.“Ingreatapes，thereisgoodevidencethatlanguage-trainedindividualsarecapableofacquiringandunderstandingsignals，butthisisfarlessclearintheirnaturalcommunication.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了研究人員相信他們已經翻譯了黑猩猩群體中使用的關鍵手勢，并首次確定了它們的意圖。文章詳細介紹了這項關于翻譯黑猩猩手語的研究過程以及研究的發現。5．Chimpsslaptheobjectsto.A．tellotherchimpstostopwhattheyaredoingB．askotherchimpstojointhemC．gatherotherchimpstomovecloserD．encourageinteractionstostart答案B解析細節理解題。根據第三段的“...slappingobjectstogethertoaskanothertofollowthem.”可知，黑猩猩拍打物體是為了邀請其他黑猩猩加入。故選B。6．Whatdidresearchersfindafterstudying471videoclips?A．Chimpstrainedinlanguagearegoodatunderstandingsignals.B．TwosocialgroupsofchimpsliveatashelternearKinshasa.C．Language-trainedindividualsdowellinnaturalcommunication.D．Chimps’earliestgesturesappeararound10monthsofage.答案A解析細節理解題。根據最后一段的“Ingreatapes，thereisgoodevidencethatlanguage-trainedindividualsarecapableofacquiringandunderstandingsignals”可知，研究人員在研究了471個視頻片段后發現受過語言訓練的黑猩猩善于理解信號。故選A。7．Howisthelastparagraphdeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Byexaminingdifferences.C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Byfollowingtimeorder.答案C解析寫作手法題。根據最后一段中研究人員解釋說：“人類兒童在第一次說話之前就使用手勢進行交流，他們最早的手勢通常出現在10個月大的時候。有充分的證據表明，在類人猿中，受過語言訓練的個體有能力獲取和理解信號，但這在它們自然的交流中遠遠不夠清晰。”可推知，最后一段是通過作比較展開的。故選C。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ANewResearchonChimpsB．HumanChildrenandChimpsC．GettingtheChimpsTrainedforLanguageD．TranslatingtheSignLanguageofChimps答案D解析標題歸納題。結合全文內容可知，文章詳細介紹了關于翻譯黑猩猩手語的研究過程以及研究的發現。可知，D選項“翻譯黑猩猩的手語”最適合作文章標題。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空Janela，ajudgeforGuinnessWorldRecords(GWR)，saysitisthemostfunhe’shadsincejoiningtheGWRorganizationin2009.Asajudge，Janelahastraveledtheglobe1record-settingevents.Hehasdealtwitheverything2thelargestnumberofpeoplemakingsandwichesatthesametime.Eachyear，Janelajudgesbetween15and203.Ofcourse，Janela’sjobisn’tall4andgames.“TobecomeaGuinnessWorldRecords5，Ihadtoreceiveseveralmonthsof6andtaketests，”hesays.“Todowellinthisrole，youneedarealdepthof7—fromfoodtosports—becauseyoucan8anything.”Thenthere’stherecordtracking.Therearemorethan50,000GuinnessWorldRecordsentriesintheorganization’sdatabase.Eachweek，morethan1,0009arereceivedfrompeople10tobreakanexcitingrecordorestablishanewworldrecordcategory.AstheU．S.contentmanagerforGWR，Janelaworkswithateamof1011researchingrecords，establishingrulesfornewrecordsandorganizingrecordcategories.As12asitcanbetoseenewworldrecordsset，thebiggest13toJanela’sjobisbeingfactualandfair.“Sometimesit’s14toseeapersonorgrouptryinghardtobreakarecordbutnotcomingclose，”hesays.“Butremaining15isalwaysourNo.1goalinrecordkeeping.”eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了吉尼斯世界紀錄大全的一名評委Janela以及他的工作。)1．A.witnessing B．sponsoringC．supporting D．attending答案A解析witness目擊，親眼所見；sponsor贊助，發起；support支持；attend出席。根據句意可知，Janela作為一名評委，“見證”了吉尼斯破紀錄的事件。故選A項。2．A.about B．likeC．except D．with答案B解析about關于；like比如，例如；except除……以外；with和……一起。下文“thelargestnumberofpeoplemakingsandwichesatthesametime”是對前文everything舉的一個例子，like“比如”，符合句意。故選B項。3．A.sports B．itemsC．accidents D．events答案D解析sport運動；item項目；accident事故；event賽事，事件。由上文中的“record-settingevents”可知，此處是原詞復現。故選D項。4．A.satisfaction B．successC．fun D．luck答案C解析satisfaction滿意；success成功；fun趣味；luck好運。根據上文“...saysitwasthemostfunhe’shad...”可知，吉尼斯世界紀錄充滿了樂趣，此處是不完全否定，意為“并不全是娛樂和游戲”。故選C項。5．A.organizer B．playerC．researcher D．judge答案D解析organizer組織者；player運動員；researcher研究者；judge裁判，評委。由文章開頭“Janela，ajudgeforGuinnessWorldRecords(GWR)”可知，Janela是一名評委，此處是“為了做評委”。故選D項。6．A.meetingB．trainingC．separationD．competition答案B解析meeting會議；training訓練；separation分離；competition競賽。由前文“receiveseveralmonths”及后文“taketests”可知，要做評委工作，需要接受培訓。故選B項。7．A.exercise B．courageC．wealth D．knowledge答案D解析exercise練習；courage勇氣；wealth財富；knowledge知識。根據后文“fromfoodtosports—becauseyoucananything”可知，紀錄項目五花八門，豐富多彩，做評委需要淵博的“知識”。故選D項。8．A.observe B．catchC．win D．find答案A解析observe觀察；catch抓住；win贏；find找到，發現。因為評委工作的特點是觀察評價，所以應用“observe”。故選A項。9．A.records B．applicationsC．opinions D．suggestions答案B解析record記錄；application申請；opinion觀點，意見；suggestion建議。根據常識，要參加大賽，需要先申請，后參加。故選B項。10．A.managing B．choosingC．hoping D．promising答案C解析manage設法做到；choose選擇；hope希望；promise許諾。根據前文“Eachweek，morethan1,000arereceivedfrompeople”和后文“tobreakanexcitingrecordor項。11．A.anxiousabout B．interestedinC．proudof D．responsiblefor答案D解析(be)anxiousabout對……焦慮；(be)interestedin對……感興趣；(be)proudof以……驕傲；(be)responsiblefor對……負責。根據前文“AstheU．S.contentmanagerforGWR”可知，后文是Janela及其團隊“負責”的工作。故選D項。12．A.exciting B．strangeC．easy D．difficult答案A解析exciting激動人心的；strange奇怪的，陌生的；easy容易的；difficult困難的。根據常識，創造新的世界紀錄是令人興奮的。故選A項。13．A.doubt B．advantageC．challenge D．progress答案C解析doubt懷疑；advantage優點；challenge挑戰；progress進步。根據語義以及后文“Janela’sjobisbeingfactualandfair”可知，Janela的工作也具有“挑戰性”。故選C項。14．A.convenient B．hardC．important D．fair答案B解析convenient方便的；hard困難的，難以忍受的；important重要的；fair公平的。看到人們為了破紀錄盡力拼搏，而以失敗告終，評委也難以忍受。故選B項。15．A.objective B．practicalC．patient D．honest答案A解析objective客觀的；practical實際的；patient耐心的；honest誠實的。雖然看到人們為創紀錄拼搏最終失敗而于心不忍，但是也要保持客觀公正。故選A項。Ⅲ.語法填空TangZhenyahasworkedasapostmanoftheChinaPostLaozishanTownshipBranch，JiangsuProvinceforover20years.Withnearlyhalfofitspopulationlivingonfishing，localresidentseitherinhabit(居住于)theirown1.(boat)orlivealongtheshoreline.Tangisadiligentpostalemployee2.beginssortinghisparcelsat7a．m.everyday.Hewilldeliverparcelstothoselivingonlandfirstandthensetout3.(visit)thefishermenonHongzeLakeintheafternoon，whichissometimes4.(danger)．InJuly2003，hewasdeliveringanoticeofuniversity5.(admit)toastudent.Tangrowedtheboatallacrossthelake.Itwasfloodseasonan