UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLAND核心單詞閱讀詞匯1.airlinen.航空公司2.bayn.(海或湖的)灣3.antiquen.古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的4.peakn.頂峰；山峰；尖形5.goatn.山羊6.grizzlybearn.灰熊7.malln.購物商場；購物廣場8.prairien.北美草原9.quarryn.采石場10.idiomn.習語；成語adv.在旁邊11.alongsideprep.在……旁邊；與……一起12.duskn.黃昏；傍晚14.coherentadj.有條理的；清楚易懂的13.cobblestoneadj.鋪有鵝卵石的

高頻詞匯1.________vi.起身；出現；由……引起2.________adj.準備前往(某地)；一定會3.________adj.令人驚嘆的；可怕的；很好的4.___________adj.壯觀的；壯麗的；驚人的n.壯麗場面；精彩的表演ariseboundawesomespectacular5.________n.束；串；捆6.________n.窗簾bunchcurtainborder7.________n.國界；邊界(地區)harbour/harborcontraryanyhow8._____________n.(海)港；港口9._________adj.相反的；相對立的n.相反的事實(或事情)10.__________adv.(結束交談或轉移話題時)不過；反正11.________vi.行進；繼續做12.________n.口音proceedaccenttoastvt.為……干杯

13.________n.烤面包片；吐司；干杯vi.烤(尤其面包)

拓展詞匯1.craftn.手藝；工藝；技藝→________adj.靈巧的；狡猾的→__________n.工匠；手藝人；技工craftycraftsman2.________adj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasuren.高興；快樂→________adj.高興的；開心的pleasantpleased3.massn.大量；塊；團→________adj.巨大的；非常嚴重的4.literaladj.逐字的→__________adv.字面上；真正地→____________n.文學massiveliterallyliterature5._______n.呼吸的空氣→breathev.呼吸→_________adj.氣喘吁吁的breathbreathless6.scenen.現場；情景；景色→__________adj.風景優美的→__________n.風景；景色scenicscenery7.________n.最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；強調；使醒目→highlightedadj.突出的highlightdrill8.________vi.&vt.鉆(孔)；打(眼)n.鉆(頭)；訓練；演習→drillableadj.可鉆孔的；可操練的freezefrozen

9.________vi.&vt.結冰；(使)凍住→freezingadj.極冷的；冰凍的→________adj.冷凍的；嚇呆的；驚呆的

10.____________vt.預料；預見；期望→___________anticipateanticipationn.預期；預料n.

11.________vi.打雷；轟隆隆地響；轟隆隆地快速移動雷聲；轟隆聲→thunderousadj.雷鳴般的；聲音很大的12.________n.霜；嚴寒天氣；霜凍vt.使蒙上霜vi.結霜→frostyadj.結霜的；嚴寒的；冷淡的thunderfrost13.duringprep.在……的時候→________n.持續時間；期間14.___________vi.&vt.(使)加入；注冊；登記→enrolmentn.登記注冊；入伍；入學的人數durationenroll/enrol15.________n.岸；濱→ashoreadv.在岸上adj.在岸上的；在陸上的→__________n.海(湖)岸線shoreshoreline

16.________vt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚→astonishingadj.令人吃驚的→___________adj.吃驚的→____________n.吃驚；驚訝

17.________n.薄霧；水汽→mistyadj.多霧的；模糊的

18.steeln.鋼；鋼鐵工業→________adj.鋼鐵般的；頑強的；冷酷的astonishastonishedastonishmentmist19.advertisementn.(informalad)廣告；啟事→____________v.宣傳；(給……)做廣告→___________n.登廣告的人steely20.photographn.相片v.(給……)拍照→___________n.攝影師；拍照者→_____________n.攝影advertiseadvertiser21.________vt.欠(賬、債、情等)→owingadj.欠著的；應付的；未付的(續表)photographerphotographyowe

聯想積累【派生構詞】1.advertise＋ment(動詞＋名詞后綴-ment＝同義名詞)①astonish＋ment吃驚②amaze＋ment吃驚2.freeze＋ing(動詞＋形容詞后綴-ing＝形容詞)①astonish＋ing吃驚的②fascinate(去e)＋ing迷人的3.literal＋ly(形容詞＋副詞后綴-ly＝副詞)①final＋ly最后；終于②general＋ly普遍地；廣泛地【合成構詞】any＋how(形容詞＋副詞＝新副詞)①any＋where無論何處②some＋how以某種方式；不知怎么地重點短語1.rather________而不是thantakeaway2.________sb.'sbreath________令人驚嘆bunch3.a________of一束；一串；一群；大量4.contrary________相反的；相對立的to5.________tosth.進而做(參加)6.be____________todo吃驚于……proceed7.incontrast________與……相比；對照toto8.owesth.________sb.欠(某人情)；把……歸功于某人astonished精選佳句教材原句arosepassingthrough

1.Thenextmorning,thetwogirls________earlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,__________________theCanadianRockies.第二天早上，兩個女孩早早起床，坐火車去路易斯湖，穿過加拿大的落基山脈。

句式結構

句式1：本句中passingthroughtheCanadianRockies是現在分詞短語在句中作狀語教材原句freezingcoldwith

2.Edmontonis________________inwinter,________dailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.冬天的埃德蒙頓非常寒冷，日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。

句式結構

句式2：with＋sth.＋doing，是with的復合結構教材原句Itwasthat

3.________________notuntil9：30a.m.________theyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.直到上午9點30分，她們才終于到達安大略省的首府多倫多。

句式結構

句式3：Itwasnotuntil＋被強調部分＋that...，是強調句型教材原句Shouldarise

4.________theopportunity________，I'dlovetogotoCanada.如果將來有機會，我很想去加拿大。

句式結構

句式4：Shouldtheopportunityarise是條件狀語從句的倒裝句，相當于Iftheopportunityshouldarise，是表示將來的虛擬語氣

課文復現

LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwenttoCanada1.________(visit)theircousinsinHalifaxontheAtlanticcoast.TheyflewtoVancouveron2.________Pacificcoastanddecidedtoadmirethe3.________(shore)ofLakeOntario.tovisittheshores

ThentheytookthetraintoLakeLouisewheretheysawbluewaterwhichliterallytook4.________(they)breathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.Later,thetrainrannorthtoJasper.Onthewaytheirtheyenjoyedthespectacularmountainpeaksandforests,seeingmanydifferentcreatures,5.________(include)deer,mountaingoatsandsoon.FromJasper,theycaughtthetraintowardsEdmonton,thecentreofCanada'shugeoilandgasdrillingindustry,6.________thereisalsooneofthelargestshoppingmallsinNorthAmerica.FromMontreal,incontrast7.________Toronto,theyheardpeopletalkinginFrench,whichwastruly8.___________(astonish).includingwheretoastonishingwereFinally

Afteranotherdayonthetrain,theyarrivedatWinnipeg.Thetrainthunderedonandtheyfoundthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindows9.________(be)red,goldandorange.10.________(final),theyreachedToronto.Allinall,theirtripfromVancouvertoTorontohadtakenadurationoffourdays.單句語法填空frozenarosebreathetofor

1.Thepipeshave________(freeze),sowe'vegotnowater. 2.He________(arise)atdawntocatchthefirstbus. 3.TheairwassothinthatIcouldhardly________(breath). 4.Thegovernmenthasdecidedthatthepublicationofthereportwouldbecontrary________thepublicinterest. 5.Itisstronglysuggestedthatyoutakeaplanebound________Paris.6.Whenit__________(thunder),aloudnoisecomesfromtheskyafteraflashoflightning.thunderspleasant/pleasing7.It'salways_________________(please)todowhatyou'regoodatdoing.anticipationadvertisementstorecruit

8.Thekingextendedtheperiodofthetrialin_____________(anticipate)ofobjectionsfromtheHarrisons'enemies. 9.Somecontemporary_______________(advertise)mainlyaimtomakecontributionstosociety. 10.Unfortunately,theyallowedhisnoticetoexpirewithoutfurtheractionandproceeded__________(recruit)newemployees.1.arisevi.(arose,arisen)起身；出現；由……引起

【原句】Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.(教材P38)第二天早上，兩個女孩早早起床，坐火車去路易斯湖，穿過加拿大的落基山脈。【典例】①Severalnewindustriesaroseinthetown.城里出現了好幾種新行業。②Thecivilwararosefromthesocialinjusticespresentinthecountry.內戰是由國內現存的社會不公所引起的。【歸納】arisefrom由……引起；起因于ariseoutof起于單詞過去式/分詞詞義例句arisearose/arisen不及物動詞，意為“起身；出現；由……引起”Anewproblemhasarisen.一個新的問題出現了。riserose/risen不及物動詞，意為“上升；升起；增長”Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽從東方升起。raiseraised/raised及物動詞，意為“籌集；舉起；提高；飼養；撫養”Heraisedhishandtoanswerthequestion.他舉手回答問題。【辨析】arise,rise與raise

【拓展】

表示“由于；因為”的短語有：becauseof,thanksto,owingto,asaconsequenceof,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof,resultfrom。

【即學即用】單句語法填空arose(1)HeavyMetalmusicreally_________(arise)inthelate60s.一句多譯，每空一詞outof

(2)當她冷靜下來的時候，她察覺到了夢中許多場景是由前幾天白天中的影像和想象所引發的。 →Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturallyarisen________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.arisenfrom

→Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturally________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.2.boundadj.準備前往(某地)；一定會

【原句】Theyspentthenight,andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.(教材P38)她們過了一夜，然后乘坐長途汽車，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脈，來到賈斯珀。

【典例】①Theyareboundtotaketimetoreadjustafteraholiday.他們肯定需要時間重新適應假期結束后的生活。②IboardedtheplaneboundforEngland.我登上了飛往英格蘭的飛機。【歸納】beboundby受……約束；由……聯系起來beboundtodosth.一定會做某事；有責任/有義務做某事boundfor...準備前往……【拓展】boundv.跳；彈回boundup躍上beboundup和……緊密聯系【即學即用】bytopassfor

單句語法填空

(1)Youmaybetightlybound________dailyclasses,abundanthomeworkandfrequentexams. (2)Takeiteasy!Youarebound________(pass)theexam. (3)Theplanebound________theflood-strickenareacarriedmedicalandfood.boundtohappen完成句子，每空一詞(4)有時候錯誤肯定會發生。Mistakesare________________________sometimes.

3.owevt.欠(賬、債、情等)；歸功于

【原句】That'stoobad.Youoweittoyourselvestostaylonger.(教材P44)那太糟糕了。你們應該多待一會兒。

【典例】 ①Shestillowesherfather￡3，000.＝Shestillowes￡3，000toherfather.她還欠她父親3，000英鎊。 ②Youoweittoyourselftogetsomeprofessionalhelp.你應該為了自己尋求專業人士的幫助。③So,whatdoweoweyouforallthisprogress？這樣的治療效果，我們該給你多少錢？【歸納】owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物；把……歸功于某人oweittosb.that...把……歸功于某人oweittoyourselftodosth.自己應該做某事owefor欠……的錢【拓展】owingto由于；因為【即學即用】單句語法填空toOwingowesfor

(1)IknewthatIowedmylife__________thedoctorsandnurses. (2)___________(owe)tohisillness,Petercouldn'tkeepupwiththerestoftheclass.

完成句子，每空一詞

(3)他去年夏天買東西欠的錢還未還呢！

Hestill________________whatheboughtlastsummer!1.takesb'sbreathaway令人驚嘆【原句】Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.(教材P38)火車抵達后，她們乘坐出租車來到路易斯湖，那里湛藍的湖水異常美麗，令她們驚嘆不已。【典例】

①Lifeisnotthemomentthatyoubreathe,lifeisthemomentthattakeyourbreathaway.生活的意義不是你活著，而是那些令你絲絲心動的時刻。

②Mothertookadeepbreathofsweetpineryairandgazedoutovertheglitteringlake.空氣含著松樹的芬芳，母親深深地吸了一口氣，看著波光晶耀的湖水。【拓展】takeadeepbreath深呼吸catchabreath喘口氣outofbreath上氣不接下氣holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸【即學即用】單句語法填空away

(1)Truelovecansweepyouoffyourfeet.Lovecantakeyourbreath________.

完成句子，每空一詞

(2)當我們氣喘吁吁地到達車站時，火車已經離開一個小時了。outofbreath

Whenwegottothetrainstation______________________，thetrainhadleftforhalfanhour.2.contraryto相反的；相對立的

【原句】Well,contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina,actually.(教材P43)事實上，與許多人所認為的相反，中國有很多空曠的地方。【典例】Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.與通常的看法相反，適度的運動事實上會降低食欲。【拓展】onthecontrary正相反；相反的是tobecontraryto違背；與……相反tothecontrary相反；與此相反quitethecontrary恰恰相反；正相反【即學即用】單句語法填空to(1)Contrary________whatIthought,hehasprovedtobesuccessful.Onthecontrary

完成句子，每空一詞

(2)正相反，我們應該加強和他們的合作。

________________________，weshouldstrengthenourcooperationwiththem.(3)這些話她全聽到了，卻沒有反駁，好在國王非常愛她，所以并不相信這些話。tothecontrary

Sheheardallthisandcouldsaynothing________________________，buttheKingwouldnotbelieveit,ceedtosth.進而做(參加)

【原句】...theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMontreal...(教材P44)……離出發到下一站蒙特利爾前，她們只有幾個小時的時間……【典例】①Iloveit.Let'sproceedwiththisplan.我喜歡。我們就照這計劃進行吧。②Theywillproceedtobuildanotherlaboratorybuilding.他們將著手建造另一座實驗大樓。【拓展】proceedagainst控告某人，控訴proceedwithsth.繼續某事proceedtodosth.繼續做某事proceedto...前去……【即學即用】單句語法填空withtotoexplain

(1)Idon'twanttodisturbyou;proceed________yourwork. (2)PassengersforParisshouldproceed________gate28forboarding. (3)Pleaseproceed______________(explain)ittousindetail.1.Edmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.(教材P38)冬天的埃德蒙頓非常寒冷，日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。【剖析】

本句中withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃是with的復合結構。【典例】

①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解D)Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.情商是對頭腦和心靈的關注，可能有助于為我們指引正確的方向。②Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行車被偷了，她只好步行回家。

【注意】

復合結構作介詞with

的復合賓語，復合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當，第二部分補足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當。

【即學即用】單句語法填空leadingclosed

(1)Withtheboy________(lead)theway,theyeasilyfoundthehouse. (2)Theysattogetheraroundthetable,withthedoor________(close).

2.Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.(教材P39)直到上午9點30分，她們才終于到達安大略省的首府多倫多。【剖析】

本句中Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.that...是一個強調句型，被強調的部分是時間狀語until9：30a.m.。【典例】

Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofwebbrowserthatinternetbegantobepopular.直到發明了網頁瀏覽器，因特網才開始流行起來。【注意】

對not...until...結構強調，要用Itis/wasnotuntil...that...這一固定句型。由于not已經前移，that后只能用肯定形式。和not...until...的倒裝句要分清。如：Notuntil11o'clocklastnightdidmyfatherreturn.(倒裝句)【點津】

強調句中的時態只用兩種，一般現在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時，用Itwas，其余的時態用Itis。【即學即用】單句語法填空that(1)He'snotwillingtotellmewhatitis________istroublinghim.Itwasnotuntil句式改寫，每空一詞(2)Themanwasnotabletospeakuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed.that

→________________________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanwasabletospeak.(改為強調句)Notuntilwas

→________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanabletospeak.(改為倒裝句)3.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecauseweweresotired.(教材P41)我們一到旅館就上床睡覺了，因為我們太累了。【剖析】

本句使用了assoonas引導時間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。【典例】①AssoonasIhadmadethefinaldecision,Ifeltalotmorerelaxed.我一作出最后的決定就感覺輕松多了。②OnarrivinginBeijing,hecalledmeup.他一到北京就給我打了電話。【注意】表示“一……

就……”的表達還有：on/upondoing...,immediately/directly/instantly,themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant。【即學即用】一句多譯，每空一詞immediately他一坐下就開始工作。(1)Hegotdowntobusiness_____________hesatatthedesk.(2)Hegotdowntobusiness___________________________hesatatthedesk.themoment/minute/instant(3)Hegotdowntobusiness________________________hesatatthedesk.assoonasOn/Uponsitting(4)_________________atthedesk,hegotdowntobusiness.【題目】假定你是英國的Smith,打算來中國旅行，請你給你的中國筆友李華寫一封信，要點如下：1.你的旅行計劃：北京——泰山——杭州；2.征求他的建議并詢問他是否愿意充當你的導游。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：故宮theForbiddenCity;泰山MountTaiDearLiHua，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，Smith參考范文：DearLiHua，I'mexcitedtopayavisittoChinanextmonth.Myarrangementsareasfollows.Firstofall,IplantovisitBeijing,thecapitalofChina,whereIamlookingfrowardtoenjoyingtheGreatWall,theForbiddenCityandsomebeautifulparks.ThenIintendtoproceedtoMountTaiinShandongProvince,whichIhavebeendreamingofvisitingsincemychildhood.Ican'twaittoenjoytheamazingscenerythere.Afterthat,IwillheadforHangzhou.Itissaidthatitisamoderncitywithnaturalsightswhichwilltakemybreathaway.I'veheardthattheWestLakeisawell-knowntouristattraction.Whatdoyouthinkofmyplan?WillyouactasmyguideandbereadytoofferhelpwheneverIneedit?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，Smith【步驟分解】應用文一般現在時和一般將來時★步