1、Period 4 Grammar -Past participle as attribute and predicative1. To master the basic usage of past participle as attribute and predicative. 2. To learn to use past participle in the real situation through self-study and practice.3. To help students be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty o

2、f English. Learning Aims John Snow was a doctor who became 1 when thinking about helping patients. At the time when he lived, many people died of cholera. There were two theories 2 how cholera killed people, however, John Snow suspected the one thinking people absorbed the disease into their bodies

3、with meals was correct but he needed evidence. In 1854 he found that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people3 to cholera died in a short time. He did the research and concluded that the water in the streets was to blame. People were 4 not to drink 5 water an

4、y more. Finally, cholera was6 . explainingFill in the blank with the words that you hear.inspiredexposedinstructedpolluteddefeated【觀察思考】(1) polluted water 與people exposed to cholera這兩個(gè)答案有什么區(qū)別(2) two theories explaining how cholera killed people 與people exposed to cholera這兩個(gè)答案有什么區(qū)別(3) become inspired

5、 ；be instructed；這兩個(gè)答案有什么區(qū)別？總結(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般兼有 被動(dòng) 和 完成 的意義，常放在被修飾詞的 前面 。 一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1、單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般兼有被動(dòng)和完成的意義，常作前置定語(yǔ)。 eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的動(dòng)物 a used stamp 一枚用過(guò)的郵票 an injured finger 一根受傷的手指 a broken coin 一枚破損的硬幣 a lighted candle 一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭 (1) So many thousands of terrified people died every time there wa

6、s an outbreak.(2) He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.(3) The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.【注意】：（1）過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)只有被動(dòng)意義。 e.g.：spoken English 英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ) written exercises 書(shū)面

7、練習(xí)（2）少數(shù)表示位移或狀態(tài)改變的不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只有完成的意義fallen leaves 落葉 the risen sun 升起來(lái)的太陽(yáng)the advanced countries 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 a drunken man 一個(gè)醉鬼a returned student 一名留學(xué)生 a retired teacher 一名退休教師an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯 by-gone days 過(guò)去的歲月【觀察思考】(1) He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(

8、2) He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.總結(jié)：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般置于其所修飾的名詞 之后 ，表示 被動(dòng) 和或 完成 意義。其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 定語(yǔ) 從句，但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中總結(jié)：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)主要表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。He looked worried after reading the letters. 看完信后,他顯得很憂慮.1.用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作

9、的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng),句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by短語(yǔ)。 The glass was broken. The glass was broken by Tom. The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.狀態(tài)動(dòng)作動(dòng)作狀態(tài)3.表示“感覺(jué)流露”的一些過(guò)去分詞(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過(guò)去 分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用 作表語(yǔ),表示

10、狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無(wú)被動(dòng) 意味。 How did the audience receive the new play? They got very excited. She was very disappointed to hear the result. Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners. How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results.be prepared to do be devoted tobe

11、determined to dobe worried aboutbe concerned aboutbe absorbed in doing/sthbe linked tobe faced withbe buried in準(zhǔn)備好做某事致力于，專心于決心做擔(dān)心關(guān)心/擔(dān)心專注于與相聯(lián)系面對(duì)專心致志于短語(yǔ)積累IV過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞具有_和_之意 現(xiàn)在分詞具有_和_之意作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別falling leaves / boilding water /developing country fallen leaves /boilded water/developed country作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別I

12、 am interested in the book.The book is interesting . 被動(dòng)完成主動(dòng)進(jìn)行進(jìn)行完成感興趣的令人感興趣的總結(jié)：過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有主動(dòng)_和正在進(jìn)行之意；過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)和完成之意； 作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有令人之意；過(guò)去分詞具有感覺(jué)之意； Step 1 用以下單詞的正確形式填空：worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern1. Ill be_ to hear what he has to say.2.The mayor said that he was _ about

13、 the _ rise of the water level in the river bed.3.Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.4.Most of the newspaper seems to be _ with pop stars.5.He was _ of going alone into the empty erestedworriedcontinuedarrivedconcernedfrightened【挑戰(zhàn)一】Step 2 Fill

14、in the blanksCrying marriage?It is 1 (surprise), isnt it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage which 2 (exist) a long time ago in many areas of Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,3(remain) in fashion 4 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still 5 (observe) by

15、 people in many places, especially Tujia people, who 6 (view) it as anecessity to marriage procedure.It is very muchthesame in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 7, the brides neighbors would look down uponher as a poorly 8 (cultivat

16、e) girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village.In fact, there were casesinwhich the bride was 9 (beat) by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.In a word, crying at wedding is awayby custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, i

17、n the10(arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.surprisingexistedremaineduntilobservedviewOtherwisecultivatedbeatenarrangedStep 3：利用上述段落完成下面的練習(xí).(1) 將本段第2個(gè)空所在的定語(yǔ)從句改為合適的分詞，并保持句子其他成分不

18、變。 (2) 根據(jù)原文意思完成句子In fact, there were cases of brides by their mothers for not crying at the wedding ceremony.Actually, the custom of crying marriage existing a long time ago in many areas of Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province, remained in fashion till the end of the Qing Dynasty.beaten【挑戰(zhàn)二】 鏈接高考1. (2014重慶卷5)The producer comes regularly to collect the camerasto our shop for