1、2023年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)第15講閱讀理解七選五（練）AWhy Do We Find It Hard to Say “No”？As we all know, saying no to others is not easy at all. But sometimes we have to learn to say no”. Below are common reasons why people find it hard to say no”:2 You are a kind soul at heart. You dont want to turn the person away and you

2、 want to helpwhen possible, even if it may eat into your time.Afraid of being rude. I was brought up under the idea that saying “no，especially to people who are older, is rude. This thinking is common in Asian culture, where face saving is important.3Wanting to be agreeable. You dont want to alienat

3、e （疏遠(yuǎn)）yourself from the group because youre not in agreement. So you agree to others9 requests.Fear of conflict.4 This might lead to an ugly confrontation （面對(duì)）.Even if there isnt, theremight be disagreement which might lead to bad effects in the future.5 Perhaps you are worried saying no” means clos

4、ing doors. For example, one of my friends,wives was asked to work in another department in her company. Since she liked her team, she didnt want to go. However, she didnt want to say no” as she felt it would affect her promotion chances in the future.Wanting to help others.Fear of losing chances.Wan

5、ting to keep a good relationship.I slowly realized I needed to learn to say “no”.You are afraid the person might be angry if you refuse him/her.It means not making others look bad or lose face.To learn to say no”, we have to first understand whats stopping us from it.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人們說(shuō)“不”很困難的幾

6、點(diǎn)原因。G【解析】 根據(jù)上文“As we all know, saying no to others is not easy at all. But sometimes we have to learn to say no.（我們都知道，對(duì)別人說(shuō)，不，并不容易。但有時(shí)我們必須學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)不）”以及后文“Below are common reasons why people find it hard to say “no”（以下是人們很難說(shuō)，不，的常見(jiàn)原因）”可知，本句是在提出為什么說(shuō) “不”很困難的問(wèn)題，后文開(kāi)始解釋原因。故G選項(xiàng)“要學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)，不我們首先要明白是什么阻止了我們這么 做”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選G

7、。A 解析根據(jù)后文“You arc a kind soul at heart. You dont want to turn the person away and you want to help when possible, even if it may eat into your time.（你是一個(gè)心地善良的人。你不想拒絕這個(gè)人，你想在可能的 時(shí)候幫助他，即使這會(huì)占用你的時(shí)間）“可知，本段說(shuō)明的原因是因?yàn)橄胍獛椭鷦e人，而無(wú)法拒絕別人。故 A選項(xiàng)“想要幫助別人”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選A。F【角畢析】根據(jù)上文“AfVaid of being rude. I was brought up under

8、the idea that saying no, especially to people who are older, is rude. This thinking is common in Asian culture, where face saving is important.（ 害怕沒(méi) 禮貌。我從小就認(rèn)為說(shuō)不，尤其是對(duì)年長(zhǎng)的人說(shuō)不是不禮貌的。這種想法在亞洲文化中很常見(jiàn)，在亞洲, 面子是很重要的廣可知，上文提到亞洲人要面子，本句進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明：不要讓別人難堪或丟臉。故F選項(xiàng)“意 思是不要讓別人難堪或丟臉”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選F。E【解析】 根據(jù)后文“This might lead to an

9、ugly confrontation. Even if there isnt, there might be disagreement which might lead to bad effects in the future.（這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一場(chǎng)丑陋的對(duì)抗。即使沒(méi)有，也可能會(huì)有分歧，這 可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致在未來(lái)不好的影響）”可知，本句是在說(shuō)明拒絕別人可能會(huì)讓別人生氣，從而導(dǎo)致沖突和分歧， 故E選項(xiàng)“你害怕如果你拒絕他/她，他/她可能會(huì)生氣”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選E。B【解析】根據(jù)后文“Perhaps you are worried saying no means closing doors. For exam

10、ple, one of my friends9 wives was asked to work in another department in her company. Since she liked her team, she didnt want to go. However, she didnt want to say no as she felt it would affect her promotion chances in the future.（也許你擔(dān)，心 說(shuō)不意味著關(guān)上大門(mén)。例如，我一個(gè)朋友的妻子被要求在她公司的另一個(gè)部門(mén)工作。因?yàn)樗矚g她的團(tuán) 隊(duì)，所以她不想去。然而，她不

11、想說(shuō)不，因?yàn)樗X(jué)得這會(huì)影響她未來(lái)的晉升機(jī)會(huì)廣可知，后文的例子表 明說(shuō)不的原因是因?yàn)楹ε率C(jī)會(huì)，故B選項(xiàng)“害怕失去機(jī)會(huì)“符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選B。BHow Not to Be AwkwardNot all of us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm. Many among us are shy and may even feel kept apart from others. This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going t

12、hrough the socialization process. 6 Lets try to find answers to the questions.Stay in shape and dress up wellSometimes, awkwardness could be due to being overweight. When you are large in size, you tend to get very self-conscious So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day

13、 7 If you look as if you have just stepped out of a 1980s film when actually it is 2011, there is no doubt that you are bound to feel awkward about yourself.Be optimisticAnother effective tip on how not to feel awkward is to always keep a smile on your face. 8 On the other hand, a smiling, happy and

14、 positive think person is appreciated by everybody So, smile when you meet acquaintances or even strangers, say a cheerful Hi and automatically some of your awkwardness will disappear completely!9This one really helps. Awkwardness generally develops when a person remains isolated from others. So, in

15、 order to change this situation, join groups For instance, if you are a reading lover join a book club. Joining people in book reading sessions as well as debates will help remove your awkwardness. Choose any activity of your choice, such as playing team sports or joining a dance class, and soon you

16、 will find your comfort level around people increasing day by day!Develop your personalityBeing a book-worm or an Internet addict will not get you anywhere. For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life. Learn singing or try adventure sports. 10 A. Participate in Team Activiti

17、es.B , Learn how to end a conversation.Secondly, have appropriate clothes on.If you look sad, nobody will actually like being with you.Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too.So, what can a person do to overcome this tendency to be awkward?Awkwardness could be because you do no

18、t have anything in common to talk about.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者主要向我們描述了怎樣使自己不笨拙不尷尬，并提出了幾點(diǎn)建議， 如保持體形注意穿著、樂(lè)觀(guān)、參加團(tuán)體活動(dòng)、開(kāi)展個(gè)性等。F【解析】標(biāo)題How Not to Be Awkward”（如何不尷尬）和文章第一段“Many among us are shy and may even feel keptapart from others.（我們當(dāng)中的許多人都很害羞，甚至可能感到與他人隔絕。）可知很多人會(huì)害羞 的心理，這個(gè)是引起標(biāo)題所說(shuō)的尷尬的原因。下文說(shuō)到“Lets try to End answe

19、rs to the questions.（讓我們?cè)?著找到問(wèn)題的答案）標(biāo)題和上文提到很多人有害羞的心理，會(huì)引起尷尬，下文引出解決問(wèn)題的方法，可推 知空處講述的是如何克服這種尷尬的傾向。應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。C【解析】根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Stay in shape and dress up well” （保持身材,好好打扮）可知需要保持體形, 并穿著打扮好。根據(jù)下文“If you look as if you have just stepped out of a 1980s film when actually it is2011, there is no doubt that you are bound to

20、feel awkward about yourself.”（如果你看起來(lái)像是剛從 1980 年代的電影 中走出來(lái)，而實(shí)際上是2011年，那么毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，你一定會(huì)對(duì)自己感到尷尬。）可知下文在談不符合年代的 穿著是多么尷尬。可推知，空處講的是要穿合適的衣服，承上啟下。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。D【解析】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Be optimistic”（要樂(lè)觀(guān)）可知本段中心思想就是要求我們要有樂(lè)觀(guān)的心態(tài)。本段 最后一句是“a smiling, happy and positive think person is appreciated by everybody.（一個(gè)面帶微笑，開(kāi)心并 積極思考的人會(huì)受到每個(gè)人的喜歡）可推知如果

21、總是不開(kāi)心，不樂(lè)觀(guān)面對(duì)一切，沒(méi)有人會(huì)喜歡你。選D項(xiàng)。A解析根據(jù)第四段“This one really helps. Awkwardness generally develops when a person remains isolated from others. So, in order to change this situation, join groups For instance, if you are a reading lover, join a book club. Joining people in book reading sessions as well as debat

22、es will help remove your awkwardness. Choose any activity of your choice, such as playing team sports or joining a dance class, and soon you will find your comfort level around people increasing day by day! （這個(gè)真的很有幫助。當(dāng)一個(gè)人與他人保持孤立時(shí)，通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生 尷尬。所以，為了改變這種情況，加入團(tuán)體例如，如果你是一個(gè)閱讀愛(ài)好者，加入一個(gè)讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部。與 人們一起參加讀書(shū)會(huì)和辯論會(huì)有助于消除

23、你的尷尬。選擇您選擇的任何活動(dòng)，例如參加團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)或參加舞 蹈課，很快您就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己與人相處的舒適度與日俱增！）可知本段主要呼吁人們要參加團(tuán)隊(duì)活動(dòng)。應(yīng)選 A項(xiàng)。E 解析根據(jù)本段第二句For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life.（為 了 自我提升，培養(yǎng)一個(gè)為你的生活增添意義的愛(ài)好）可知為了提高自己，要開(kāi)始一個(gè)愛(ài)好，這個(gè)愛(ài)好可以給 你的生活帶來(lái)很大的意義。空處前面內(nèi)容“Learn singing or try adventure sports”（學(xué)習(xí)唱歌或嘗試冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)） 與E選項(xiàng)表達(dá)“有時(shí)候簡(jiǎn)單如聽(tīng)音樂(lè)這樣

24、的事情也會(huì)帶來(lái)奇跡”屬于并列的同類(lèi)型的例子。應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)。CMore and more people are turning to a plant-based lifestyle. 11. It has been shown to help improve overall health, prevent diseases, and increase well-being and happiness. Here are two tips on how to gradually move into plant-based living.Ease Yourself Into It12. This isn

25、t necessary and its too hardits because theyre not giving their body time to ease intoit.If youve been eating meat daily （or almost daily） fbr most of your life, then your bodys going to be a bit confused when its suddenly not getting its regular fix of meat. The best way is to gradually reduce meat

26、 from your diet. If you eat meat 3 meals a day, drop it down to 2 meals for a couple of weeks. 13. After that, youcan alternate （交替）between “meat days” and “non-meat days”, until youre comfortable going long stretches without eating meat.Make Sure Youre Getting Your Nutrients （營(yíng)養(yǎng)）If youre going to b

27、e plant-based, you have to do much work. That means figuring out how to develop meal plans that allow you to get your daily doses of proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. You cant just switch to eating green salads for 3 meals a day and expect to feel good, because you wont You,ll need to start eat

28、ing a varied diet. Whole grains, like beans and legumes, as well as soy foods, can help you get your daily requirements for protein.14Thafs really all you need to know: make sure that youre taking it easy and giving your body time to adapt, and make sure that youre getting necessary nutrients. 15, y

29、oull be able to enjoy plant-based living in notime.Once you have a clear ideaAs long as youre doing these two thingsThese two nutrients are difficult to get from plantsNext, bring it down to a meal a day for a few weeksHealthy fats can come from things like olive oil and peanutsThe benefits of a pla

30、nt-based lifestyle are seemingly endlessA lot of people fail because they move straight up into a plant-based lifestyle 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)向以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式。短文介紹了關(guān)于如何逐 步進(jìn)入以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式的兩個(gè)建議。F 解析根據(jù)下文It has been shown to help improve overall health, prevent diseases, and increase well-being and happiness

31、.（它已被證明有助于改善整體健康，預(yù)防疾病，增加福祉和幸福。）可知，選項(xiàng) 承接下文說(shuō)明以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式的好處有很多。故F選項(xiàng)“以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式的好處似乎無(wú) 窮無(wú)盡“切題。應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。G【解析】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Ease Yourself Into It”（慢慢地融入其中）和下文“This isnt necessary and its too hard一its because theyre not giving their body time to ease into it.（這是沒(méi)有必要的，而且太難了這是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有給自己的身體時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)。）可知，要慢慢地融入以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式，下文在解

32、釋上 文人們未能進(jìn)入以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式的原因。故G選項(xiàng)“很多人失敗是因?yàn)樗麄冎苯舆M(jìn)入了以植物為 基礎(chǔ)的生活方式”切題。應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)。D【解析】根據(jù)上文“If you eat meat 3 meals a day, drop it down to 2 meals for a couple of weeks.”（如果你 一天吃三頓飯，在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)星期里減少到兩頓。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文，說(shuō)明飯頓數(shù)的減少情況。故 D選項(xiàng)“接下來(lái)，把它減少到每天一頓飯，持續(xù)幾個(gè)星期”切題。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。E【解析】根據(jù)上文Whole grains, like beans and legumes, as well as so

33、y foods, can help you get your daily requirements for protein（全谷物，如豆類(lèi)和豆科作物，以及大豆食品，可以幫助你獲得每日所需的蛋白 質(zhì)。）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文的“蛋白質(zhì)的來(lái)源”為并列關(guān)系，說(shuō)明健康脂肪的來(lái)源。故E選項(xiàng)“健康的脂肪可 以來(lái)自橄欖油和花生”切題。應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)。B 解析根據(jù)上文Thats really all you need to know: make sure that youre taking it easy and giving your body time to adapt, and make sure that you

34、re getting necessary nutrients.（這就是你需要知道的全部：確保你 放松，給你的身體時(shí)間適應(yīng)，并確保你獲得必要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)）以及下文“youll be able to enjoy plant-based living in no time（你很快就能享受以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式）可知，選項(xiàng)承上啟下，說(shuō)明只有做了這兩件事，才 到享受以植物為基礎(chǔ)的生活方式。與下文為條件關(guān)系。故B選項(xiàng)“只要你做了這兩件事”切題。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。DWere lucky to live in an age when the sum total of human knowledge is pretty av

35、ailable at the click of a button. Weve never had access to so much information. 16 So here are a few strategies to sharped yourcritical thinking.Beware of confirmation prejudice. 17 In repeated experiments, psychologists have shown weremuch more likely to accept something as evidence if it confirms

36、what we already think we know. And were much more likely to discount information if it contradicts our views, which will affect our ability to process information.Acknowledge small difference. In life, most situations are different and complicated. Acknowledge that can enrich the way that we view th

37、e world. For example, what colour is the sky? Well, the obvious answer is blue. But at sunrise or sunset, it can be red. On a cold misty morning, white or grey. 18.Practise intellectual humility （謙遜）.One approach to, well, arguing, is to let go of the idea of being “right”. Or at least seriously con

38、sider that you might actually be wrong. 19 Really try to understand where theother person is coming from. Arguing is just to waste somebodys time.20. Its more important than ever to know where your information is coming from.Engaging in critical thinking isnt as ftm as picking up a pitchfork, or fee

39、ling like youre fundamentally right. But in the long run, it leads to a more curious, educated and harmonious society, which is the biggest win of all. A. Avoid mistakesCheck your sourcesWe all enjoy feeling like were rightSo pay attention to differences in many situationsBut not all of whafs out th

40、ere is quite what it seemsSo dont rush to decide, and be actively prepared to change your mindPutting yourself in the other persons shoes can lead to much more productive outcomes 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了增強(qiáng)批判性思維的幾個(gè)策略。E解析】上文Were lucky to live in an age when the sum total of human know ledge is pretty ava

41、ilable at the click of a button .（我們很幸運(yùn)地生活在一個(gè)只需點(diǎn)擊一個(gè)按鈕就可以獲得人類(lèi)知識(shí)總量的時(shí)代戶(hù)說(shuō)明我們生 活在一個(gè)信息量大而且信息獲取非常容易的社會(huì)，以及下文“So here are a few strategies to sharped your critical thinking.（因此，這里有一些策略可以提高你的批判性思維廣說(shuō)明要采取策略提高批判性思維，E項(xiàng) “但并不是所有東西都和外表看起來(lái)一樣”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，承接下文，符合題意。應(yīng)選E。C【解析】上文“Beware of confirmation prejudice .（謹(jǐn)防確認(rèn)偏見(jiàn)）”說(shuō)

42、明要防止偏見(jiàn)，以及下文“In repeated experiments, psychologists have shown were much more likely to accept something as evidence if it confirms what we already think we know.（在重復(fù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，心理學(xué)家說(shuō)明，如果某件事證實(shí)了我們已經(jīng)知道的東西， 我們就更有可能接受它作為證據(jù)廣說(shuō)明對(duì)于已經(jīng)知道的東西，我們就更可能接受它是對(duì)的，C項(xiàng)“我們都喜 歡感覺(jué)自己是對(duì)的”引出下文，符合題意。應(yīng)選C。D 【解析】 上文“Acknowledge small diffe

43、rence. In life, most situations are different and complicated. Acknowledge that can enrich the way that we view the world.（成認(rèn)微小差異。在生活中，大多數(shù)情況都是不同 和復(fù)雜的。成認(rèn)這些可以豐富我們看待世界的方式）”說(shuō)明要成認(rèn)差異，D項(xiàng)中differences是關(guān)鍵詞，D項(xiàng)“因 此，請(qǐng)注意許多情況下的差異承接上文，符合題意。應(yīng)選D。G【解析】下文“Really try to understand where the other person is coming from.（

44、真正試著去理解其他人的 想法）”說(shuō)明要站在其他人的角度思考問(wèn)題，G項(xiàng)中Putting yourself in the other persons shoes表示“設(shè)身處地 為他人著想”，G項(xiàng)“設(shè)身處地為他人著想可以帶來(lái)更富有成效的結(jié)果”引出下文，符合題意。應(yīng)選G。B【解析】 下文Its more important than ever to know where your information is coming from.（矢口道你的信 息來(lái)自哪里比以往任何時(shí)候都重要。戶(hù)說(shuō)明知道信息的來(lái)源是很重要的，B項(xiàng)“核實(shí)你的信息來(lái)源”引出下 文，符合題意。應(yīng)選B。EEver wonder why y

45、ou get along better with some people over others? Or who might become your lifelong friends or romantic partners? 21.The sunny personEver heard of the saying that you are a mix of your five closest friends? When you surround yourself with sweet and caring people, you also catch their positive energy

46、.22. Just as research shows, positive thinking can increase your lifespan, strengthen your immunesystem and reduce your risk of developing heart diseases.The adventure seekerWhats life without a little adventure? 23: together you can start journeys that change your lifeforever. Not only does being a

47、dventurous reduce your levels of anxiety and depression, but it can also make you more intelligent. In addition, the new cultures, environments and experiences can cause your brains to think differently.The natural psychologistWhen youre having a bad day, its good to have someone who understands you

48、. Good listeners make the best friends because they have high emotional intelligence, read you well and provide authenticity （真誠(chéng)）.Often these natural psychologists would like to ask you some questions that help you think about your problems.24.25When you surround yourself with people who value logic

49、 and problem-solving, they can encourage you to use critical thinking instead of just trapping yourself in conflicts. If youre especially the type of person to depend on others to make you feel better, being around logicians can help you become more independent and practical. They will remind you th

50、at working through challenges is more rewarding than passively daydreaming. A. The enthusiastic logician B. The man of actionInstead of telling you what to do, they would rather guide you to potential solutionsBefriend someone who is ready to step out of his comfort zone and travel aroundPeople who

51、are positive and optimistic can actually benefit your healthAnyhow at least here are four types of people worth keeping in your lifeJust like rare precious stones, good partners can be hard to find【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人生值得交的4種朋友。F【角星析】 上文“Ever wonder why you get along better with some people over others? Or who might become your lifelong friends or romantic partners?（有沒(méi)有想過(guò)為什么你和一些人相處得更好？或者誰(shuí)會(huì)成為你一生 的朋友或戀人？戶(hù)提出問(wèn)題：誰(shuí)會(huì)成為你一生的朋友或戀人。該句有承上啟下的功能。F項(xiàng)“Anyhow at least here are four types of people worth keeping in your life（無(wú)論如何，至少有四種