1、ORIENTATION THE KEY BUSINESS TRENDSTrend: The Flattening of Organizational Frameworks“The flatter, the leaner.”“Businesses vary in size.”Self-employedSmall or mediumLargeMulti-nationalAdj.Shamrock OrganizationCore workersSelf-employedFlexible laborFor the companyAdvantagesIt saves moneyMore flexible

2、DisadvantagesNot much staff loyaltyNo in-house styleFor the core workersAdvantagesHigh salariesGenerous benefitsDisadvantagesLong hoursLots of pressureFor self-employedAdvantagesFlexible life-styleWork for lots of peopleDisadvantagesNo steady incomeWork for lots of peopleFor labor forceAdvantagesNot

3、 manyDisadvantagesManyAccountingKeeping financial records Bookkeeping is a really common-sense way.AccountingRecording income and expenditure outgoingscover the outgoingsAccountingValuing assets and liabilitiesand so onAccounting is the language of business.AccountingFinancial AccountingManagerial A

4、ccountingCost AccountingTax AccountingCreative AccountingAuditing(inspection and evaluation of accounts by a second set of accountants)AccountantA professionally trained personwhose job is to keep and check the financial records of an organization, or to advise people on income, spending, tax, etc.I

5、m in accounts.CFOChief Financial OfficerFinancial Decisions of HouseholdsYou have started to save for the future and all of your savings are in a bank account. Should you invest in mutual funds? What kind of mutual funds?Financial Decisions of HouseholdsYou have decided to get an apartment.Should yo

6、u buy it or lease it?Financial Decisions of HouseholdsYou are thinking about starting your own restaurant. Is it worth doing? How much money do you need to start? Where can you get the money?Financial Decisions of HouseholdsConsumption and saving decisionsInvestment decisionsFinancing decisionsRisk-

7、management decisionsYou are risk-taking, or risk-averse?To be short term player or buy-and-hold?Where is PE? How is it used?To rent or to buy? Thats a question.What happens to money? To raise, make, save, spend, or invest?How would you select mutual funds?Financial Decisions of HouseholdsInvestmentC

8、onsumptionConsumptionSavingSavingSavingInsuranceInvestment 2-Consumption 4-Saving 4-Insurance 1Investment 3-Consumption 5-Saving 2-Insurance 1CFO is in charge of the financial planning of firms.Company StructureBoard of Directors with of Chairman (GB) or President (US)CEO (US) or MD (GB) Company Str

9、uctureBoard of Directors with of Chairman (GB) or President (US)MD (GB) or CEO (US)ProductionMarketingFinanceCFOR & DHRAccounting Financial Management“雙軌制”公司結構選自頂級財務總監Board of Directors with of Chairman (GB) or President (US)CEO CFO 所有者監督和功能性支持相互配合和支持 Marketing, R&D, production, HR Financial managem

10、entFinance is the study of how to allocate scarce resource -money-over time.What is money?OrganizationSelf-employed, freelancer, sole traderpartnership: There are no shareholders in the organization apart from us, the partners. A lot of professional people like lawyers, architecture, accountants and

11、 so on, work in partnerships.OrganizationLimited liability“Im the MD and main shareholder of a small electronics company in Scotland called Advanced Components Ltd. Ltd means limited company. The other shareholders and I have limited liability: we do not have to use our personal property, such as a

12、house or car, to pay the companys debts.”OrganizationPLC“Im the CEO of a company called Megaco PLC. PLC means public limited company, so anybody can buy and sell shares in Megaco on the stock market.”Inc.“Im CEO of Bigbucks Inc. Inc stands for Incorporated. This shows that we are a corporation, a term used espe