1、 考研英語閱讀Part A主講：李程 一，閱讀概況一，閱讀概況1.文章特點2.閱讀要求3.基本解題步驟4.題目類型及解題技巧 二，實例分析二，實例分析 如何捕捉并根據文中詞匯和句、段關系的隱含意義來推斷文章主旨和作者態度？一，閱讀概況一，閱讀概況1. 文章特點： 1）內容： A. 社會科學（經濟學、教育學、心理學、傳播學） B. 自然科學（純自然科學、邊緣科學） C. 人文科學 2）文章來源： 以國外主流報刊雜志為主。 3）體裁 包括議論文，說明文，記敘文，應用文等。2. 閱讀要求： 1）理解文章主旨及具體細節信息。 2）詞語意義及概念性含義。 3）判斷，引申，推理。 4）理解整體結構，句子之

2、間，段落之間的關系。 5）作者態度、觀點、意見。 6）注意區分論點和論據。3.基本解題步驟：1）很快閱讀文章首段、尾端，預測文章的主題或者中心。2） 略讀題干，找出關鍵詞，包括數字、時間，人物，地點，概念詞，特殊名詞等相關信息點。3）再次通讀全文，劃出關鍵詞。注意特殊位置相關信息，弄清全文主旨。4）仔細分析問題，并返回原文定位。注意兩個問題： A. 自然段定位； B. 題干敘述偷換概念等。4. 題目類型及解題技巧 1）主旨題。 2）作者態度或觀點題。 3）詞義辨析題。 4）推理引申題。 5）細節題。二，實例解析二，實例解析本講主題： 如何捕捉并根據文中詞匯和句、段關系的隱含意義來推斷文章主旨和

3、作者態度？ Passage:Banks and Accounting Standards: Messenger, shot Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and

4、 its just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch. Unfortunately, banks lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essent

5、ial to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the bank system will be difficult. After bruising encouter with Congress,Americas Financial Accounting StandardsBoard(FASB) rushed through rules change

6、s. Thesegave banks more freedom to use models to valueilliquid assets and more flexibility in recognizinglosses on long-term assets in their incomestatements. Bob Herz, the FASBs chairman, criedout against those who “question our motives.” Yetbank shares rose and the changes enhance whatone lobby gr

7、oup politely calls “the use of judgementby management.” European ministers instantly demanded thatthe International Accounting Standards Board(IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not wantto act without overall planning, but the pressure tofold when it completes its reconstruction of ruleslater

8、this year is strong. Charile McCreevy, aEuropean commissioner, warned the IASB that itdid “not live in a political vacuum” but “in the realworld ” and that Europe could yet develop differentrules. It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastly overvalued losses. Todaythey argue

9、d that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidityof markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. Thetruth will not be known for years. But banks sharestrade below their book value, suggesting thatinvestors are skeptical. And dead markets partlyreflect the p

10、aralysis of banks which will not sellassests for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctantto buy all those supposed bargains. To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. Americas new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buy

11、ers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hositility from special interests. But by giving into critics now they are inviting pressur

12、e to make more concessions.結合具體題目：5.The authors attitude towards standard-setters is one of _. A. satisfication (滿意) B. skepticism (懷疑) C. objectiveness(客觀) D. sympathy(同情)小結小結： 捕捉并根據文中詞匯和句、段關系的隱含意義來 推斷文章主旨和作者態度，在考生閱讀的過程 是一個非常實用的方法。建議考生多積累這些敏 感詞匯特殊句式句型。詞匯詞匯：1）表句法關系詞表轉折：but/however/on the contrary/in fact,表遞進：moreover/furthermore/next,.表因果：therefore/consequently/as a result,.表強調：definitely/absolutely/unquestionably,表舉例：in this case/for example/in this situation,2）隱