1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上IELTS圖表作文講解：地圖、流程圖學生面授老師時間本次課時IELTS寫作第三課時教學思路1. 作文簡介、寫作技巧2. 實例講解3. 分析總結4. 課后作業教學目標1. 地圖、流程圖理論分析分析2. 掌握兩類圖表作文的基本特征和寫作方法3. 學習寫作思路講解重點地圖、流程圖寫作方法范文學習常用句式總結備考資料劍橋基礎資料教學詳細內容：一、分析雅思圖表作文地圖、流程圖理論1. 地圖題特點Ø 地圖題分兩種，一種為地理變遷題，一種為選址題。地理變遷題描述的是一個地方（多為一個城鎮）在一段時間的發展變化。Ø 時態：圖題反映的是一個地方在過去的一段時間的變化

2、，文章用一般過去時。如果地圖題反映的是一個地方在將來一段時間的變化趨勢，文章用一般將來時或表“估計”的詞匯。如果地圖題反映的是一個地方從過去到現在的變化，可用現完成時。Ø 細節變化：地圖每個細節變化都要提到，不要忽視一個細節Ø 語態 ：地圖題用被動語態2流程圖（flow chart）特點其一， 流程圖的題目基本不會重復，因此復習已經考過的題目不會太大效果，第二，流程圖的詞匯隨著圖表的對象而變化，很少出現重復的詞匯。流程圖考察的次數不多，每年大概3-5次，集中出現在年初和年末的三個月。一般來說，流程圖和普通圖表的區別主要在于：Ø 流程圖基本上不會出現數據，文字信息占

3、主要地位Ø 流程圖以描述為主，比較的機會比圖表題少Ø 流程圖中出現的信息都需要描述，而普通圖表則不需要描述每一個數據Ø 流程圖的時態比較單一，主要是用一般現在時Ø 流程圖的分段比較靈活，只要不同階段之間的差距很明顯，就可以另起一段3. 流程圖備考注意事項：1）注意掌握段落連接或者不同階段之間的說法（sequence expression）Ø 表示首階段的一些說法a) The process starts from b) At the first/initial stage,c) At the beginning of the cycle,d)

4、During the initial phase,e) The beginning of the whole cycle is marked byf) (名詞 or 動名詞)is the first step in (+ 名詞 or 動名詞)Ø 表示次段的一些說法：a) The second stage is b) The next step in the process is Ø 表示最后階段的一些說法a) (名詞 or 動名詞) is the last step in the procedure.b) The final phase of the procedure i

5、s aboutc) In the final phase,d) Entering the final phase,e) (名詞 or 動名詞) is the final stage.2）要注意各個階段的比較，充實文章內容，避免平鋪直敘3）注意流程圖的讀圖順序：找出流程圖的始末點，并劃分中間的步驟或階段；掌握表示“順序”的連接詞(Sequencing Words)，用來說明過程的各個步驟和先后順序。4. 地圖、流程圖常用詞匯、句型第一部分：導游圖類別解釋：該類作文的考核方式是在一個平面圖中進行箭頭引導，并要求考生對路線與沿途設施做出說明。Ø 總介紹A stretch out/ exte

6、nd/ radiate from B to C：A從B延展置CA be circled by B：A被B環繞A cover an area of B：A占地面積為BA be divided into B by C =C divide A into B A被C分成了B（部分）Ø 位置介紹A be in the middle/ center of B：A在B中心A be in the vicinity/ proximity/ vicinage of B：A在B鄰近A be within walking distance from B：A離B數步之遙Ø 路徑與沿途設施介紹The

7、route/ path/ lane marked with arrow leads A to B：由箭頭引導的路線將A引導至BGoing around the first sharp corner, you will find A on your left/ right.在第一個急轉彎處，你會在左側/ 右側發現A。Next to it is B where_接下來是B（它處于怎樣的位置或有怎樣功能）C appears between D and E, as you go further down the route.你沿著路線走下去，（會發現）C出現在D和E之間。Finally, you ar

8、e going to return to the original point after.最后，在之后，你會回到原點。第二部分：變化圖類別解釋：該類作文的考核方式是介紹統一建筑或位置在若干年中的布局、結構變化情況。Ø 總介紹As shown by the maps, A vary obviously over B如圖所示，A在B（時間跨度）間發生了明顯變化Separated into.sections, A have B built in it originally. 劃分為部分，A中原建有BA take up a total area of B, with C making up

9、., D., and E.A的總占地面積為B，其中C、D、E分占（面積）Ø 變化介紹The area of A remains unchangeable. A的面積沒有發生明顯變化。A be removed from B to C after the reconstruction. 重建后，A被從B處移到了C。The positions of A and B are exchanged. A和B的位置出現了對調。An extra floor is added up to the Tower A. A上又加蓋了一層。第三部分：區位圖類別解釋：該類作文要求考生交代某一地圖中各個地點之間的

10、位置關系（在某些情況下，要求考生在若干地點中選擇某一個作為特定設施的選點）。Ø 區位關系A be to the north of B by C（相隔）A be at the north of B（相切）A be in the north of B（包含）A and B share C（共有）Ø 人口概念The total population of the area is A 該地的總人口數量為AA residents populate the area. A（數量的）居民住在該地區Ø 交通概念A radiate in all directions. A（常為交通

11、網絡）四通八達。A be accessible from all directions. 從各個方向都能到達A。二、 實例分析地圖：The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket S is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for supermarket.分析思路：1 本圖顯示了G市的超市選址情況；2. S1情況分析：地理位置是在郊區，因此方便建停車場；離H市近，有很大的潛在顧客；緊鄰公路主干道和鐵路，交通便捷；3. S2位置分析：地處G市中心地區

12、，周圍有大量當地居民；交通不便；離 C和B市較近。范文分析：The map shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.首段對文章主題進行概述，并對內容進行改寫The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is

13、in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the two Cransdon(25km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppe

14、rs would also be able to travel by train.：介紹第一個地點的具體情況： 具體的地理位置信息，多樣的位置表述： 深層的分析，S1址的潛在優勢 In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town center, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bra

15、nsdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.：對比引出另一個點：描述具體地理位置信息： 優缺點的介紹，巧妙結合圖例Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer

16、 more advantages. ： 總結S1 S2的總體情況： 給出一個更好的建議流程圖：The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Brick manufacturing  * Cl

17、ay: type of sticky earth that is used for making bricks, pots, etc.分析思路：1. 本圖的順序很好確定，根據箭頭一路走下來即可2. 明確圖中的主要信息，最為重要的一步就是溫度冷卻的環節3. 恰當設置先后的銜接詞4. 注意文章題目，為industry做bricks,所以在delivery這一步要注意【滿分范文】The process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry can be outlined in seven consecutive step

18、s. 概括本流程圖的幾個步驟 first直接引出第一步in the first stage，與接下來的段落緊密結合First the raw material, clay, which was just below the surface of soil in certain clay-rich areas has to be dug up by a digger.Then the lumps of clay are placed on a metal grid in order to break up the big chunks of clay into much smaller area

19、s, which fall through the metal grid onto a roller, whose motion further segregates the bits of clay. Sand and water are added to make a homogenous mixture, which is then either formed in moulds or cut into brick-shaped pieces by means of a wire cutter.：用then銜接流程順序：一系列的動詞不僅表達出流程的先后順序，而且能巧妙地連接：順序連接Those fresh bricks are then kept in a drying