1、1. ing 分詞的構成分詞的構成主動形式主動形式被動形式被動形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having done having been done否定式否定式: not+ -ing/not having(been) done不是不是 having not (been) done2. 一般式和完成式的用法一般式和完成式的用法-ing 分詞的一般式表示和謂語動詞所表示分詞的一般式表示和謂語動詞所表示的動作的動作同時同時進行的一個動作；完成式表示進行的一個動作；完成式表示先于先于謂語動詞動作之前的一個動作。如：謂語動詞動作之前的一個動作。如： Walking along

2、 the street, he caught sightof an old friend of his. Not having studied his lessons very hard,he failed the examinations.3. -ing分詞的被動式分詞的被動式 當當ing 分詞與它的邏輯主語構成被分詞與它的邏輯主語構成被動關系時，需要用被動形式。根據動關系時，需要用被動形式。根據ing分詞動作發生的時間，分詞動作發生的時間，ing分詞的被動分詞的被動式分為一般被動式式分為一般被動式(being done)和完成被和完成被動式動式(having been done), 如：如

3、：The question being discussed is very important. Having been praised by the teacher, he works even harder.4. -ing分詞的句法功能分詞的句法功能1) -ing 分詞作主語分詞作主語 Learning English has become a part of his life. It is no use trying to repair the ship. These holes are much too big.2) -ing分詞作賓語分詞作賓語 以下動詞必須跟以下動詞必須跟-ing分

4、詞作賓語：分詞作賓語：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/escape/excuse/fancy/finish/imagine/keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/resist/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest/ give up/cannot help(禁不住）禁不住）要點講解要點講解避免避免 錯過錯過 少延期少延期 avoid miss put off/ postpone建議建議 完成完成 多練習多練習 suggest finish practise

5、喜歡喜歡 想像想像 禁不住禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承認承認 否定否定 與嫉妒與嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避逃避 冒險冒險 莫原諒莫原諒 escape risk excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 不介意不介意 stand keep mindMake them easier for you to remember !Make them easier for you to remember !tips英語中某些及物動詞后習慣跟動名詞作賓語，這類動詞英語中某些及物動詞后習慣跟動名詞作賓語，這類動詞是是：advise, delay, appreciate, con

6、sider, be worth, feel like etc. to do sth. doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘記忘記去做去做某事某事忘記忘記已經做過已經做過某事某事記住記住去做去做某事某事記住記住曾做過曾做過某事某事遺憾遺憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做過做過某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味著做某事意味著做某事（做完某事）接著去（做完某事）接著去做另一件事做另一件事繼續做同一件事繼續做同一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事試著做某事試著做某事停下來去做另一件事停下來去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事3）-ing 分詞作表語。

7、如：分詞作表語。如： Our job is playing all kinds of music. The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 注：一般來講，注：一般來講，-ing分詞作表語有兩種情況，分詞作表語有兩種情況，一是名詞性，這時主語和表語可以互換。即：一是名詞性，這時主語和表語可以互換。即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容詞性，表示主語的性質和特征，二是形容詞性，表示主語的性質和特征，主表不可互換。主表不可互換。 4） -ing分詞作定語可以表示分詞作定語可以表示 (1) 所修飾名

8、詞的用途。如：所修飾名詞的用途。如： a waiting room(=a room for waiting) 候車室候車室 a walking stick(=a stick for walking) 手杖手杖 a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 臥車臥車 （2）所修飾詞的性質特征。如：）所修飾詞的性質特征。如： exciting news 令人激動的消息令人激動的消息 a moving story 一個令人感動的故事一個令人感動的故事 注：分詞短語作定語須放在所修飾詞之后，注：分詞短語作定語須放在所修飾詞之后，例例如如：the man standing

9、at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate另外，另外，-ing分詞的完成式不能作定語。例如分詞的完成式不能作定語。例如 不可以說：不可以說：The man having written manybooks is a former student of our school.應改為應改為The man who has written many books is(3)所修飾名詞正在進行的動作，可以換成定語所修飾名詞正在進行的動作，可以換成定語從句形式。如：從句形式。如： a sleeping child (=a child who is slee

10、ping) 正睡覺的孩子正睡覺的孩子 a walking man (= a man who is walking) 正散步的男人正散步的男人 5) 在在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官動詞后等感官動詞后可以用可以用-ing形式做賓語補足語。這時形式做賓語補足語。這時-ing 形式形式和句子的賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系，和句子的賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系，并且并且-ing 形式表示賓語正在進行的動作。如：形式表示賓語正在進行的動作。如： He saw a boy climbing the tree. Do you hear someone knocking at

11、 the door? 有人敲門你聽見了嗎有人敲門你聽見了嗎?Compare:Did you notice a man enter the room just now?你注意到有個人剛才你注意到有個人剛才進了進了屋子嗎？屋子嗎？6)-ing分詞作狀語分詞作狀語 (1)-ing分詞在句中可以作分詞在句中可以作伴隨狀語伴隨狀語，常放于，常放于句后，表示主語正在進行的另一個動作，來對句后，表示主語正在進行的另一個動作，來對謂語表示的主要動作加以修飾或作主要陪襯。謂語表示的主要動作加以修飾或作主要陪襯。如：如： They sat in front of the building, laughing an

12、d chatting. He worked late yesterday, preparing for the lecture. (2)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作時間狀語時間狀語，常放在句首，常放在句首，如：如： (When)Walking in the street,I caught sight of a tailors shop.(3)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作原因狀語原因狀語，常放句首。，常放句首。 如：如： Being ill, he cant go to school. Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with h

13、er. Having lived in the city for many years, he knows it very well.(After )Finishing my work, I went out.Having told us a funny story, the teacher went onto explain the text to us(4)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作條件狀語條件狀語，常放句首。，常放句首。 Turning to the right, youll find the post office there.(5)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作結果狀語結果狀語，常放

14、句末。，常放句末。 He turned off the light, seeing nothing.5. -ing分詞的復合結構分詞的復合結構物主代詞物主代詞/人稱代詞人稱代詞/名詞所屬格或普通名詞名詞所屬格或普通名詞+ing分詞分詞(1) 作主語（須用作主語（須用物主代詞物主代詞或或名詞所屬格名詞所屬格）His/Toms not being chosen made us disappointed.(2)作賓語作賓語(除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用普普通名詞或代詞賓格通名詞或代詞賓格） He was awakened by someones knockinga

15、t the door. They have never forgiven us going there. We dont mind him explaining it again. My friend cant understand your treating himlike that.(3)作狀語作狀語 （須用普通名詞或主格代詞須用普通名詞或主格代詞,亦稱亦稱獨立主格結構獨立主格結構）Time permitting, well deal with the text.The boy was playing with a ball, his mother standing nearby.典型錯誤

16、：典型錯誤：Reading in bed in my room, someone knockedat the door. 應改為：應改為：Reading in bed in my room, I heard someoneknocking at the door.I reading in bed in my room, someone knocked at the door.Walking across the street, a car knocked him down.應改為：應改為：Walking across the street, he was knocked down by a c

17、ar.He walking across the street, a car knocked him down.1. _moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetterA.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven2._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.

18、A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedDwaspreparingBAC4.Shesupstairs_letters.A.writesB.iswritingC.writeDwriting5.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedDC6.“Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointedangri

19、lyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing8.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened9.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenADD11. Do you know the

20、 boy _ under the big tree ? A.lay B. lain C. laying D. lying12. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 13. - Good morning, can I help you ? - Id like to have this package_ , madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weig

21、h D. weighed14. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard DDDB15.Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay16.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught_andletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing17.T

22、hemurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied19.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrivedADDD20. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing21. Cleaning w

23、omen in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay22. Mr. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. ever driveCAA25. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. makin

24、g B. makes C. made D. to make26. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen27. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride, ride B. riding , ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding AAC28. Little Jim should love _ to t

25、he theatre this morning. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking29. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone31. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not t

26、o C. so as to not D. not so as toABB33. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off34. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailedCC35.I wo

27、uld appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling37. _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk38.- I must apologize for _ ahead of time. - Thats all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you

28、know C. letting you know not D. letting not you knowCBB42. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. - Well , now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. having done 43. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C.

29、 not do it D. do not toDA44. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating45. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lost46. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what count

30、ry he studied. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyingCCA48. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_ “ Sorry to miss you; will call later.A.read B. reads C. to read D. reading49.The sentence wants_ once more. A. explained B. explaining C. being expl

31、ained D. to explain50. Clumbus was considered _ the great land of America. A. having discovered B. discovering C. to have discovered D. to discoverDBC51. _ from so many apple, I think, these on the table are much better than the others. A. Having chosen B. Chosen C. Being chosen D. Choose52. Her skirt has become loose. She seems _ weight. A. to lose B. that she has lost C. to