1、COST AND FREIGHT 成本加運費CFR (insert named port of destination) Incoterms 2010 成本加運費（指定目的港）GUIDANCE NOTE 序言This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The r

2、isk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. 該術語僅適用于海運或內河運輸。“Cost and Freight”是指當賣方將貨物運至船上或取得已按此送交的貨物，即完成交貨。當貨物已運至船上時，貨物滅失或損壞的風險發生轉移。The seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. 賣方還必須

3、訂立貨物運至指定目的港的合同并支付成本和運費。When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier in the manner specified in the chosen rule and not when the goods reach the place of destination. 當使用CPT, CIP, CFR 或 CIF等術語時，賣方承擔其將貨物按照所選規則指定的方式交付承運人前所有

4、風險和費用，而當貨物運至指定目的地后，由買方承擔一切風險和費用。This rule has two critical points, because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places. While the contract will always specify a destination port, it might not specify the port of shipment, which is where risk passes to the buyer. If the shipment port is

5、 of particular interest to the buyer, the parties are well advised to identify it as precisely as possible in the contract. 此術語有兩個關鍵點，因為風險轉移和費用在不同的地方轉移。合同中通常會指定目的港，但可能并未指定風險轉移至買方的裝運港。如果裝運港與買方有特定利益，則當事人應盡可能精準地在合同中確定。The parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible the point at the ag

6、reed port of destination, as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller. The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely. If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the specified point at the port of destin

7、ation, the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties. 當事人應盡可能精準地指定約定目的港中的具體交貨地點，因為貨物運送至該地點所需費用由賣方負擔。建議賣方訂立與上述決定適宜的運輸合同。除當事人事先另有約定外，如果賣方根據其運輸合同負擔了有關貨物在指定目的港卸載的費用，其無權要求買方償還相關費用。The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the

8、 vessel or to procure goods already so delivered for shipment to the destination. In addition, the seller is required either to make a contract of carriage or to procure such a contract. The reference to “procure” here caters for multiple sales down a chain (string sales), particularly common in the

9、 commodity trades. 賣方必須將貨物運到船上或取得已按此送交準備發運的貨物。此外，賣方必須訂立運輸合同或取得這樣的合同。這里的“取得”適合于多層次鏈條式銷售（線性銷售），在商品銷售中尤為普遍。CFR may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vessel, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a terminal. In such cir

10、cumstances, the CPT rule should be used. CFR requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities. CFR不適用于貨物在裝船之前移交給承運人的情況，比如集裝箱內的貨物通常在目的地交付。在這種情況下，應使用

11、CPT術語。在需要辦理清關手續時，CFR要求賣方應負責貨物的出口清關。然而，賣方并沒有義務辦理貨物進口清關、負擔任何進口關稅或辦理任何進口海關手續。A THE SELLER OBLIGATIONS賣方義務A1 General obligations of the seller賣方基本義務The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be requir

12、ed by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. 賣方必須提供符合銷售合同規定的貨物和商業發票以及按照合同約定必需的有同等作用的其他任何憑證。以及經當事人同意或根據交易習慣在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的電子記錄或程序的憑證。A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other

13、 formalities 許可，授權，安全許可和其他正式手續Where applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods. 在需要辦理清關手續時，賣方必須承擔風險和費用獲得任何出口許可或其他官方授權，辦理貨物出口所需的一切海關手續。 A3 Contracts of

14、carriage and insurance運輸合同和保險合同a) Contract of carriage運輸合同The seller must contract or procure a contract for the carriage of the goods from the agreed point of delivery, if any, at the place of delivery to the named port of destination or, if agreed, any point at that port. The contract of carriage

15、must be made on usual terms at the sellers expense and provide for carriage by the usual route in a vessel of the type normally used for the transport of the type of goods sold. 賣方必須自付費用，按照通常條件訂立運輸合同，自約定交貨地點，經由慣常航線，將貨物用通常可供運輸合同所指貨物類型的海輪運至指定目的港。b) Contract of insurance 保險合同The seller has no obligatio

16、n to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyers request, risk, and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance. 賣方沒有義務為買方訂立保險合同。但應買方要求并由其承擔風險和費用，賣方必須提供給買方辦理保險所需的相關信息。A4 Delivery 交貨The seller must deliver th

17、e goods either by placing them on board the vessel or by procuring the goods so delivered. In either case, the seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or within the agreed period and in the manner customary at the port. 賣方必須將在約定日期或期限內，按照該港習慣方式將貨物運至船上或取得已交運的貨物。A5 Transfer of risks風險轉移The sel

18、ler bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described in B5. 除B5規定者外，賣方必須承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險，直至已按照A4規定交貨為止。A6 Allocation of costs 費用劃分The seller must pay 賣方必須支付：a) all costs relating

19、to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6; 除按照B6規定應由買方支付的費用外，賣方必須支付與貨物有關的一切費用，直至已按照A4規定交貨為止。b) the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a), including the costs of loading the goods on board and any charges for

20、 unloading at the agreed port of discharge that were for the sellers account under the contract of carriage; and 按照A3 a）規定所發生的運費和其他一切費用，包括根據運輸合同規定由賣方支付的貨物裝船費和在約定卸貨港的卸貨費c) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable up

21、on export, and the costs for their transport through any country that were for the sellers account under the contract of carriage. 在需要辦理海關手續時，貨物出口需要辦理的海關手續費用及出口時應繳納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用，以及根據運輸合同規定，由賣方支付的貨物從他國過境的費用。A7 Notices to the buyer通知買方The seller must give the buyer any notice needed in order to allow

22、the buyer to take measures that are normally necessary to enable the buyer to take the goods.賣方必須給予買方必要的任何通知，以便買方能夠為受領貨物采取通常必要的措施。A8 Delivery document交貨憑證The seller must, at its own expense, provide the buyer without delay with the usual transport document for the agreed port of destination. 賣方必須自擔費

23、用及時向買方提供表明載往約定目的港的通常運輸憑證。This transport document must cover the contract goods, be dated within the period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit by the transfer

24、of the document to a subsequent buyer or by notification to the carrier. When such a transport document is issued in negotiable form and in several originals, a full set of originals must be presented to the buyer. 此運輸憑證必須包括合同貨物等內容，其日期應在約定的裝運期限內，并能讓買方在指定目的港從承運人處提貨。除非另有約定，此憑證還應能讓買方在運輸中通過將此憑證轉讓給另一買主或通

25、知承運人以銷售貨物。在運輸憑證以可流通的方式發行并存在多個正本時，所有正本必須全部交付買方。A9 Checking packaging marking查對、包裝、標記The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4, as well as the cos

26、ts of any pre-shipment inspection mandated by the authority of the country of export. The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for the

27、ir transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately. 賣方必須支付按照A4規定為了將貨物交給買方處置所需進行的查對費用（如查對貨物品質、丈量、過磅、點數的費用）以及出口國有關當局在裝運前強制檢驗的費用。賣方必須自付費用包裝貨物，除非按照相關行業慣例，所售類型的貨物通常無需包裝發運。賣方應該按照有關貨物運輸所

28、要求的方式包裝貨物，除非買方在訂立合同前已經通知賣方特殊的包裝要求。包裝應作適當標記。A10 Assistance with information and related costs信息協助及相關費用The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyers request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including se

29、curity-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or for their transport to the final destination. The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges incurred by the buyer in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisag

30、ed in B10. 應買方要求并由其承擔風險和費用，在需要辦理清關手續時，賣方必須給予買方一切及時的協助，以幫助其取得包括買方為進口貨物和/或為使貨物運輸到最終目的地所需的有關貨物安全信息在內的任何憑證和信息。賣方必須償付買方按照B10規定在賣方獲得相關憑證和信息時給予協助所發生的費用。 B THE BUYER OBLIGATIONS 買方義務B1 General obligations of the buyer 買方基本義務The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. 買方必須按

31、照銷售合同規定支付價款。 Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. 以及經當事人同意或根據交易習慣在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的電子記錄或程序的憑證。B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities許可，授權，安全許可和其他正式手續Where applicable, it is

32、up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country. 在需要辦理清關手續時，由買方自擔風險和費用獲得任何進口許可或其他官方授權，并負責辦理貨物進口和從他國過境的一切海關手續。B3 Contracts of carria

33、ge and insurance 運輸合同和保險合同a) Contract of carriage運輸合同The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of carriage. 買方沒有義務為賣方訂立運輸合同。b) Contract of insurance 保險合同The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance. However, the buyer must provide the seller, upon requ

34、est, with the necessary information for obtaining insurance. 買方沒有義務為賣方訂立保險合同。但應賣方要求，買方必須提供給賣方辦理保險的必要信息。B4 Taking delivery 受領貨物The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named port of destination. 買方必須在賣方按照A4規定交貨

35、時受領貨物并在指定目的港從承運人處收受貨物。B5 Transfer of risks 風險轉移The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4. If the buyer fails to give notice in accordance with B7, then it bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed dat

36、e or the expiry date of the agreed period for shipment, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods. 買方必須承擔按照A4規定交貨時起貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險。如買方未能按照B7規定給予賣方通知，則買方必須從約定的裝運日期或裝運期限屆滿之日起，承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險，但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下為限。B6 Allocation of costs費用劃分The buyer must, subject to the provisi

37、ons of A3 a), pay 除A3 a）規定外，買方必須支付：a) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 c)

38、; 自按照A4規定交貨之時起與貨物有關的一切費用。以及在需要辦理海關手續時，貨物出口所需辦理海關手續的費用和按照A6 c)規定在貨物出口時應交納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用。b) all costs and charges relating to the goods while in transit until their arrival at the port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the sellers account under the contract of carriage; 貨物在運輸途中直至到達

39、目的港為止的一切費用，除非這些費用根據運輸合同應由賣方支付c) unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and charges were for the sellers account under the contract of carriage; 包括駁船費和碼頭費在內的卸貨費，除非根據運輸合同應由賣方支付d) any additional costs incurred if it fails to give notice in accordance with B7, from

40、the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for shipment, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods; and 如買方未按照B7規定給予賣方通知，則自約定的裝運日期或裝運期限屆滿之日起，貨物所發生的一切額外費用，但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下為限e) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of c

41、arrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their transport through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of carriage. 在需要辦理海關手續時，貨物進口應交納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用及辦理海關手續的費用，以及從他國過境的費用，除非這些費用已包括在運輸合同中。B7 Notices to the seller 通知賣方The buyer must, whenever it is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods and/or the point of receiving the goods within th