1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上語法填空之從句一、名詞性從句1.正確分析句子成分是做對題的關鍵。2.連接詞的特點：that沒有意義，在從句中只起連接作用，不充當句子成分； whether, if 表“是否”，在從句中只起連接作用，不充當句子成分； what, which, how, where, when, whatever等，有各自的意義，在從句中擔任成分。3. that 引導主語、表語、同位語從句時不省略；有多個that引導的賓語從句時，只有第一個that可省略；引導的賓語從句中含有從句時，也不省略。4. 介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句，此時需要用it作形式賓語；某些動詞enjoy, ha

2、te, have, like, love, appreciate, take也不能接that引導的賓語從句，此時需要用it作形式賓語。如：You may rely on it that he will come on time.5. reason做主語時，表語從句只能用that引導。6.doubt 在肯定句中其后的賓語從句常用whether, if 引導；doubt在否定和疑問句中其后的賓語從句常用that引導。如：There is some doubt _whether_ he will come tomorrow.7. 與if相比較，whether 引導所有名詞性從句，也可用于連接介詞后的

3、賓語從句，可以discuss, decide 后引導賓語從句，還可與or not 連用。*考題檢驗1. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.3. World Aids day is also important in reminding us that HIV has not gone away, and _ there are m

4、any things still to be done.4. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.5. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.6. There is no doubt _ John will support you.7. Could I speak to _ is in charge of Int

5、ernational Sales please?8. We have offered her the job, but I dont know _ she will accept it.9. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.10. I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finish anything.11. As far as I can see, there is no possib

6、ility _ he will win the tennis match this time.12. American scientists have discovered that walnut trees can produce more than walnuts. The scientists say walnut trees also can make a chemical form of the popular pain-killing medicine aspirin. The trees do this under the stress of disease 1_ other t

7、hreats. Scientists say the chemical may help the trees reduce damage from dry weather, unseasonable temperature 2_ other changes in the environment. The results are important 3_ presence of the chemical could warn growers early 4_ a tree is in danger. Growers could recognize a problem 5_ leaves on w

8、alnut trees die and fall off. The scientists say the 6_(find) also show that a plant can communicate with other plants through the atmosphere. For example, a tree could communicate 7_ it is under attack from insects. 8_ that information, a grower could begin corrective treatment. Researchers 9_(know

9、) for a long time that laboratory plants may produce methyl salicylate, aspirins chemical form. Aspirin was first made from the bark covering on willow trees. 10_ the researchers had never before found methyl salicylate in a forest. They have not confirmed that trees could emit, 11_ give out, large

10、amounts of the chemical into the atmosphere.答案：1,what 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. what 6.that 7. whoever 8. whether/if 9. how 10. why 11. that12(1. or 2. and 3, because/as/since 4. that 5. before 6. findings 7. when 8. With 9. have known 10. or二、定語從句*做題指導1. 正確分析句子成分是做對題的關鍵。2. 引導詞的特點： *關系代詞：which, tha

11、t, who, whom, whose； 關系副詞when, where, why 和that。（略） *that既指人又指物，先行詞是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修飾時都能用，所以一般情況下用that引導定語從句比較保險，但以下情況不能用，切記： a. 在非限制性定語從句中（從句前面有逗號與主句隔開），用which或who, whom; b. 前面有介詞時，用which 或whom; c. 前面的先行詞是anyone, those 時， 用who； *as 和which 可以引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個句子（which

12、有時也僅僅指代主句的一個詞和一部分）。which引導的這種從句只能放在主句后，as 引導的這種從句可以放在主句前、后、或在中間插入。另外，以下短語幾乎成為固定搭配：as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。 如：_As_ is announced in todays newspapers, all the schools will reopen on Sept. 1st. *當先行詞為case, situat

13、ion, condition, point 時， 且從句不缺少主要成分，用where引導；而出現occasion常用when; * 關系副詞where, when 有時用作關系代詞； 如：He climbed up to the top of the temple, from where he could see nothing but trees. * which 偶爾也指人，著重于該人的品質，地位，身份，而不是人本身。 如：Her sister has become a lawyer, which she wants to be. *比較： a. There are 20 people i

14、n the bus, most of _ are boys. b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of _boys. c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _ are boys. key: whom/ them/them * 比較： a. _ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun. b. _ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun. c. _ is known t

15、o us all that the earth goes around the sun. Key: As/ What/It *比較： a. He is one of the students who _ (praise) by the teacher. b. He is the only one of the students who _(praise) by the teacher. Key: were praised/was praised * 比較： a. Rose is such a kind girl _ will surely give others help if possibl

16、e. b. Rose is such a kind girl _ she has won a high reputation in our class. Key:as/that考題檢驗1. There isnt a moment _ Im not thinking of you.2. I hate the way _ you never look at me when you speak to me.3. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived, many of _ even cried with jo

17、y.4. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of _ had taken more than three years.5. She has married again, _ was unexpected.6. The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.7. It is such a good place _ everybody wants to go and visit _ it is well kno

18、wn all over the world. 8. The book was written in 1946, _(during which/ since when) the education system has witnessed great change. 9. One of the boys who _(be) my friends _(be) very good at English. 10. Occasions are very rare _ I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids. 11. I will put the

19、 book _ you placed it and make a mark at the place _ can be easily seen. 12. It is on the morning of May first _ I met Liang at the airport. 13. Influenza, or flu, is 1_ common infection of the nose and throat, and sometimes the lungs. The cause is a virus that passes from one person to another. The

20、 virus spreads through the air 2_ an infected person expels air suddenly.Medical experts have identified three major kinds of influenza. They call them type A, B and C. Type C is 3_(little) serious. People may not even know they have it. But researchers study the 4_ two kinds very closely. Viruses c

21、hange to survive. This can make 5_ difficult for the body to recognize and fight an infection.A person 6_has suffered one kind of flu develops the same kind again. The bodys defense system produces antibodies. These substances stay in the blood and destroy the virus 7_ it appears again. 8_ the body

22、may not recognize a flu virus 9_ has even a small change.Each year, researchers develop vaccines(疫苗) to prevent the spread of the flu virus. The WHO holds meetings in 10_ experts discuss 11_ kinds of flu viruses to include in the next vaccine.Key: 1. when 2. that 3. whom 4. which 5. which 6. which 7

23、. as ; that 8. since when 9. are;is 10. when 11. where;where 12. that 13. (1. a 2. when 3. least 4. other 5. it 6. who 7. when 8. But 9. which/that 10. which 11. what三、狀語從句和連詞*做題指導1. 熟悉狀語從句的分類，熟悉每個連詞的語義和語用特征，尤其是：as, since的靈活運用；before, until, unless, while, as, if, in case 這些難以區分的詞。 2. 區分常用的含時間狀語的句型，

24、如 Its/It has been + 一段時間+ since; It is/was +具體時間+ when; It will be/was +一段時間+before; It is/was + 時間狀語+ that3. before sb. knew it (不知不覺) Before I could say a word(還來不及說什么) before long(不久以后)4. be on the point of doingwhen; be about to do when; be doing when; had just done when;5. as 作連詞可以表“因為”，“當時候”，“

25、照.那樣”，“盡管”； 表“作為”時是一個介詞。6. No sooner than; Hardly when;考題檢驗1. More often, it would be better _ we dont pretend we feel strong _ we are weak or pretend _ we are brave when we are scared.2. _ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.3. I usually do the washing-up and lea

26、ve the cooking to my wife, _ she is a better cook than me.4. He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering.5. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard a cry for help.6. _ football is her main focus, she is also great at basketball.7. Strange

27、_ it sounded, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.8. How long do you think it will be _ the computer puts forward a new product?9. They notice that plants dont grow well _ is much shade.10. The girl sang happily _ she walked along the lake.11. 40-year-old Scott crossed the finishing line of the London Marathon yesterday 1. _ walking for 128 hours in a deep sea divers suit weighing 54 kilos. He did it 2_(raise) money for children with cancer. Mr. Scott once has suffered from cancer himself and has been living under i