1、1高考英語專題復習高考英語專題復習-完形填空解題技巧指導完形填空解題技巧指導24.4.大多富有大多富有積極的教育意義積極的教育意義，給人以人生，給人以人生的的啟迪啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣；或是充滿了生活情趣；3命題意圖：命題意圖： 在在語篇語篇層面上考查常用層面上考查常用詞匯詞匯的準確、的準確、得體的應用。得體的應用。 充分發掘上下文的語境（字里行充分發掘上下文的語境（字里行間的信息詞和信息句）間的信息詞和信息句）4 沒有嚴格遵循答題步驟沒有嚴格遵循答題步驟: :很多考生一拿到很多考生一拿到完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認真分析完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認真分析通篇文章，通篇文章，單純求快單純求

2、快，忽略語篇理解忽略語篇理解，只，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構。表看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構。表面上解題速度挺快，但是這種面上解題速度挺快，但是這種見樹不見林見樹不見林的做法只會影響解題的質量和效率。的做法只會影響解題的質量和效率。為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多? ?切記切記: :一定要用一定要用2-32-3分鐘時間分鐘時間先進行先進行缺詞缺詞閱讀閱讀, ,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡后再著弄清文章大意和基本脈絡后再著手逐個填空手逐個填空. .52. 2. 不注意不注意積累積累答題技巧答題技巧: : a.a.忽略文章忽略文章首句首句的提示作用；的提示

3、作用； b.b.忽略文章中忽略文章中上下文之間的照應上下文之間的照應關系關系; ; c.c.遇到長句不注意遇到長句不注意分析句子結構分析句子結構, ,在在語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出選擇選擇. .6 3 3. .時間安排不當時間安排不當: :在幾個選項上在幾個選項上過分糾過分糾纏纏，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。題來不及做。切記切記: :正確的做法是正確的做法是由易到難由易到難，先做會做，先做會做 的，再考慮較難的。的，再考慮較難的。強烈推薦強烈推薦：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某題的題的可

4、能的兩項填入空格可能的兩項填入空格, , 然后快速地整然后快速地整句整段地默讀句整段地默讀, , 選擇某一項習慣或短語或選擇某一項習慣或短語或動賓搭配讀起來較流暢的動賓搭配讀起來較流暢的. .78細讀文章的第一句話細讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Topic Topic SentenceSentence），這就為我們理解文章的內），這就為我們理解文章的內在聯系提供了一個在聯系提供了一個“窗口窗口”，它的句意，它的句意往往為往往為全文提供中心信息全文提供中心信息，能直接概括，能直接概括全文大意

5、、揭示主題。全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標示作用，利用它為充分重視首句的標示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，據此展開思維，解題找到一個突破口，據此展開思維，爭取開局勝利爭取開局勝利。9n 對于對于敘事，描述類敘事，描述類文章。短文的文章。短文的首句首句，往往點明故事發生的往往點明故事發生的人物人物(who),時間時間（when），地點），地點(where)，和事件，和事件(what)等背景等背景情況。例：情況。例： It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hos

6、pital . 2010全國卷（全國卷（I）10 對于對于論述文，首句表明了論述的主論述文，首句表明了論述的主題題。起到揭示主題的作用。例如：。起到揭示主題的作用。例如： A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . . 2010全國卷（全國卷（II）11詞匯題詞匯題高考完形填空高考完形填空考什么？考什么？篇章結構篇章結構(語境語境) 句際關系句際關系121.復現復現詞匯題詞匯題13 1.( 2010北京卷北京卷)Mr

7、s. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to .37. A.opinion B.impression C.information D.intentionopinions語境語境-原詞重現原詞重現142. (2010陜西卷）陜西卷） I had some 28 in my pocker, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29（ onl

8、y） use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs語境語境-同義詞、近義詞復現同義詞、近義詞復現15163. （2010全國全國I) The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him . 36 A. breath

9、 B. test C. seat D. break語境語境-固定搭配固定搭配take a 3617 3. 3.根據詞匯的根據詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義意義及用法辨析詞義18 4.(2010江蘇卷江蘇卷) My father 36 me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is 36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced 5.(2010全國全國I）The happiest people dont 53(necessarily ) have the best of e

10、verything；they just 54 the best of everything they have . 54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try語境語境-詞義辨析詞義辨析36 me tojust 54 the best of語境語境-詞義辨析詞義辨析19 4. 4.根據生活常識根據生活常識及文化背景知識進行選擇及文化背景知識進行選擇206. I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie. 39 the butter-cream gave me an idea. A. Spreading

11、B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding生活常識生活常識常識、背景知識常識、背景知識7. (2010福建福建)Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pused them 37 (aside ) , 36. A. custorn B. games C .characters D. language 21

12、1.1.語法手段語法手段2.2.邏輯手段邏輯手段句際關系句際關系1.1.語法手段語法手段228.（2010 陜西卷）陜西卷） I then 32（realized ） I had no right to place myself above 33 just because he was busking. 33. A. it B. all C. him D. them語法語法-指代指代239.（2010天津卷）天津卷） “ As a policeman,I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a da

13、maging 28(impact) on the kids. ” 27. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether 語法語法-句型句型24 邏輯手段邏輯手段2.2.邏輯手段邏輯手段讓步關系讓步關系轉折關系轉折關系因果關系因果關系解釋關系解釋關系順序關系順序關系并列關系并列關系25 10.（2010江蘇卷江蘇卷) Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are 40(wrong). This is not the worst boy at all, 41 the smartest one who hasnt yet

14、 found an outlet（釋放的途徑）（釋放的途徑）for his enthusiasm.” 41. A.but B.so C.and D.or語境語境-轉折關系、搭配轉折關系、搭配 the smartest26 11.（2010湖南卷湖南卷) Bean is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . 38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy語境語境-同類并列關系同類并列關系27 12.（2010安徽卷安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your han

15、d, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally語境語境-順序關系順序關系28小結：完型填空考查內容小結：完型填空考查內容 原詞復現原詞復現同義同義.近義復近義復現現 指指 代代 句句 型型 并列關系并列關系 轉折關系轉折關系 讓步關讓步關系系 解釋關系解釋關系語法項目語法項目 順序關系順序關系 因果關系因果關系詞匯手段詞匯手段語法手段語法手段邏輯手段邏輯手段語篇信息語篇

16、信息（語境理解）（語境理解）29Problem solving strategies注意注意上下文語境上下文語境（context)了解常識背景了解常識背景（common sense）掌握習慣搭配掌握習慣搭配（phrases & idioms）運用詞義辨析運用詞義辨析 （comparison）運用語法分析運用語法分析（grammar analysis)運用邏輯分析運用邏輯分析 (logical analysis )運用排除法運用排除法 （exclusive method ）解題過程中應做到解題過程中應做到30實實 戰戰 演演 練練31 Once upon a time the color

17、s of the world started to quarrel. 細讀首句，找出相關信息細讀首句，找出相關信息1.敘事文敘事文 故事發生的故事發生的時間，人物、時間，人物、事件等背景事件等背景情況。情況。32Key to the cloze test 41-45: DCCDB 36-40: DACBA46-50: ACBAD51-55: DDCBA33 Once upon a time the colors of the world started to quarrel. Green said, Clearly I am the most important. I am the sign

18、of life and hope. I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would 36 . Blue interrupted, You only think about the 37 , but consider the sky and the sea. 38 the water that is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep seaWithout my peace, you would all be 39 .

19、Yellow chuckled （笑道）（笑道）, You are all so serious. I bring laughter, fun, and _40_ into the world 36.A.stay B.leave C.go out D.die 37. A.earth B.moon C.star D.sun 38A.That is B.I am C.It is D.This is 39A.anything B.nothing C.something D.Everything40A.warmth B.sadness C.depression D.anxiety語境語境-詞義詞義語境

20、語境-轉折轉折.對比對比.排除排除語法語法-強調句強調句語境語境-詞義詞義語境語境-同類并列同類并列34 Orange started next to blow her trumpet, I am the color of health and strength. I may be 41 , but I am precious for I serve the needs of human life. When I fill the sky 42 , my beauty is so striking that no one gives another 43 to any of you.” Red

21、 could stand it 44 and he shouted out, I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of danger and of bravery. I am willing to 45 truth. I am also the color of passion and of love.41.A.usual B.normal C.common D.scarce42A.at midnight B.at noon or at night C.at sunrise or sunset D.during the day 43A.gi

22、ft B.honor C.thought D.respect 44A.for more B.any more C.very much D.no longer45A.turn to B.fight for C.struggle with D.bend over語境語境-轉折對比轉折對比語境語境-常識常識語境語境-搭配搭配語境語境-搭配搭配語境語境-詞義詞義gives another43 tocould stand it 4435 Then came Purple and Indigo （深藍）（深藍）. The colors went on boasting, each convinced of

23、 his or her own _46_. Their quarreling became louder and louder. Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightening thunder. Rain started to pour down _47_. The colors crouched(蜷縮蜷縮) down _48_, drawing close to one another for comfort. In the midst of the clamor （叫（叫嚷）嚷）, rain began to speak, “You foolish colors, fighting 49 yourselves, each trying to dominate（支配）（支配） 50 . 46A.superiority B.disadvantages C.inferiority D.weakness 47.A.gently B.quietly C.violently D.peacefully 48A.with care B.in fear C.by chance D.on purpose49A.among B.by C.for D.against 50A.others B.t