1、【精品文檔】如有侵權，請聯系網站刪除，僅供學習與交流Festivals Around the World知識點學案 人教課標版正式版.精品文檔.Unit1 Festivals Around the World詞匯講義1. take place發生；舉行In the meantime, an economic crisis took place.The Olympic Games take place every four years.聯想拓展take ones place= take the place of . 代替in place of 代替take the first place 獲得第

2、一名易混辨析take place / happen / break out / occurtake place通常表示計劃、安排之內的“發生”。happen指事情偶然的發生，常帶有未能預見的含義；另外，還有“碰巧”之意。break out指火災、戰爭或瘟疫的突然爆發。occur指按計劃發生，常指（某想法、某事）出現在某人的頭腦中。常見結構:It occurs/occurred to sb. that表示“某人想起某事”。It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.It was in the church that their wedding _

3、 (舉行).Will you attend the meeting _(代替) me? (就座), please! We are ready to start.Its hard to find a man to (代替) the present manager.Liu Xiang (獲得第一名)in the 110m hurdle race. 2. religious adj宗教上的religious beliefs / faithreligious instruction _religious groups / leaders信奉宗教的a deeply religious personHis

4、 wife is very religious.religion n.religiously adv.India has always been one of the most religiously diverse countries.3. in memory of=to the memory of 作為對某人的紀念；紀念某人（memory前不加任何冠詞）Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.聯想拓展：in honour

5、of 為了紀念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌頌；稱贊in favour of 贊同, 支持in charge of 負責in need of 需要；缺少in search of 尋找in possession of 擁有(1)This monument was built the little hero.A. in place of B. in search of C. in memory of D. in need of(2)用由“in+n.+of”構成的短語填空。A monument was set up (紀念) the dead soldiers.He founded the

6、 charity (興辦那項慈善事業) _ (懷念) his late wife.If you are (需要) anything, dont hesitate to let me know.In the discussion, I was _(支持) Mr. Li4. belief  n. C/U 信任；信仰，信心believe vi.& vt. 相信常用結構：have belief in sth. / sb.對某物/某人的真實性和正確性有信心beyond belief 難以置信in the belief that . 相信It is my belief that . 我相

7、信It is beyond belief thatHe has great belief in his doctor. 他對他的醫生無比信賴。She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。用belief相關短語的適當形式填空。He came to me I could help him. that nuclear weapons are immoral.The cruelty of the murders was .5. dress up 盛裝，打扮 (常用于dress up as sb. /dress upin sth.結構)We are supposed t

8、o _(打扮成) movie characters for the party. What a novel idea! She _ (穿著) Elizabethan costume for the fancy dress ball. 常用結構：be dressed in 穿著衣服be dressed as 打扮成be well dressed 衣著講究dress oneself 穿衣，打扮dress sb. 給某人穿衣服get dressed 指動作 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed

9、B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed6. trick n. C詭計；騙局；謀略；花招One of the problems of old age is that your memory can start to play tricks on you. 竅門，招數，手法Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.The trick is to keep

10、your body still and your arms relaxed.play a trick/tricks on sb.搞惡作劇;詐騙;開玩笑The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fools Day.vt. 哄騙trick someone into doing somethingtrick someone out of somethingHe _ (騙我讓我相信) that he was somebody famous.Youre not the first person _ (被騙取) your savings.

11、聯想拓展：play a joke on sb. 開某人的玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 smile at sb. 向某人微笑make a fool of 愚弄；嘲笑用適當的介詞填空。 Tom liked making fun others in public.Its bad manners to laugh the disabled.These boys like playing tricks their teacher.He smiled me when he heard my funny answer.7. gainn. 獲得；增加；獲利，

12、獲得物；收益；利潤The baby _ half a pound.He served the public whole heartedly, _ (不顧個人得失). vt. 得到；獲得，贏得，增加，增添，到達；（鐘、表等）快to gain confidence / strength / experienceFor the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.My watch gains five minutes a day.The country _（獲得獨立）ten years ago

13、. Her unusual talent _ (為她贏得) worldwide recognition. vi. 獲利，賺錢；得益 (+by/from) ，取得進展；得到改善；增進健康We all gained from the experience. The singer is gaining in popularity.易混辨析：gain / win / get / earn / acquiregain指在斗爭，競爭中做出很大努力而“獲得”，所得到的東西常具有一定價值。 win含有取勝的一方具有優越的特質或條件而能克服各種障礙的意思，意為“贏得”。 get為普通詞，有時指不一定需要努力就能

14、“得到”。earn意為“賺得”，表示經過艱苦努力所得到的報酬。 acquire意為“獲得，取得”，一般指通過漫長的過程而逐漸獲得。Im new in the job but I have already _ experience.Please me a glass of water.His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal.He up to $50,000 a year by writing stories.After six years study, he hasa good knowledge of English.8. gath

15、er vt. 1)收集；召集；使聚集(+together)He is gathering materials for a new book. The kids were gathered together in one room.2)積聚；積蓄This cloth gathers dust. I sat down for a moment to _ (積蓄我的力量). She was still trying to _ (集中思想) when the door opened. Fortunately the short delay gave him time to _ (準備好自己). 3)收

16、拾；摘；采集；收割(+in/up)The girl is gathering flowers. People slowly gathered their belongings and left the hall. I waited while he _(收拾好) his papers.It was late August and the harvest _ (已經被安全收割).4)漸增The sled gathered speed as it moved down the hill. 5)猜想,推測+(that)I gather that he is the one in charge. I

17、_ (從你的信里推斷) that youre not enjoying your job_ (據我推測), theres been some kind of problem.6)使皺起She gathered her brows into a frown. 9. awardvt. 授予，獎給(后多接雙賓語)；判定award sth (to sb.)award sb. sth (for sth)be awarded sth for sthThe judges awarded both finalists equal points.Medals _ (被授予)the best speakers o

18、n the debating team. n. 獎，獎品；獎金接受獎品 _He got the highest award in the contest.易混辨析：award / prize / rewardaward既可作動詞也可作名詞，指為鼓勵在工作中達到或完成所提出的要求或條件的人而進行的獎勵，往往強調榮譽而不在乎獎品的大小或獎金的多少。 prize為名詞，多指在各類競賽、競爭或抽彩中所贏得的獎。這種獎賞有的憑能力獲得，有的憑運氣獲得。 reward既可作動詞也可作名詞，指對某人的工作或服務等的報答。也指因幫助警察抓到罪犯或幫助失主找到東西而得到的賞金、酬金。 He won the aw

19、ard for the best student of the year.A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.He received a medal as a reward for his courage.Three university departments have been _ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.A. promoted B. included C. secured D. awarded10. admirev

20、t. 贊美；欽佩；羨慕。其后可接人或物作賓語，但不可以接賓語從句作賓語。admire sb. for sth. 因某事欽佩或羨慕某人They admired our garden.I admire him for his success in business.Arent you going to admire my new house?admiration n.贊美，欽佩；令人贊美的人或物express admiration for sb. 對某人表示欽佩have great admiration for sb. 十分欽佩某人 in admiration of 表示欽佩with/in adm

21、iration 心懷欽佩地admirer n. 欽佩者；羨慕者admiring adj 贊賞的，羨慕的Stop looking in the mirror _ (自我欣賞)Visitors to Beijing usually _ (欽佩那里的警察).Our school is widely _ (羨慕) its excellent teaching .11. look forward to 期待某事/做某事(to為介詞，后接名詞或動名詞)We should look forward to the futurity.I am familiar with his work and look fo

22、rward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to her. A. see B. have seen C. seeing D. be seeing用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。 The boy hurried forward (see) the world famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to _ (see

23、) it for a long time.The day I had been looking forward to _ (come). I used to _ (get) up late, but now Im used to _(get) up early.12. as thoughas though / as if引導方式狀語從句和表語從句：引導方式狀語從句She acted as though nothing had happened. 她裝得好像什么事也沒發生過似的。注意:當從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句謂語中含有動詞be時，可把主語和be一起省略。He looked about a

24、s though (he was) in search of something. 他四下張望, 好像在尋找什么。引導表語從句It looks as if its going to rain. 看樣子要下雨了。as though和as if從句是用虛擬語氣，還是用陳述語氣，完全根據具體情況而定。如果從句表示的意思與事實完全相反，或者純粹是一種假設，通常用虛擬語氣；反之，則用陳述語氣。The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子說話的樣子好像她是個大人。用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。The pencil looks as if it (break)

25、with half of it in the glass of water.Li Ming speaks English very well as though he _ (be) an Englishman. It seems as if our team (be) going to win. He talks about pyramids as though he _ (see) them himself.13. permission n. U許可，允許常用結構with/without (ones) permission 得到允許/未經允許ask sb. for permission 征求

26、某人的許可give sb. permission to do sth. 允許某人做某事have ones permission 得到某人的同意permit vt. 準許，許可，允許permit sb to do sth 允許某人干某事permit doing sth 允許做某事With your permission, Id like to say a few words.Marys father _ (不會允許她) to stay up late.完成句子。They entered the area _(未經允許).You will need to obtain planning _ (許可

27、證) if you want to extend your house.14. turn up出席(某活動)(常用于口語)；出現；找到；把(收音機等的)音量調大一些；到場Im sure your watch will turn up one of these days.We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.I cant hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit?聯想拓展：turn against 反對；背叛turn down （音量等）調小；拒絕

28、turn off 關掉turn on 打開；發動turn out 結果是；證明是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn away 走開；轉過臉去；把打發走turn in 進入；交出；上交turn over 打翻；移交；反復考慮turn into把變成He promised to come yesterday, but he hasnt _ yet. A. turned in B. turned upC. turned on D. turned out用turn相關短語的適當形式填空。Dont worry. The file is sure to .Please _ the

29、 television _ a bit, I cant hear it clearly.It that it was Tim who broke the vase.The sad child his mother for comfort.Its half past ten, but he hasnt yet.Its wrong to our motherland.Please the radio a bit; Im doing my homework.15. keep ones word 守信用；履行諾言word意為“諾言”時，是不可數名詞，不可以用復數形式，其前面不可以用冠詞修飾。You s

30、hould _ (信守你許下的承諾). You promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.聯想拓展：break ones word 食言 get in a word 插嘴 in a/one word=in short總而言之 in other words 換句話說 word for word 逐詞have a word with sb.與某人談話have words with sb. 與某人爭吵Word came that .有消息傳來16. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸The

31、race was so close that everyone _（屏住呼吸）at the finish. take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸lose ones breath 喘不過氣來out of breath 上氣不接下氣，喘不過氣來After arriving at the top of the mountain, we were all _ (上氣不接下氣).17. apologizevi. 道歉，認錯apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事向某人道歉apologize to sb that +從句 向某人道歉

32、You _ (必須向你的老師道歉)for being so rude. I apologized to my mother that I went home late.apology n. 道歉，謝罪make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒絕道歉I must _ (向她道歉) for not going to her party. 18. obviousIt is / was obvious/clear that .= obviously / clearly, .表示“很明

33、顯，顯而易見”，屬于It is / was + adj. / n. /p.p. + that clause 結構。It is necessary / important / natural / strange + that + sb. should do sth. 做某事是有必要的/重要的/自然的、竟然怎樣。It is a pity / a shame / no wonder + that + sb. should do 遺憾的是/羞愧的是/難怪某人竟然/應該It is said / reported / announced / expected / . + that .據說/報道/宣布/預計

34、Its suggested / ordered that sb. (should) do建議/要求某人（做）某事Its no harm drinking running water in that area. It was quite clear that they had no desire for peace. _ used to be thought that the earth was square. A. He B. What C. It D. That19. set off 出發；動身；使爆炸What time are you planning to set off tomorro

35、w?The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.聯想拓展:set off for a place 出發到某地set about doing sth.開始(某工作);著手做某事set out 從某地出發上路set out to do sth.開始做某事set sth. up 擺放或豎起某物；創立，建立set sth. aside 將某事物放在一邊；（為某目的）節省或保留金錢或時間set down記下、寫下用set相關短語的適當形式填空。The new government must finding s

36、olutions to the countrys economic problems. The children the fireworks in the yard. She a bit of money every month.They a statue in honour of the national hero.Theyve on a journey round the world.20. remind vt. 提醒；使想起常用結構:remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人記住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. t

37、hat .提醒某人/使某人想起I reminded Gerald of his promise.Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.翻譯句子:這些照片使我想起我的童年。_請提醒我每天服三次藥。_21. harvest n.1) c 收割，收獲the corn/potato/grape harvestIt was harvest time.There will be an abundant harvest this year.They were busy getting the harvest in.2) singular （知識等的）

38、收獲收獲豐富的知識 _We are now reaping the harvest of our hard work last year.v.收割，收獲（莊稼、動物、知識成就等）Winter wheat is planted in the fall and harvested in early summer.Timber is still harvested and milled locally.22. celebration  n.1) C, often pl. 慶祝會，慶典birthday / wedding celebrations The towns centennial c

39、elebrations will begin with a parade. I hope youll join in the Christmas celebrations.2) U, C 慶祝，慶典Her triumph was a cause for celebration. Hes having a party _(慶祝)his 84th birthday.23. starve  1) vi. 餓死；挨餓；渴望，急需要（die / long）The plants _ (急需要水).They got lost in the desert and starved to death.2

40、) vt. 使挨餓，使餓死Shes starving herself trying to lose weight.starvation n. 挨餓；餓死常用結構：starve for sth. 渴望得到starve to do sth. 渴望去做某事starve to death 餓死be starved to death 餓死be starved of極需，缺乏starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨餓以迫使其做某事The engine _ (缺油) and wouldnt start. Many people _ death in the earthquak

41、e as a result of the delay of the supplies.A. were starved of B. starved to C. were starved D. starved for用starve相關短語的適當形式填空。Thousands of people in Africa.These children are love.The people on the island _fresh water since it hadnt rained for nearly half a year.24. feast n.盛會，宴會a wedding feast a fea

42、st of colours a feast for the eyes 大飽眼福the feast of Christmas The evening was a real feast for music lovers.v. (on / upon sth) We sat in the yard feasting on barbecued chicken and beer.feast ones eyes on盡情欣賞(藝術品景色等)25. arrival n1)到達We apologize for the late arrival of the train. There are 120 arriva

43、ls and departures every day.2)到達者The first arrivals at the concert got the best seats.early / late / new arrivals Were expecting a new arrival in the family soon.With the arrival of Johns friends, the party became really enjoyable.26. independence n.U獨立,自主(from sb/sth)Cuba _（獨立于）Spain in 1898.The ar

44、my is committed to ensuring the independence of the countryHe values his financial independence. She doesnt want to lose her hard-won independenceindependent adj.獨立的(of sb/sth)、自主的(of sb/sth)The police force should be independent of direct government control. Two independent research bodies reached

45、the same conclusions.Going away to college has made me much more independent. Shes a very independent-minded young woman.Students should aim to become _(更加獨立于) their teachers.It was important to me to be financially independent of my parents. a man of independent means with a private income)27. clot

46、hing n. (總稱)衣服，服裝UCheck your belongings and make sure you dont leave your articles of clothing behind.Food, clothing and shelter are everyones priorities.易混辨析：clothing / clothes / clothclothing是衣服、被褥的總稱，為不可數名詞；clothes指包括上衣、褲子、內衣、外衣等在內的具體的衣服，它沒有單數形式，只能說many/some/a few clothes; cloth則指做衣服所用的布料，為不可數名詞。

47、The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength.Its cold outside. Youd better put on more .How much does it take to make a blouse for a girl?28. custom n. 風俗、習俗It is the custom (for sb) to do sth做是一種習俗/慣例Social customs are different from country to country._ (是日本人的習慣) to take off

48、their shoes when they get into a hall. It is the custom for an Arab to stand close to his friend when talking.易混辨析：custom / habitcustom“風俗習慣”，即社會或團體許多人長期形成的習慣。habit指一個人的習慣、習性。29. drownvt.drown sth with / in 把某物浸泡在液體中be drowned in 沉浸在a drowning man 快要淹死的人like a drowned rat （濕的）像落湯雞He would drown his

49、sadness in coffee.He was_ (在酣睡中) so he did not feel it was raining. She turned up the radio to drown the noise of the traffic.30. forgive vi. & vt. 原諒；饒恕forgive sb for (doing) sth. 原諒某人（做）某事forgive sb/sth. 原諒某人/某事forgive sb sth. 原諒某人某事forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事Please forgive him for _(他的魯莽)Reading

50、:長句難句：1 . At that time people would starve if food was difficultto find，especially during the cold winter months .在那個時代，如果食物難以找到，特別是在寒冷的冬月，人們就會挨餓。Starve (v.)1) to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨餓；餓死Millions of people starved to death during the war.戰爭中數百萬人挨餓至死。2)

51、starve for sth ; starve sb of sth: ( cause sb to) suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted (使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物；缺乏The homeless children were starved for love .這些無家可歸的孩子渴望得到愛。3) to feel very hungry 感覺很餓。僅用于進行時態When will dinner be ready ? Im starving.晚飯什么時候做好？我快餓死了。starvation (n.) :(U) suffer

52、ing or death caused by lack of food 挨餓；餓死 die of starvation 餓死 starvation wages 不夠維持基本生活的工資2. or satisfy the ancestors , who could return either to help or to do harm.或使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先們有可能回到世上（給人們）提供幫助，也可能帶來危害。harm(1) (n.): damage, injury 損害；傷害do harm to sb = harm sb 傷害某人do more harm than good: have an effect which is more damaging than helpful 弊大于利If we solve the problem in this way, it may do more harm than good. 如果我們以這種方式處理問題，那可能是弊大于利。(2) (v.): cause harm to (sb / sth) 損害或傷害某人/某事物 This event didnt harm his reputation. 這個事件沒有損害他的名譽。3. Halloween also had its