1、2016高考英語-短文改錯集訓（二）【專項突破】短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同學寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Passage 1Last month, the 18th Foreign Language Speech Competition was successfully

2、 held in our boarding school. Luckily, the Students Union organize an English Speech Competition. At first I didnt show some interest and wasnt very much confident. Then my English teacher Mr. Smith encouraged me. Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the competition and made fully preparations f

3、or it. Two weeks later the time I had been looking forward to coming and it was his turn. Glancing at my teachers smiling face, I built up my confidence. Much to my delight, the result was announced and I was one of the winner. But my teachers encouragement, I couldnt have won the first prize. Im pr

4、oud of Mr. Smith or the wonderful experience.Passage 2As is known to all, drunk driving in the road traffic safety is strictly prohibited. Unluckily, I saw a traffic accident on my way home on last night. A car hit a motorbike. The motorbike driver was bad hurt and sent to hospital. After a while, t

5、he traffic police came. Under the help of the people who witnessed the accident, the police found out a truth. The driver of the car was drinking and his car went out of control. At last he was taken to the police station. All the people there think the car driver was to blame for this accident. Whi

6、ch is reported in the news reports, drunk driving should be treated more seriously. It often causes many people lose their lives, such as the accident that happened in Hangzhou and Chengdu. It is high time that we prevent drunk driving. Passage 3Dear Sir/Madam, I write this letter to you to draw you

7、r attention to my complaint about your service. A few days ago, I joined a three-days trip to E-mei Mountain in your travel agency. I found a little differences between your advertisement and action. As you say, you will provide a large air-conditioned bus, but we only rode in a shabby bus with any

8、air conditioner. Yes, you served us lunch, and the food tasted terribly and some even with sand. We didnt enjoy any kind of shower. In fact, we only bathe in cold water. As for sightseeing, the guide took us to several expensive souvenir shops, what wasted us much time. As the result, two scenery sp

9、ots were finally left unseen. We do hope something can done to prevent such things happen again.Passage 4As we all know, playing is one of man's itself characteristics. Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since ma

10、ny years ago, many adults and children have call their friends together to spend hours, even days play games. One of reasons why people like to play is that sports help them to move happily. In other words, they help to keep people strong and health. If people are playing games, they move a lot of.

11、Having fun with their friends make them happy. Many people enjoy sports by watch others play. So that is why sports are good activities for peoples health.Passage 5Last Sunday I went shopping with my father. We have a lot of things to buy. We drove to the center of the city and stopped our car in th

12、e front of the shop. An hour late, we came back to the car. But it was strange that we couldnt open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. It was glad to help us. A few minute later, he got the door open. Just then a man came up and shouted angrily. How are you doing with my car? We were surp

13、rising and went to see the number of the car. What you think we did then? We had to speak sorry to the man again and again. Passage 6Yesterday, it was just on the point of big shopping this season. Li Mei goes to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt(收據）.When she got there，she refus

14、ed. The salesman said that he wouldnt take it back if she showed him the receipt. Thinking it was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left. Suddenly two shop guard stopped her and began to search for her. They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it careful. Many eyes were starin

15、g at her, what made Li Mei very embarrassing. Luckily, a salesman came up in time and she was allowed to go.Passage 7Changes create happiness. Fortunately, great changes have been taken place in my villageTen years ago, the small and low houses, which lie on the north of the lake, produced much wast

16、eAs the result, the lake was serious pollutedTo the west was a sandy field, that was the source of dustBetter still, a brickyard on the southwest side of the lake used up a great deal good soilNow poor house have been replaced by green trees and the brickyard by tall buildingsThe sandy field that th

17、e villagers used to ploughing has been covered with fruit treesOn the lake the villagers often spend his spare time boating and fishing2016高考英語-短文改錯集訓（二）答案與解析Passage 1本文是一篇勵志小故事。講述了作者(一位中學生)參加了本校一年一度的英語口語演講比賽。當初，作者由于缺乏興趣和自信而不敢參加，因受自己的英語老師的開導和激勵，便報了名，但經過自己的一番努力后，最終以第一名的好成績贏得了這場比賽。1.organizeorganized。

18、考查動詞時態(tài)的用法。句子Last month, the 18th Foreign Language Speech Competition was successfully held in our boarding school. Luckily, the Students Union organize an English Speech Competition中的謂語動詞organize，其動作時間應與作者參賽的時間取得一致，故用一般過去時。2.someany 。考查同義詞辨析。句子At first I didnt show some interest and wasnt very 中的形容詞

19、some，通常用于肯定句或表示請求的疑問句之中。但在否定句，疑問句或條件狀語從句中常用any來替換。3. 去掉much。考查副詞固定習語的用法。句中and wasnt very much confident中的much與very連用，通常修飾動詞。但其后緊跟形容詞confident，故much多余。4.InspiringInspired。考查過去分詞短語作狀語的用法。句中Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the competition中的Inspiring，與句子主語I是邏輯上的動賓關系，應用過去分詞，且有by短語提示，二者合起來作狀語，表示原因

20、，相當于原因狀語從句。5.fullyfull。考查副詞的誤用。句中and made fully preparations for it中的fully是副詞，作狀語，通常修飾動詞。但其后緊跟名詞preparations，應為形容詞作定語。ingcame。考查句子結構的甄別。根據句子結構分析：本句是由并列連詞and連接的并列句，前一分句Two weeks later the time I had been looking forward to coming and it was中的the time是主語，I had been looking forward to是省略了引導詞that的限制性定語從

21、句，修飾先行詞the time，該分句中缺少謂語動詞。但是，又受and的制約，證明又由其連接了一個使用一般過去時的后一分句，此時句中coming不能單獨作謂語，只能改為came時，句子結構才能成立。7.hismy。考查邏輯關系。文章是以第一人稱敘述了作者的所有境況。所以，此處應用my來表示所屬關系。8.winnerwinners。考查名詞數別的判斷。句子I was one of the winner表述中可以看出，one of后跟名詞，須用其復數形式。9.ButWithout。考查邏輯關系。文章最后表明了作者對老師的感激之情，便使用了Without, couldnt have done .句式

22、結構。所以，此處的without介詞短語表示條件。10.orand。考查邏輯關系。最后作者以擁有這樣的老師和本次難得的比賽經歷而表示自豪。所以，此處的Mr. Smith 和 the wonderful experience without是并列關系。Passage 2本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。講述了作者昨天晚上回家時所看到的一起醉駕行駛的小轎車撞上了一輛電動自行車的交通事故。傷情嚴重，在好心人的幫助下，傷者很快被送到了醫(yī)院進行搶救。于是，現場的目擊證人強烈譴責醉駕司機，要求其對本次事故負全責。作者又通過發(fā)生在杭州和成都的兩地多起交通事故來強烈呼吁：抵制醉駕，珍惜生命。1. 去掉last前面on。考

23、查名詞短語的習慣用法。句子way home on last night中 的介詞on 應該用在表示具體的某一日或某一天的早晨、下午或者晚上，但在last night名詞習語中， 介詞on是多余的。2.badbadly。考查形容詞的誤用。句子driver was bad hurt中 的形容詞bad 應該用在名詞前作定語，但是，此處是在動詞hurt前，須用副詞，作狀語，即表示：傷者的被傷害的程度。 3.UnderWith。考查固定習語的用法。句子Under the help of the people who中的固定搭配with ones help或with the help of somebod

24、y，表示 “在某人幫助下”，其介詞為with。4.athe。考查冠詞的基本用法。句子police found out a truth中的冠詞，應表示 “這次交通事故的真實情況”，表示特指，須用定冠詞the。5.drinkingdrunk。考查被動語態(tài)的用法。句子The driver of the car was drinking中的was drinking是主動語態(tài)，由從句中得知，小轎車司機是喝醉了酒，應用be+v-ed構成的系表結構來表示：The driver of the car的精神狀態(tài)。6.thinkthought。考查動詞時態(tài)的辨別。句子All the people there th

25、ink the car driver was to blame主句中的謂語動詞think應與從句中的謂語動詞保持時間上的一致，須用一般過去時。7.WhichAs。考查定語從句引導詞的辨析。句子Which is reported in the news reports, drunk driving causes many people中的Which is reported in the news reports是定語從句中的從句，drunk driving causes many people是主句，本定語從句中能夠代替一個句子內容的引導詞，只有as。 8. lose前加to。考查固定搭配的用法

26、。句子 driving causes many people lose their lives中的固定搭配cause somebody to do something，表示 “導致/引發(fā)/引起”意義時，其后跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。9.accidentaccidents。考查名詞數別的判斷。句子 such as the accident that happened in Hangzhou and Chengdu表述中的accident須用復數形式,應與that引導的定語從句中出現的in Hangzhou and Chengdu語意相吻合。10.preventprevented或加sho

27、uld。考查虛擬語氣的用法。句子It is high time that we prevent drunk driving表述中的that從句里的謂語動詞須用“動詞過去式或should+動詞原形”來構成虛擬語氣。句式結構為It is high time that 剛好（恰好）到了時候了。Passage 3本篇是一封游客對旅行社失信服務的投訴信。信中講到：作者參報了一個為期三天去峨眉山旅游的旅行社，當游客到了目的地后，竟然發(fā)現，旅行社的廣告宣傳與游覽景點和游區(qū)服務質量相差懸殊，所有承諾均未兌現，胡亂頂用，最后造成重點景點遺漏，憾事連連。作者強烈要求有關部門采取相應措施，制止類似事件的再次發(fā)生。1

28、.three-daysthree-day。考查復合形容詞的用法。文中 joined a three-days trip to E-mei Mountain里的three-days是復合形容詞，其由“基數詞+連字符+名詞單數”來構成，作定語，修飾名詞trip。2.littlefew 。考查同義詞的辨析。文中found a little differences between里的differences是可數名詞的復數形式，故其前few作定語，起限定作用。而little則與不可數名詞的單數形式連用。3.withwithout/anyno。考查邏輯關系。文中已經講明了游客坐的是沒有裝空調的車子，并且車

29、況很差。所以，此處應用否定意義的詞來表述。4.andbut。考查邏輯關系。作者反映盡管旅行社在午飯時提供了飯菜，但是質量很差，而且還有沙粒。所以，此處語義應為轉折關系。5.terriblyterrible。考查副詞的誤用。句子the food tasted terribly中的terribly是副詞，作狀語。而此處應用其形容詞terrible，置于系動詞tasted后作表語，才符合詞法要求 。6.bathebathed。考查動詞時態(tài)的辨別。句子In fact, we only bathe in cold water中的謂語動詞bathe應與全文背景時間保持一致，須用一般過去時。7.whatwh

30、ich。考查非限制性定語從句的用法。從句子結構來看，句子the guide took us to several expensive souvenir shops, what wasted us much time句中的souvenir shops，其后跟了一個非限制性定語從句來起補充或說明作用，因先行詞指物，應用關系代詞which來引導。而what則與定語從句無關。8.thea。考查固定習語的用法。句子As the result, two scenery spots were finally left unseen中的固定搭配as a result用作插入語，表示 結果，其中冠詞為a。9.

31、can后加be。考查情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài)的用法。句子We do hope something can done to prevent中的something是動詞do的承受對象，應用被動語態(tài)。同時，其謂語中有情態(tài)動詞can，故正確表達式應為：can be done。10.happenhappening。考查特殊句式的用法。句子to prevent such things happen again中的prevent句型搭配應為preventfrom doing something或prevent doing something，故應用happening。Passage 4本文是一篇有關運動有益于健康的

32、議論文。文章主題鮮明，論點突出，論據充分。文章全面揭示了生命在于運動的這一永恒主題的內涵。1.andbut。考查邏輯關系。根據文中 playing is one of man's itself characteristics. Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play兩個分句間的邏輯關系來分析，中間的關聯詞y應視為轉折關系。2.womanwomen。考查名詞數別的判斷。根據語境推斷men and woman是并列的兩個名詞作主語，按照語法要求，它們在數別上應當保持一致。    

33、3.callcalled。考查動詞時態(tài)的用法。句子Since many years ago, many adults and children have call their friends together 中的謂語動詞have call受since短語的影響，應用現在完成時。 4.playplaying。考查特殊句式的用法。句子their friends together to spend hours, even days play games里的句型搭配應為spenddoing something或spendin doing something，故playing符合句式要求。 

34、5. of 后加the。考查冠詞的用法。句子One of reasons why people like o play is that sports help them to move happily中，關系副詞why 引導了限制性定語從句，作定語，修飾先行詞reasons，表示特指，故其前面冠詞應為the。6.healthhealthy。考查動詞習慣搭配的用法。句子help to keep people strong and health句型搭配應為keep + 名詞/代詞+形容詞，由此判斷，此處應用healthy。 7.IfWhen。考查邏輯關系。句子If people are

35、playing games, they move a lot根據語境推斷：每天我們在運動的時候，對什么都充滿了精神。所以，該從句的引導詞自然為when了。        8. 去掉of。考查固定習語的用法。句子they move a lot of中的a lot相當于副詞，作狀語，修飾move。而a lot of相當于形容詞，作定語，用來修飾名詞。所以，此處of多余。9.makemakes。考查動名詞作主語的用法。句子Having fun with their friends make them happy中的Having f

36、un with their friends是動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞應用單數形式。10.watchwatching。考查動名詞作賓語的用法。句子Many people enjoy sports by watch others play中的by是介詞，其后跟動詞時，應用動詞-ing形式，作介詞賓語。 Passage 5本文是一篇記敘文，記述了作者與父親上周日去購物時所制造的一件令人極其尷尬的事。1.havehad。考查動詞時態(tài)的辨別。句子We have a lot of things to buy中的謂語動詞have應與全文背景時間保持一致，須用一般過去時。 2.去掉front前the 。考查

37、冠詞的用法。句子 stopped our car in the front of the shop中的名詞前有無冠詞，其意義甚遠。根據語境看來，此處表示車子停在商店門口的前面，即某一范圍外部的前面區(qū)域，front前須去掉定冠詞the。否則，front前須與定冠詞the連用。3.latelater。考查形近詞的辨析。句子An hour late, we came back to the car里的late，表示未按照規(guī)定時間到達某一地點，即“遲到”。later表示某一時間點以后若干時間，即某一點時間開始后。可是，此處表示“一個小時后，我們才”， 由此判斷，later符合語境要求。4.police

38、man前加a。考查冠詞表示類別的用法。句中So we asked for help中的policeman是可數名詞，其與不定冠詞連用表示類別，即“一類人，一種人”。由此判斷，作者和父親立刻請了一位警察來幫忙打開車門。5.ithe。考查指代關系。句中It was glad to help us里的it是指那位幫忙的警察，應用人稱代詞he來表示指代才符合邏輯。6.minuteminutes。考查名詞數別的判斷。句子A few minute later, he got表述中的minute須用復數形式,因其前面有a few來修飾。7.Howwhat。考查疑問詞的用法。句子How are you doi

39、ng with my car表述中的疑問詞因受動詞do with的制約，須用疑問詞what，若動詞為deal with,其疑問詞則用how。8.surprisingsurprised。考查-ing和-ed詞尾形容詞的用法。句子We were surprising and went to see表述中的surprising，只能與表示物的名詞或代詞連用，說明“令的”而surprised只能與表示人的名詞或代詞連用，說明“使的”。由此判斷，此處應為-ed詞尾的形容詞了。9.you前加do。考查特殊疑問句的結構。句子What you think we did then表述中的Do you think

40、是一般疑問句，其后跟了What we did then組成的賓語從句，按照句式要求，須構成特殊疑問句，便將疑問詞前移了。10.speaksay。考查同義詞的辨析。句子We had to speak sorry to the man again and again表述中的speak強調開口發(fā)聲或講什么語言，其后通常跟表示語言的名詞。但是，say則側重說話者的講話內容。由此推斷，此處say吻合與語境意義。Passage 6本文是一篇以第三人稱記述的顧客返回商場退貨時所發(fā)生的一件蹊蹺小事。1.goeswent。考查動詞時態(tài)的用法。句子Yesterday, Li Mei goes to a store

41、 to return a shirt without carrying the receipt中的謂語動詞goes應與全文背景時間保持一致，須用一般過去時。 2.refused前加was/got 。考查被動語態(tài)的用法。根據語境分析，句子she got there，she refused里的she是動詞refuse的承受對象，應用被動語態(tài)。3.ifunless。考查邏輯關系。句子The salesman said that he wouldnt take it back if she showed him the receipt根據語境推斷：若she不能提供購物發(fā)票的話，售貨員是不會接受退貨的。

42、所以，該狀語從句的引導詞應當是unless。        4.itthere。考查特殊句式的用法。句子Thinking it was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left中的it was no way out句型搭配應為there is no way，意為“毫無辦法”。5.guardguards。考查名詞數別的判斷。句子Suddenly two shop guard stopped her表述中的two已經表明了名詞數別狀況。6. 去掉for。考查

43、動詞近義詞的辨析。句子and began to search for her表述中，search for，意為“尋找”，后面跟人或物作賓語，表示未看見或不見了的東西或人；search，意為“搜查，搜身”，后面跟人或地點作賓語，表示：搜某人的身或在中尋找。由此判斷， 介詞for多余。7.carefulcarefully。考查形容詞的誤用。句子and looked at it careful中的careful為形容詞，常用作定語和表語。但是，此處被置于動詞looked at之后，應用副詞carefully，作狀語，表示注意的程度 。8.whatwhich。考查非限制性定語從句的用法。從句子結構來看

44、，句子Many eyes were staring at her其后跟了what made Li Mei very，一個非限制性定語從句來起補充或說明作用，指代整個主句的內容，應用關系代詞which來引導。而what不能用來引導非限制性定語從句。9.embarrassingembarrassed。考查-ing和-ed詞尾形容詞的辨析。從全篇看來，此處是說明或描述she的特性時，應用-ed 的形容詞才吻合語境意義。10.athe。考查定冠詞的用法。從末段來，此處是指前面在商城拒絕收貨的那個售貨員。英語中，當人或物再次被提到時，應與定冠詞the來連用。Passage 7本文是一篇說明文，介紹了作者所處的村子里發(fā)生了巨變后的所呈現出的村容村貌。1. 去掉been。考查被動語態(tài)的誤用。句中Great chang