1、非謂語動詞高考考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)向 非謂語形式是指不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞及過去分詞。它們是中學(xué)英語的重點(diǎn)，也是難點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是高考英語必考的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。15道單項(xiàng)選擇題中，對非謂語動詞的考查往往要有2道題，而且總會涉及各種題型，因此要非常重視掌握非謂語動詞的用法，掌握好非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及各種形式的句法功能，這是歷年該部分的命題重點(diǎn)所在。高考考題解析 考題1(NMET 典型例題 Ive worked with children before，so I know what_in my new job A expected B to expect C to be expecting D expects 解析

2、本句是考查非謂語動詞的用法，本句的意思是：“我以前做過兒童工作，因此我知道在我新的工作中將會出現(xiàn)什么情況。”句子中what是expect的邏輯賓語，故排除D，D項(xiàng)若改成will be expected答案才能成立。選項(xiàng)A作動詞用，語態(tài)不對，改為被動語態(tài)才行，作過去分詞用，其動作表示在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生，不符合題意，故排除。C項(xiàng)，動詞不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示動作正在進(jìn)行，不符合意思，故排除C項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)toexpect所表示的時(shí)間是將來，其邏輯主語為I，what是expect的邏輯賓語，符合題意，“疑問詞十不定式”是動詞不定式的一種特殊形式，在句子中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，可以作主語、賓語和表語。 答案B 考題2

3、(NMET 典型例題 The managers discussed the plan that theywould like to see_the next year Acarried out Bcarrying out Ccarry out Dto carry out 解析本句是考查非謂語動詞和定語從句的用法，句中theplan后跟一個(gè)定語從句，其中that是定語從句中的賓語，構(gòu)成詞組seesthdone。carriedout作see的補(bǔ)足語，意思為“經(jīng)理們討論了明年將要實(shí)施的這個(gè)計(jì)劃。”從that開始到句末是一個(gè)定語從句。這個(gè)定語從句的大體含義是： They would like to s

4、ee the plan carried out the next year 答案A 考題3(典型例題) Theyre not very good，but we like_. Aanyway to play basketball with them Bto play basketball with them anyway Cto play with them basketball anyway Dwith them to play basketball anyway 解析英語的句子有這樣一個(gè)大體規(guī)律：主語+謂語+賓語十狀語。在這句話里with them和anyway都是狀語，應(yīng)當(dāng)放在句子的末尾。

5、 答案B 考題4(典型例題) He sent me an e-mail，_to get further in formation A hoped B hoping C to hope Dhope 解析hope這一動作伴隨著sent me ane-mail同時(shí)發(fā)生，也就是說空格處是一個(gè)伴隨狀語，而伴隨狀語常由現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)。 答案B 考題5(典型例題) _in 1636，Harvard is one the most famous universities in the United States ABeing founded B.It was founded CFounded DFounding

6、 解析句意是：哈佛大學(xué)創(chuàng)建于1636年，它是美國最著名的大學(xué)之一。選項(xiàng)A用的是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式，它表示兩重含義；(1)被動，(2)正在進(jìn)行。此處只有被動的意味，沒有正在進(jìn)行的意味，故A錯(cuò)。選項(xiàng)B用的是句子，兩套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)需要有連接詞，而本句中沒有連接詞，故B錯(cuò)。選項(xiàng)C用過去分詞，過去分詞常表示被動和完成，在這里符合題意。 答案C 考題6(典型例題) The_boy was last seen_near the East Lake Amissing；playing Bmissing；play Cmissed；play Dmissed；to play 解析表示丟失了的孩子可以有下列兩種說法：(1)t

7、he missing boy，(2)the lost boy。 這就否定了選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D。第二空用現(xiàn)在分詞playing作主語補(bǔ)足語，強(qiáng)調(diào)那位丟失的孩子正在玩的時(shí)候(并非全過程)，被人們看到，即強(qiáng)調(diào)動作當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行。 答案A 考題7(典型例題) Tony wasvery unhappy for_to the party Ahaving not been invited Bnot having invited Chaving not invited Dnot having been invited 解析動名詞的否定形式是在-ing形式前加not，不管是一般式還是完成式，也不管是主動式還是被動式，

8、這就否定了選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C。由于本句中有被動意味，故選D。答案D 考題8(典型例題) _late in themorning，Bob turned off the alarm ATosleep BSleeping CSleep DHaving slept 解析句意是“為了早晨睡個(gè)懶覺，Bob把鬧鐘關(guān)上了”。作目的狀語，常用動詞不定式。 答案A 考題9(典型例題) One learns a language by making mistakes and_them A correct B correcting C corrects D to correct 解析by后接兩個(gè)動名詞作它的賓語，一個(gè)是m

9、aking mistakes，一個(gè)是correcting them。 答案B 考題10(NMET典型例題 _such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river AHaving suffered BSuffering CTo suffer DSuffered 解析本題同樣是考查分詞短語在句中充當(dāng)狀語的用法。本句句意為：“河流已經(jīng)遭受如此嚴(yán)重的污染，現(xiàn)在想要清理也許太遲了。”后面的句子動作發(fā)生在前面動詞suffer之后，因此，所設(shè)空中應(yīng)選用表示“已經(jīng)完成”狀態(tài)的現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，故選A (having

10、suf- fered)。選項(xiàng)B (suffering)表示與主句中動詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行或存在的情況，與it may now be too late意思不相符。C項(xiàng)(to suffer)不定式表示一種趨勢，與it may now be too late也不相符。題干中的already起到重要的提示與限制作用。 答案A 考題11(NMET 典型例題 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains_whether they will enjoy it Ato see Bto be seen C seeing D

11、seen 解析本題考查的是非謂語動詞的用法。句中的it是形式主語，而“whether they will enioy it”是主語從句。 “remain”是系動詞，意思為“(繼續(xù))保持，仍然處于(某種狀態(tài))”。 首先分析本考題題意：“到國外去旅行，當(dāng)然對這對老年夫婦是有好處的，但是他們是否喜歡到國外旅行，還要拭目以待。”whether引導(dǎo)的從句采用的是將來時(shí)，又因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ奖硎緦⒁l(fā)生的動作，所以在A、B兩項(xiàng)中選擇。“it”跟“see”之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系，故選擇B。 答案B 考題12(NMET典型例題 The research is so designed that once_nothing

12、can be done to change it Abegins Bhaving begun Cbeginning Dbegun 解析本題考查的是分詞在句中作狀語的用法。once begun=once it is begun；it指代 research；begin在本句中作及物動詞；once作連詞引導(dǎo)狀語(從句)。當(dāng)從句中的主語和主句主語一致，謂語動詞為Le動詞時(shí)，可以省略主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。 本考題的句意為：“這項(xiàng)研究是如此設(shè)計(jì)安排的，以至于它一旦開始就沒有什么可以改變它的。”為了正確作答，解這類題目可以先采取補(bǔ)全句子的方式。 答案D 考題13(典型例題) Prices of daily goods_

13、through a computer can be lower than store prices Aare bought Bbought Cbeen bought Dbuying 解析bought through a computer是一個(gè)過去分詞短語作定語修飾goods，句中謂語動詞為canbe。 答案B 考題14(典型例題) How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? The key_the problem is to meet the demand by the custome

14、rs Ato solving；making Btosolving；made Cto solve；making Dto solve；made 解析本題題意是“解決問題的關(guān)鍵是滿足顧客的要求。”to放在key的后面作介詞，后接動名詞；過去分詞短語made by the customers作demand的定語。make與demand是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。 答案B 考題15(典型例題) In order to gain a bigger share in the international market，many state companies are strivmg_their produc

15、ts more competitive Atomake Bmaking Cto havemade Dhavintg made 解析動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示努力的目的。這句話的意思是“為了在國際市場上取得更大的份額，許多國有公司正努力使自己的產(chǎn)品具有競爭力。” 答案A 考題16(典型例題) Quite a few people used to believe that disaster_if a mirror was broken Awassure of striking Bwas sure of having struck Cwassure to bestruck Dwas sure to

16、strike 解析動詞不定式表示將要發(fā)生的事，意思是“就要”。這句話的意思是“過去很多人都認(rèn)為如果鏡子破了，一定會引起災(zāi)難。”注意：be十形容詞后接不定式的主動式，不用被動式。如：The text is easy to understand這篇課文很容易理解。 答案D 考題17(典型例題) Though_money，his parents managed to send him to university A1acked B1ackingof C1acking D1ackedin 解析lack是及物動詞，后接賓語money。hisparents與lack是主謂關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。這句話的

17、意思是“雖然缺錢，他的父母親還是想法讓他上了大學(xué)。” 答案C 考題18(典型例題) Dont use words，expressions，or phrases_only to people，with specific knowledge Abeingknown Bhavingbeen known Cto beknown Dknown 解析know與words，expressions，phrases，是動賓關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語，表示被動。這句話的意思是“不要使用只有具有專業(yè)知識的人才知道的詞語”。 答案D 考題19(典型例題) to sunlight for too much time wi

18、ll do harm to ones skin AExposed BHaving exposed CBeing exposed DAfter being exposed 解析在這個(gè)句子中，will do是謂語，缺少主語，要用動名詞。expose與ones skin是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用動名詞的被動式being exposed。本句的意思是“在陽光下曬太長時(shí)間對人的皮膚有壞處”。 答案C 考題20(典型例題春招) In some parts of London，missing a bus means_tor another hour. Awaiting Bto wait Cwait Dto be

19、wamng 解析meandoingsth。的意思是“意味著什么”。mean to do sth的意思是“打算做什么”。 答案A 考題21(典型例題春招) When_，the museum will beopen to the public next year. Acompleted Bcompleting Cbeing completed Dto be completed 解析complete與museum是動賓關(guān)系，要用過去分詞completed作狀語，表示被動。這句話的意思是“這座博物館建成后，明年將向公眾開放。”to be completed作目的狀語，不與when連用。 答案A 考題2

20、2(典型例題春招) In order to make our city green，_. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees Bmanymore trees need to plant Cour city needs more trees Dwemust plant more ttees 解析In order to make our city green是目的狀語，其邏輯主語是we。在做這類題目時(shí)，一定要弄清楚其邏輯主語。 答案D 考題23(典型例題) The teacher asked us_so much noise Adont ma

21、ke Bnot make Cnot making Dnot to make 解析動詞ask之后接含有不定式的復(fù)合賓語時(shí)，to不能省略，其否定形式是ask sbnot to do sth 答案D 考題24(典型例題)_time，hell make a first-class tennis player AHaving given BTogive CGiving DGiven 解析句中主語he和give之間存在著被動關(guān)系，故須用過去分詞短語作狀語。 答案D 考題25(典型例題春招) MrSmith，_of the_speech，started to read a novel Atired；bori

22、ng Btiring；bored Ctired；bored Dtiring；boring 解析be tired of意為“厭煩”，指精神方面；現(xiàn)在分詞boring修飾speech，說明speech的性質(zhì)、特征。 答案A 考題26(典型例題春招) Friendship is like money：easier made than_. A kept B to be kept C keeping D being kept 解析前后句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該保持一致。easier made than kept= it is easier made than it is kept。 答案A 考題27(典型例題春招)

23、_the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement AThe president will attend BThe president to attend CThe president attended DThe presidents attending 解析若動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，須用“名詞的所有格形容詞性物主代詞+動名詞”；若不在句首作主語，也可用“名詞的普通格/人稱代詞賓格+動名詞”。 答案D 考題28(典型例題春招) Unless_to speak，you should remain silent at the co

24、nference Ainvited Binviting Cbeing invited Dhaving invited 解析unless invited=unless you are invited；若主從句主語相同，常把從句中的主語及助動詞be一起省略，這樣突出連詞所表達(dá)的意義。 答案A 考題29(典型例題春招) She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live Ato have played Bto play Cto

25、be played Dto be playing 解析動詞不定式可以表示將來動作；動詞不定式與所修飾的詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，和另外一個(gè)詞有主謂關(guān)系，此時(shí)要用主動形式表示被動意義：play a role in意為“在方面發(fā)揮作用”。 答案B 考題30(典型例題) The discovery of new evidence led to_. Athe thief having caught Bcatch the thief Cthe thief being caught Dthe thief to be caught 解析lead to意為“導(dǎo)致”，其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動名詞作介詞賓語。此處用了

26、動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。依據(jù)語境需要，動名詞用被動語態(tài)。 答案C 考題31)(典型例題) Generally speaking，_according to the directions，the drug has no sideeffect Awhen taking Bwhen taken Cwhen we take Dwhen to be taken 解析take與主句主語thedrug之間為被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。 答案B 考題32(典型例題) An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered_clear wa

27、rnings before firing any shots Ato issue Bbeing issued Cto have issued Dto be issued 解析order sbto do sth變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，則是sbbe ordered to do sth.，原賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語后形式不變。 答案A 考題33(NMET 典型例題 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_in the kitchen Asmoke Bsmoking Cto smoke Dsmoked 解析本題考查動詞的非謂語形式。語法環(huán)境是主語補(bǔ)足語。語

28、境是“告誡；忠告；警示”。根據(jù)“被動句中，動詞不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，不能省略to”，首先排除A項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)“主語補(bǔ)足語若與主語之間構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，主補(bǔ)需含有被動含義”，而hesmoked為主謂關(guān)系，因此，可以排除有被動含義的D項(xiàng)smoked；再根據(jù)smoking與to smoke所表示的時(shí)間關(guān)系，即主補(bǔ)動作若與句子的謂語動作同時(shí)發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行需用-ing形式，主補(bǔ)動作為一個(gè)動作的全過程或?qū)戆l(fā)生的動作則用不定式，可排除C。 答案B 考題34(NMET 典型例題 “We cant go out in this weather，”said Bob，_out of the window A1ooking

29、B to look C 1ooked D having looked 解析looking是非謂語形式，looking作said的伴隨狀語。 答案A 考題35(NMET典型例題 When flint_to the market，these products enjoyed great success Aintroducing Bintroduced Cintroduce Dbeing introduced 解析introduced是非謂語。flint與introduce之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 答案B 考題36(NMET 典型例題) The man insisted_a ta

30、xi for me even though I told him I lived nearby Afind Bto find Con finding Din finding 解析insist on doing為固定搭配詞組，意思為“堅(jiān)持要做”。 答案C 考題37(NMET 典型例題) Aman is being questioned in relation to the_murder last night Aadvised Battended Cattempted Dadmitted 解析attempted是過去分詞作定語，表示“預(yù)謀的”。 答案C 考題38(NMET 典型例題) The ol

31、d man，_abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland A to work Bworking Cto have worked Dhaving worked 解析分詞的完成式在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語。 答案D 考題39(典型例題春季) Suddenly，a tall man driving a golden carriage_the girl and took her away，_into thewoods Aseizing；disappeared Bseized；disappeared C. seizing；disapp

32、earing Dseized；disappearing 解析第一空所填動詞應(yīng)該與and后面的took形式一致，后面的動詞則表示結(jié)果，因?yàn)闆]有and，所以用+lng形式。 答案D 考題40(典型例題春季) After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，_ Aexhausting Bexhausted Cbeing exhausted Dhaving exhausted 解析exhausted形容詞，“精疲力竭的”，表示回家時(shí)的狀態(tài)。 答案B 考題41(典型例題春季) Im going to the supermarket th

33、is afternoonDo you have anything_? Ato be buying Bto buy Cfor buying Dbought 解析動詞不定式做定語。你有什么要買的東西嗎? 答案B 考題42(典型例題春季) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain_as the plane was making a landing Aseat Bseating Cseated Dto be seating 解析seated過去分詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，表示“坐著的”。 答案C 考題43(典型例題春季)Victor apologized for_to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able解析介詞for后面接動詞，用+ing形式，其否定應(yīng)該在+ing形式前加not。 答案C高考仿真訓(xùn)練 1.