1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上英語句子成分和英語句子基本結構一、句子的基本結構（5種）1、主語+謂語（s+v） 2、主語+系動詞+表語（s+l+p）3、主語+謂語+賓語（s+v+o） 4、主語+謂語+間接賓語（指人）+直接賓語（指物）(s+v+io+do)5、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語（s+v+o+c）二、句子成分：（主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、賓補、同位語、插足語）1. 主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。2. 謂語（predicate）：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態，常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任，放在主語的后面。3. 表語（predicative）：系動詞之后的成分，表

2、示主語的性質、狀態和特征。（常見的系動詞有: be, sound（聽起來）, look（看起來）, feel(摸起來，smell（聞起來）, taste（嘗、吃起來）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感覺）4. 賓語：1）動賓表示行為的對象，常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-介賓 3）雙賓語-間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）5. 賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。6. 定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。7. 狀語：用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。練習：劃分

3、下列句子成分。1He likes dancing. 2.He is a teacher.3.The food smells delicious. 4.Are you afraid of the snake? 5.He gave me a book yesterday6.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.7.We will make them happy. 8.Dont let him do that. 9.He asked her to take the boy out of school. 10.Ai Yanling is a

4、 chemistry teacher 11.He is our friend. 12.The man over there is my old friend13.I will go there tomorrow. 14.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.15. He began to learn English when he was eleven.16.The meat went bad because of the hot weather17.He didnt study hard so that he failed in the e

5、xam. 18.If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?動詞的語態1A new road _ near my s

6、chool next year.(2016，北京AbuildsBwill build Cis built Dwill be built2Paper _ first _ about 2，000 years ago in China.(2016，天津) Ais；creating Bis；created Chas；created Dwas；created3Students do less homework now.Usually it _ before 9 o'clock in the evening.(2016，重慶) Afinishes Bfinished Cis finished Dw

7、as finished4。He Jiang _ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. Ainvites Binvited Cis invited Dwas invited5Football _ to our school subjects last year.(2016，陜西)Ais addedBadds Cwas added Dadded6Why does the earth look blue in space?Because most of the earth's

8、 surface _ by water.Acovers Bis covered Ccover Dare covered7 Children should _ to be honest from a young age.(2016，青島)Aeducate Bbe educated Cpunish Dbe punished8The books _ well. Asell Bsells Cis sold Dare selling 9The novel _ by many people today.(2015，天津)Ais readBare read Creads Dwere read10.Did J

9、ack come to our party yesterday?No，he _.(2015，克拉瑪依)Adidn't invite Bwasn't invited Cisn't invited Dhasn't invited11These model cars _ in China in 2013.(2016，原創)Aare made Bwere made Cmake Dmade12.You can't wear shoes inside this place.It _.(2016，張掖模擬)Adoesn't allow Bisn't a

10、llowed Chasn't allowed Dwasn't allowed13Tourists' bad behavior _by the government in our country from now on.(2016，平涼)Awill record Bwill be recorded Crecords Dis recorded14.Nowadays Chinese _ by more and more people all over the world. A. is spoken B. was spoken C. speaks15Now smart phon

11、es _ in many ways in our daily life.(2016，長沙)Aare usedBis usedCare using16You are not supposed to go to a family party unless you _ to in the US.(2016，成都)Aare not invited Bare invited Cwill be invited17I plan to build an unusual home.It _ out of old things.(2016，江西)Ais builtBhas built Cwas built Dwi

12、ll be built18Every year many trees _ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.(2016，瀘州)Aplant Bhave planted Care planted Dwere planted把下列句子變為被動語態1.Grandpa buys a newspaper every day. 2.We use computers to search information.3. The teacher often repeats the story4. We should allow teenagers to have their own ideas. 5. You mustnt take photos in the museum. 6.Tom cleaned the room last night7.They will buy a new book.8.He did his homework yesterday把下列句子變為主動句。1.Tea is