1、現在分詞過去分詞不定式做狀語詳講及分析一現在分詞做狀語（表原因，時間，條件，讓步，行為方式，伴隨狀況，現在分詞與主句的主語一致，且形成主謂關系就是說現在分詞的動作發出者是主句的主語例如： Hearing the news , they got excited. When they heard the news,they got the news現在分詞 邏輯主語.從這個例句中看出，現在分詞的發出者是主句的主語they,且主句的主語與現在分詞形成主謂關系she got home, feeling very tird. 邏輯主語現在分詞主句的主語與feeling 形成主謂關系Crossing th

2、e road, I saw a girl crying. When I was crossing the road, I saw a girl crying. 注： 當句主句的主語與從句的動詞表示動作正在進行除了省略其連接詞because, if , once, when ,從句中的主語，還要省略其be 動詞When he was climbing the step, he heard terrible voice. Climbing the step, he heard terrible voiceBecause he is a child, he cant enter into the i

3、nterbar.Being a child, he cant enter into the interbar 當從句中出現主n/adj, 且該從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，用be 動詞的現在分詞形式即Being +n/adj.Being excited, he speaks incoherently. Because he is excited, he speaks incoherentyly.注意：當主句的主語與從句的主語不一致時，那么從句現在分詞是獨立的主格結構。從句中的主語不能省略。Wheather permitting, well go camping. If wheather per

4、mits, well go caming. 主語 現在分詞主語 主語不一致 形成主謂關系 從上面中可以看出，主句中的主語與從句中的主語不一致。從句中的主語與現在分詞形成主謂關系。因此，現在分詞前不能省略其主語He sat in the chair, his glaring eyes looking at her. I feel very excited, this being the first time to won the first. I feel very excited, because this is my fist time to won the first.3）有些現在分詞做狀

5、語是固定結構，要記住，如jugging from/by, gernerally speaking, turning to Judging from his accent, he must be a southerner.Generally speaking , his answer is right.Turning to the left, he saw a bus passing.二 過去分詞1）過去分詞做狀語（表原因，讓步，時間，結果。） 過去分詞與主句的主語的關系是動賓關系，即過去分詞與主句主語是被動關系。 The teacher came into classroom into the

6、 lab, followed by some students Teacher 與followed 形成被動關系 句意為老師進入教室，后面跟了一些學生。 The teacher came into classroom, following the students. The teacher 與following 形成主動關系。 Given a chance, I can surprise the world. He stood in front of the room with his arms folded.2）過去分詞的主語與從句的主語不一致，過去分詞用獨立的結構。其過去分詞前面也要帶上主

7、語。 All things considered, her survey is of great value than yours. 不是同個主語 從上面中，我們可以看到，things 與her paper 不是同一個主語.所以過去分詞前的主語不能省略。 三，不定式。不定式做狀語往往表示目的，原因，結果，比較和獨立的成分。表是原因，結果時，不可置于句首。 She shut the window in order to (keep the insects out) (表目的) To get a job, he need a PHD.He need a PHD in order to get a

8、job 注：當不定式位于句首時表目的時，相當與in order to 或so as to To find a job, he attended many interviews He attended many interviews in order to find a job. You were silly not to have have locked your car (不定式表原因) To be honest, I dont think we have a chance of winning. 常見的這類短語有to be frank (坦白的說)， be be exact(確切地說)，t

9、o begin with(首先)，to make a long story short(長話短說)等。Practice 1. The prisoner(罪犯),_ the guard and run away, was caught the next days.A killed B killing C having killed D being killed by2. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless_ every day.(2007四川高考)A watered B watering C water D to water3. He

10、is a student at Oxford University,_ for a degree in computer science.(2007北京高考卷)A studied B studying C to have study D to be studying4.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,_ in the natural light during the day.A to let B letting C let D having let5. John received a

11、n invitation to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.A finished B finishing C having finished D was finished.6. _in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A Having lost B Lost C Being lost D Losting7. Whether you believe it or not, it is _ that

12、 cause you illness.A because of your overweight B you are so overweightC because you are overweihgt D your being overweight8. All flights_ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A had been canceled B have been canceledC having been canceled D being canceled9. _

13、 the old houses, they built a beautiful garden in that area.A Pulled down B Having pulled down C Pulling down D To pull down 10 Thousands of people have been moving to Shenzhen since 1992, its population_ to over 10,000,000.A increasing B increased C has increased D has been increased11. Studies sho

14、w the electronic devices people have made use of_ music may be causing hearing loss in many people.A enjoy B to enjoy C enjoying D enjoyed12._, the vitamin C in them will be destoryed.A Vegetable cooked too long B Cooked too long C Cooking too longD Vegetables cooking too long13. The schoolboys and

15、schoolgirls are walking along the street,_ a small red cap.A each of them has B they each have C every wears D each wearings.14. Taiwan-borned filmmaker Ang Lee won the best director Oscar at the 78 Academy Awards,_ the highest honor in American movie fields.A to consider B considering C consider D

16、considered15._ the public shcools with the private school, the guide book gives us a clear idea aobut the differences between them.A Having compared B considered C To compare D To be compared.過去分詞作定語 過去分詞是非謂語動詞的一種形式，它既保留了動詞的某些特征，又具有形容詞和副詞的特征。下面重點談談它的定語功能。1. 位置單個過去分詞作定語時大都放在被修飾的詞語之前，過去分詞短語作定語時一般放在被修飾

17、的詞語之后。如：Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health. 被污染的空氣和水對人們的健康有害。Is this the book recommended by the teacher? 這是老師介紹的書嗎？請根據漢語提示完成下列句子。His father is _ (一個有經驗的英語老師). _ (大多數被邀請參加會議的人) were my old friends. Key an experienced English teacher Most of the people invited to the conference 2. 意

18、義過去分詞作定語，意義上接近一個定語從句；作非限制性定語，則相當于一個非限制性定語從句。如：The glass broken by my son has been swept away. (=The glass which was broken by my son has been swept away.) 被我兒子打破的玻璃已經掃走了。Hangzhou, known to the nation for its West Lake, has changed greatly. (Hangzhou, which is known to the nation for its West Lake, h

19、as changed greatly.) 以西湖聞名全國的杭州已發生很大變化。請同學們仿照以上例句轉換下列句子。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written. _ The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners. _ Key This will be the best novel of its kind that have ever been written. The book, which was written in 1957, tells the strug

20、gle of the miners.3. 特征一般來說，及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，表示一個被動的、已完成的動作；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，只表示該動作已完成，不表示被動意義。如：All the broken windows (=All the windows that were broken) have been repaired. 所有打破的窗子都已被修好。In autumn there are many fallen leaves (=many leaves that have fallen) on the ground. 秋天地上有許多落葉。高考鏈接 從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳答案。The Town Hall _ in the 1800s