1、第8講彰顯水平的強調句、倒裝句和There be句型特殊句式是英語中的高級表達，其中，強調和倒裝句型是最為常見的特殊句式，它們的準確使用能夠彰顯考生的英語水平，提高寫作檔次。另外， there be句型在寫作中也是一種 常見的高級表達。一、重點突出的強調句型強調句型可強調除謂語動詞和表語外的其他任何成分，如主語、賓語、狀語等。強調句型的靈活運用不僅有助于增強表達效果，突出要強調的重點，更能彰顯考生對英語表達的把握能 力。其基本結構為：It is/was+被強調部分+ that/who +其他。(1) It is not only your enthusiasm but also your te

2、amwork and good spirits that impress us.不僅是你們的熱情，而且是你們的團隊合作和良好的精神給我們留下了深刻的印象。(2016 天津)(2) It was by reading it a third timethat Tom got a thorough understanding of thepassage.湯姆讀了三遍才徹底理解這篇短文。1 .強調句型的寫法在寫作時，可以使用強調句型來提升句子的層次，寫作時可采用“四步法”。第一步：寫出一個句子I picked up an old bag on the playground last Sunday.第二

3、步：找出要強調的句子成分假如要強調地點狀語on the playground 。第三步：確定強調句型的時態是 is還是was原句用了一般過去時，所以此處的強調句型也用一般過去時，即 it was.第四步：套用強調句型：It is/was+被強調部分+ that +其他。It was on the playground that I picked up an old bag last Sunday.2 .強調句型的其他形式(1)Is/Was it +被強調部分+ that +其他？Was it on that farm that his father spent his childhood?是在

4、那個農場里他的父親度過了童年嗎？(2)特殊疑問詞+ is/was it + that +其他？What was it that made the girl so sad that day?是什么使那個女孩那天那么難過？(3)It is/was not untilthatIt was not until he failed the exam that he realized that he was wrong.直到他考試不及格，他才意識到自己錯了。3 .在寫作中使用強調句型時需要注意的問題(1)被強調的是人時，強調句型中的that可換為who,其余情況一律用that 。誤 It was on t

5、he playgroundwhere he got his left leg broken.正 It was on the playgroundthat he got his left leg broken.誤 It was last weekendwhen he ran into the stranger in the street.正 It was last weekendthat he ran into the stranger in the street.(2)被強調的事物無論是單數還是復數，一律用 is/was 。誤 It were these new books that made

6、 the children so excited.正 It was these new books that made the children so excited.(3)強調句型不能用于強調謂語，如果強調謂語，用 do/does/did +動詞原形。I do hope you can accept my application and I promise to do all I can to help them.我的確希望你能接受我的申請，我承諾會竭盡全力幫助他們。(2018 河南洛陽三模)即時訓練1】用強調句型完成句子1 .我昨天晚上在音樂會上看到的是你嗎？Was it you that

7、 I saw at the concert lastnight?2 .為什么足球賽必須被推遲？Why was it that the football match must be put off?3 .所有這一切發生在周一晚上。It was on Monday night that all this happened.二、平衡句子的倒裝句型在寫作中，倒裝句型應用比較廣泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒裝和全部倒裝。1. “only +狀語”置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。Only in this way can we students study happily and effectively.只有以這

8、種方式，我們學生才能愉快、有效地學習。（2015 湖南）2. none, neither , nor, not , never, hardly , little , seldom 等否定詞，以及由 no 構成 的否定短語如 at no time , by no means等置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。Wang Hua is very strong-minded. By no means will he give in to the difficulties.王華意志非常堅強，他決不會向困難屈服。3. 在so/such.that.結構中，當so/such位于句首時，其后的句子用部分倒裝，但tha

9、t從句不需要倒裝。So excited was I that I couldn ' t wait to try my hand at riding it.我太激動了，迫不及待地想試著騎它。4. as/though盡管（as引導讓步狀語從句時，從句必須用倒裝結構；though引導讓步狀語從句時，從句也可不倒裝）Young as/though she is , she knows how to get on well with her colleagues.她雖然年輕，但是知道怎樣和同事相處好。5. were/should/had. 如果（if引導虛擬語氣時，可省略 if ,從句部分倒裝）

10、Looking back , I feel I wouldn ' t be able to ride a bikehad I lost heart.回顧以往，我感覺如果我失去了信心就學不會騎自行車。6. here , there , now, then , out , in , up, down, on the wall , in the room 等表示地點、 時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用全部倒裝。Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.下一步，我讓他們自己

11、試一試。（2018 北京）【即時訓練2】用倒裝句型完成句子1 .直到那時他才意識到自己應該更努力學習。Only then did he realize that he should work harder.2 .李平那么幽默且樂于助人，所以我們都喜歡他。So humorous and helpful is Li Ping that we all like him very much.3 .附在這個郵件上的是我為我的團隊制定的培訓計劃，我希望你讀一下并提出建議。（2018 天津）Attached to this email is a training plan I have worked out

12、 for my team , which I hope you ' ll read and make some suggestions.三、there be 句型1 .there be的基本句型(1)there be 結構表示“某處有某物”，有不同的時態形式，而且可以和各種助動詞、情態 動詞連用。At eight on the morning of October 1, we are to gather at the gate of the OrientHotel , and there will be a minibus waiting for us.在10月1日早上8點我們要在東方

13、賓館門口集合，將有一輛小型公共汽車等著我們。(2017 浙江)There is plenty of fun for teenagers in summer , including going camping , going to the beach , going swimming at public pools and traveling locally with friends.對于青少年來說，夏天有很多趣事，包括宿營、去海濱、在公共泳池游泳、與朋友在當地游玩。(2016 四川)In spite of the large -scale construction of roads and h

14、ighways, there is stillmuch room for improvement.盡管大規模建設道路和公路，但仍有很大的改進空間。(2015 江蘇 )(2)在there be句型中，謂語動詞和后面的主語在數上要保持一致。如果有兩個或者更多的 主語，則與離動詞最近的那個主語保持一致，即遵循“就近原則”。 There is a pen , some books and a laptop on the desk.桌子上有一支鋼筆、一些書和一臺筆記本電腦。 There are some books, a pen and a laptop on the desk.桌子上有一些書、一支鋼筆

15、和一臺筆記本電腦。 . there be 的拓展句型(1)There be +主語+現在分詞/過去分詞(2)There be +主語+定語從句/同位語從句(3)There be + 主語+ for sb. to do.(4)There seems/appears to be. 好像有(5)There happens to be. 碰巧有(6)There is likely to be.可能有There used to be. 過去有(8)There is no doubt that.毫無疑問(9)There is no need to do.沒有必要做(10)There is no possi

16、bility that.是不可能的(11)There is no sense/point (in) doing.做沒有意義(12)There is no denying that.不可否認 There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.你應該提前了解唐朝的歷史，這是毫無疑問的。(2017 全國I ) There are a lot of problems for us to settle.有很多問題等待我們來解決。 There are a grea

17、t many boys playing football on the playground.有很多男生在操場上踢足球。即時訓練31翻譯句子1 .樓后面有一棵生長了好多年的大樹。Behind the building there has been a big tree for many years.2 .后墻上掛著一幅很舊的照片。There is an old picture hanging on the bac k wall.3 .這臺機器好像出毛病了。There seems to be something wrong with this machine.4 .過去這棵古樹后面有一座古廟。T

18、here used to be an 01d temple behind theold tree.綜合演練I .將下列句子改為倒裝句1.If you don ' t attend the lecture , I shall not attend it , either. fIf you don' t attend the lecture , neither/nor shall I.2.The nurses not only want a pay increase,but they want reduced hours as well.f Not only do the nurs

19、es want a pay increase but they want reduced hours as well.3 .The water in the bottle smells so terrible that I feel sick. f So terrible does the water in the bottle smell that I feel sick.4 .He was able to get back to school only when he was getting better.f Only when he was getting better was he a

20、ble to get back to school5 .They actually by no means broke the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.f By no means did they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.6 .My mother had hardly sat down when the telephone rang.f Hardly had my mother sat down when the te

21、lephone rang.1.1 t never occurred to Jack that he could one day become a top student in his class. f Never did it occur to Jack that he could one day become a top st udent in his class.8 .Though it is short , the article is very important.f Short though/as it is , the article is very important.9 .He

22、 didn ' t know what the Great Wall was like until he visited Beijing.f Not until he visited Beijing did he know what the Great Wall was like.10 .The door suddenly opened , and a group of students rushed in.f The door suddenly opened, and in rushed a group of students. n.用強調句型或倒裝句型完成句子11 .到目前為止，沒

23、有科學證據表明究竟是什么造成恐龍的滅絕。Up till now, there has been no scientific evidence about what it was that caused the death of dinosaurs.12 .這樣做，你不僅能夠提高你自己，而且會使你很快適應這個群體。（2018 哈爾濱三中二模）By doing this , not only can you improve yourself but you will get yourself involved in the group quickly.13 .直到失去健康我們才意識到它的價值。It is not until we lose health that we realize its value.14 .取得了那么大的進步，他的家人都很高興。Such greatprogresshas he made that his family is very happy.15 .一群年輕人走了出來，還在討論著那場表演。Out walkeda group of young people , still discussing the