1、實驗四配置路由器靜態路由、默認路由和RIPv2、ospf協議一、實驗目的RIPv2路由協議。本實驗主要用來練習路由器的基本配置，包括靜態路由、默認路由和二、配置靜態路由和默認路由1.繪制拓撲圖并保存，拓撲圖如下圖所示。連接說明：Router 2Router4路由器1型號為2516, 路由器2和路由器4的型號均為2501 ;路由器1的ethernet 0與路由器2的ethernet 0相連； 路由器1的serial 0與路由器4的serial 0相連；注意：在連接路由器 1和4的串口時，請選擇路由器4作為DCE端；2、以路由器1、路由器2和路由器4為配置對象，進行相關設置。 按下表逐個設置路由器

2、 1、路由器2和路由器4的相關接口的IP地址;Router1Router2Router4In terface Ether net 010.1.1.1255.255.255.010.1.1.2255.255.255.0In terface Serial 012.5.10.1255.255.255.012.5.10.2255.255.255.0舉例：對路由器1的兩個接口的設置Router>e nableRouter#c onf term inalRouter(config)#hostname router1/*設置路由器 1 名稱為 router1;Router1(co nfig)#i nt

3、erface Ethernet 0/* 切換到路由器 1 的以太網接口 0Router1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0/*設置該接口的 IP 地址等Router1(config-if)#no shutdown/* 開啟該接口Router1(co nfig-if)#e nd/* 退出特權模式Router1#conf t/*再進入配置串行接口0Router1(c on fig)# in terface serial 0Router1(config-if)#ip add 12.5.10.1 255.255.255.0Router1(c on

4、 fig-if)# no shutdow nRouter1(c on fig-if)#e nd對Router4操作:Router>Roti ter>enai3LeRoaterilconf 七Enter configuration cowiMands,. one per line. End with CNTL/E *Router (conf #hostnaiiie Router4Result:er-4 (Jeonfig') interf sORoater4(config-if> in add 12.5.10.2 255.255IiivaLid CQUunandEutar

5、4 Cacnfig-kf> #ip add 12厲丄口2 2552厲&QRouter4 Cconfig-i£)特no 呂h口七down%LLNK-3-UFDOWN: Interface SerialO, changed state to upRouteri(config-if> ttend%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface SeriaLO, changed state to down% LINE PROTO-5-UPDOWN : Line protocol on Interf 且 u 巳 SerialD , ctiangefl state to d

6、ownRouter4#對Router2操作：Rauter>enableRtrateroonf tHnter conf ignration oemmands f one per line. End with CJJTL/E .Ron七它r(uonf 1耳掛bomtnam總 tou七乜亍!？rou+er2 conf ig hostname Route r2(confiq)ffinterlace eORouter? (conrig-i f) #ip 電da 10 1 *1.2 255*255 23萬(JRouter?(config-if)#no sliut<lcwn%LIMK-3-UPD

7、OWN: Interface Etb« rnetO, atianged state to upRchiter? conf lg-i f) #etid對routerl操作：KouteoKjour-eonanieKjourernaont tmuter ogh±louration aommai'ids F one uer .line. £nd wi til chtl/z .Router (conti a) Whostnarne ronterlrouterl(conf1a>#intef euA% Invalid i nput detected at 1 *1

8、 marker *rout&rl(confi g)#i nterfaee «0routerl (conf i g- i f) # i p add 10.1-1-1 355 .95555.0rouitrl (conf i gr- if)shot down%LINir-3-UPDCiWN: Interfaatt Etliornat 0 r alia.ng«d stAt« to uprout«rl oonf i g- i f)rou七grl#oonf tEnter aonf igxira.t：i on commAnds one per JLina En

9、d wi th CNTL/2 rou七<3>rl (oonf i g) #i ntorfsqq sOto口tori(config if)frip add 12.5.10.1 25.255.255.0rou 七 <srl. (conf I g-if) frno Blnatdown% LINK 3 -UPDOWN: Intrfaae SrialQ f ahangrodto xiprout；srl (conf i g-if) #cnd.% LINK- 3 -UPDOWN: Interf acc Seri al 0 f changred s tate to down% LJNEPRO

10、TO-5 UPDOWNi: Line； prQ七QGQl qei HntuHfguu ScfIIO r uhdP百ud 尋七黑七心 七q down rout«Fl說明：其他兩個路由器的接口的IP設置，由學生參照路由器1的示例自己完成；注意：在設置路由器 4串口的時候，要設置其時鐘速率：Router4(config-if)#clock rate 6400 在路由器4上試著PING其他接口的IP地址，查看并分析結果；Type escape seqaenoe to abort,Sending 5, 100-tayte ICMP Echos to 10 + l .1 -1,timeout i

11、s 2 secoads:Snaeess rate is 0 percent 0/5, Tonnd-trip RcDterffping 1C »1.1,2mi n/avg/max = 1/2/4 dlsType escape sequence to abort.Sending 5 f 100-byte TCMP Eahos to 1C.1.±.2 ft imeout i s 5 seconds:zuin/avg/iuax = 1/2/4 ulsType escape sequence to abort;Sending 5, 100-byte ICMF Echos to 12

12、+ 5.10.1timeant is 2 seconds:Success rate Is 0 percent (C/5, Tound-trip min/avg/maj： 1/2/4 msRouter4# 切換到路由器 4,設置靜態路由；Router4(config)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.5.10.1/*目的站網段地址子網掩碼下一站地址 在路由器4上，按如下PING，查看各個結果，并分析原因；Router4#pi ng 12.5.10.1Router4#pi ng 10.1.1.1Router4#pi ng 10.1.1.2Routersttpi

13、ng 12.10.1Type escape sequence to aiiort,Sending 100-byte ICMF Echos to 12 5.1 +1f timeout is 2 seconds:aftSciccess rate is 0 percent (0/5) , round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 msRonter4#conf tEnter configuration aonunsnds, one per line, End wi th CNTL/ZRouterl<oonfigj #ip route 10 .1.1.C 255.255,255

14、.0 12-5.IQ.1Router4(aonfig)tRonter4#ping 12,5-10-1Type escape sequetice to abort.£ Sliding 5 r 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.5.1 . 1 f tinLeemt i s 2 geands:Success rate is 0 percent C/5) t TOTjnd-trip min/avg'/wax = 1/2/4 msRanter4ttping 10.1.1.1Typ已 esoape sequence to atiort.Sending 5 f 100-b

15、yte ICMP Echos to 1C 4 1 «1 -1 r titaec口t i s 2 seconds :蟲口ccess rate is 0 percent (0/5) t Tound-t rip m.i ./avg/niajc = 1/2/4 msKou 七 Ei-4|pin 耳 10 R1 _ 1 - 2Type escape sequeLiae to at>ort SendLng S r 100-byte ICtW Echos tc 10 J. 1 2 , tiuLeout- 1 s 2 seconds:I ¥ I « l>Success

16、 rate is 0 percent (C/5) t round-trip Mi n/av/iaax = 1/2/4 ms蟲口口七 er-4 查看路由器4上的路由表;Router4#show ip routeRouter4#show ip £。口七電Codes : C - coEinecteci, S - stat;icr I - IGRPf R - RIP F M - mob! le r B - BSPD - EICIRP, EX - ETGRP ejc七ernal f O - OSPF, TA OSPF i n ter area El - OSPF external type 1

17、f E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, Ll - IS-IS level-1 L2 - IS'IS level-2, * - candidate default n - per-user static rctiteGateway of last resort is not set10.0 + 0/24 is subnet七社1 subnetsS10.1.1.0 1/01 via 12,5,10.1Router4# 切換到路由器2上，配置其靜態路由；Router2(config)#ip route 12.5.10.0 255.255.

18、255.0 10.1.1.1Router2(confiq-i f)#exitRantar2eonf ig fjip r&trEw 12.5.10.0 255,255.255,0 10.1.1.1Router2(config> 帝 再次切換到路由器 4,再次PING，查看其結果與上次的不同，并分析原因；Router4#pi ng 12.5.10.1Router4#pi ng 10.1.1.1Router4#pi ng 10.1.1.2Route ir4*pi.Tiy 12.5 10.1Typesequence to aJ&srt *Sending 5r 100-byte I

19、CMP Echos tc 125.101 timeout is 2 seconds:S口crcess rate is O percent (O/5> r round-trip min/avg-/max = 1/2/4 msRoutar4 #pin? 161*1.1Typfi escape sequence to.Eendi 5 f 1ODbyte ICMP Echos to 10.1 _ 1.1 r timec口t; is 2 seconds :I l> I * ISuacess rate is Q percent (0/5> f round-trip min/avg/max

20、 1/2/-4 msRouter4#ping 10.1.1.2Rauter4# 切換到路由器2上，查看它的路由表；Router2#show ip routePouter2(confiq)KexitPouters# show ip routeodes: C - connected, S - stati a, I - I GRP, ft - RTP, M - mobile, B - BGFD - EIGKF, EX - EIGRP external r 0 - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaEl - OSPF ejcternal type 1, E2 - OSPF exter

21、nal type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-nser static routeSateway of last resort i s not setID . 0.0.0/2-4 is subnet ted r 1 subnets二工。工工0 is directly CQiuieat-ed.f Et;heniet;O12 *D 叮.Q/2-1 js siibnetP I512+1C»C 1/0 via 10 .1 .1 < 1S

22、uter刊 切換到路由器 4上，刪除靜態路由，設置默認路由；Router4(co nfig)# no ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.5.10.1/* 刪除靜態路由Router4(co nfig)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.5.10.1/* 設置默認路由Router4#show ip route*21122Gateway of last resort is to network C.0,0.0S* 0.0.0.0 1/0 via 12.5.10.1Rjonter4三、配置RIPv2和ospf路由協議1、設計如下圖所示的拓撲圖，

23、R1和R2通過連接，PC為以太網口連接，各接口IP地址設置如圖中已給出所示，路由器型號均為2610 ；172. 1.6. I, 0/241T2- 1&. 2.172 1& 3 0/242、自己完成路由器 R1和R2的各自的以太網口和串口的配置; R1的配置Rj口ter4 (aonfttuo ip ro口七巳 1C .1.1.0 555.255.2£5.0 12 . £ . 10.1Rctiteri (conf ig ip rotrt 已12.5.10.1Router4 (conf igshow ip ro口七它% Invali-d input; detect

24、ed at; R A ' marker Ronter4 (config fiexitRouter4<show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static r I - 1GRP, R - K工F, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRF, EK - EIGRP externalr O - OSPr, IA - OSPF inter areaO - per-oser static routeEl - OSPF external type 1E2 - OSFF external type L - IS-ISP LI - IS-IS

25、 level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2r* - candidate defanitRoRo 口 tot" AQrxpJb 丄乞ones ipesr- 11 nc；.Ro ciitci r 4 g q* nf 七CTJTL/Z RdJLcst- cson f i njriTn t- i on conuiirtind.i?* rRo 口 teir c o n.:T1 y ) #lios tmuate Ft 1R.1 (ezsanX 1 qr> # L lite r-JTcse eOK±(c?omigr-ir)a did X72 iL>i_ Jl 3

26、3 * 2 53 .NBn.DHJ. (eon±>gr-it J #noLINBT 3 UPDOWN: IntcTf ace EthcriiatO chariLcrad. 3ta±,c to 貝 1 (coiiXia-iCJ -WtidR1 *Gonf tKrxte?r' oor> r 1 guiTat口cnuuLsmclN 丁 口rfcu 區>&匸 > 1.m (oomigr) wmTeT-raae so141 (oon±igr-zf Ja_dLd 172 丄石2 丄% IttValidL 1 ilptjt detecte

27、d at * A * mark_er -R1 (ookirigr-1 £*) # >1* rtdd 17 2 B 1 ® . 2 B 11A% Iwraisd 1 npxit: dLeeot：ea attR1 (conf icr-if) #ir> add. 1.7 2.1-6 £ ：！ 255.255 2號5。 R1 (con_f i gr i f ) #no 3H11 tHowii Litfflr蘭一tTPDOWN : TatLe直uesR1 (onr ly- 1 f) ««Eid曲 LINK-J-叮時 DOW1M : 丄Sflf

28、Ht衣 ©fl% LINE PROTO 5 UPDOWN ; Li ncol id ciy ed st t d Lesta i_ip>set-i axo r t>TOVOCOilUFLNin越 ©Cl on Int；orf aoo Sor lOtXQ f chanqredtto downBl#R2的配置RO 口trE T->Pouter>«na±>XeCMTL/Z.Ronterconf tEnter ecnficpiratLon commands r one per line, End with i R口口t-econ

29、63;ig) ffhQStname R2R2 (GOHfig-if#Lp Add 172-16 3,衛 255 呈廳®,215 廳DR2(coaf i g-1f#no shutdown%LINK3-UPDOWN: Interface EthernetO f changed. state to R2 (conrig-if7) fendCNTL/Z.R2#oonf tEnter aonf l guratlon comiiiaiidfi , one per Line. End wi th iZR2 (Gonf i q #interface sOH2(conrig-irjip add 172

30、*16.2*2 255*255(confi i f#no shutdowni LINK-3-UPDOWN! Interf aoe SerialO r changed sta_te t6 up R2 (cortfig-if) #endPC的IP的配置:3、 分別查看R1和R2上的路由信息，在PC上互相測試連通性的情況，分析結果(未做);Ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRPf R - RIP, M - mobileT B - BGPD - EIG-RP T EX - EIGltP ejcternal, 0 - OS PF r LA -

31、 OSFF inter area £1 - QSPF external type 1, E2 - OS PF entemal type 2 E - EGPi - is-rsf LI - IS-IS level-1f L2 - IS-I£ level-2, * - candidate default U - p&r-user static routeGateway呂t resort Is not 呂e七172.16*0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC172丄右，1D is direatly connected, EthernetORl#R2

32、#R2#sh.DV ip routeCodes : C - CoruieCted f £ - sta.tl a t I - I CUP r R - RIP f M - mobi Le f R - BGPD - EIGRP f EX - El GRP euztema.11 O OSPP f TA OSPF i nter a_rea El - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF 七髯七ernal type 2, E - E<3Pi - IS-IS, LI - IS-IS Leval-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate

33、 default 0 - per-nser static rantsGateway of J.nst resort is net setR2#4、在R1上配置 RIPv2協議；參考命令如下：R1(config)#router rip/啟用 rip 協議R1(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.0.0申明本設備的直連網段R1(co nfig-router)#version 2默認的是版本1,這里改成版本 2Rl#c.onf tEnter confignration conmandsr one per line. End with CNTL/S.KI (c-onfig-

34、) frrou七&ripR1(configrQUtcr)fnetwark 172160.0R1(config-router)aversion 2KI(config-router)*5、在R2上配置RIPv2協議；參考命令如下：R2(config)#router rip/啟用 rip 協議R2(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.0.0申明本設備的直連網段R2(co nfig-router)#version 2默認的是版本1，這里改成版本2R3#conf tEnter conf ignva七了<?口 cQanjna.niis t onw per 1 in

35、eEnd witli CNTL/Z ,R2 (CQLifig) firouter ripR2 (conf ig-ro口匕總芝)172 1石 0 DR2 (conf ig-ront巴r)爭ver呂 i oll 2R2 (centigro口tir) #6、再查看R1和R2的路由信息，再測試兩 PC的連通性，分析此時的結果。R1 faanf ig-rauter) ffexitR1 (aontig) #exitRlstiow ip routeGodes; C - Gonnectedf S - static, I - IGRFf R - RIP, H - inofclie； B - BGFD - ETG

36、RP, EX - EIGRP eKternalp O - OSFF# IA - OSPF inter area El - OSPF external type 1 E2 - QSPF external type 2 T E - E<3P1 - IS-ISr LI - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 p * - candidate djefault U - per-口旨巴匸 static r口teGateway of last resort i s not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC172.16.

37、L. 0 is directly ontiectedp EttiernetOIm *R2 config-router>R2 conf igj #exi tR2stiow ip font;已Cocies: C - Gonnected, S -帚 t西t ic, I - I GRP, K - RIP t M - inobi le, B - BOPD - E工EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF 1口七& areaEl - OSPF external type 1t E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP1 -

38、IS-ISf LI - IS-IS level-lf L2 - IS-IS level-2f * - candidAte default U - per-nser stati c routeGateway of last resort is not set172 11 - QiQ/24 is1，皿門wt目C172lEdQ is directLy GQLmecte<lr SthernetQR2#在 PC1 pi ng PC2:C：>ping 172-16.3.22Pinging 172.16.3.22 with 32 bytes of data：Rjetjuest tinie<

39、3 out,Reqoest timed out.Request timed out.Request timed out.Rsquest timed ont-Ping statistics for 172.16.3,22:Packets: Sent 5, Received 0r Lost 5 100% Lcss tApprcMima.t r-oiiiicl trip tin. mi 1.1 i seooncis ;Minimum = 0ms t Matti mi-mi = 0ms t Average = 0msPC2 上 pi ng PC1C ; Aping 172 J,百 1 11172414

40、11 with 32 byts q£ data：Request timed, outRoquest t-lned. ant;. Heqriest tinted out,Request timed out.Re<iuest tilled, out.Fing statistics Cor 172 1石 *1.-：1丄： Pack&ts: Sent = 5t Received = 0, Lost = 5 (100 loss),Approximite round trip times in milli-seconds :Mi ninLiuiL = Ohib f MazimLLm

41、 = Dms, Average = Dins7、在R1上配置ospf協議;R1(config)#no router rip取消 rip 協議R1(config)#router ospf 1/啟用ospf協議，“1 ” 代表進程，可以啟用很多個ospf進程。R1(config-router)# network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0申明本設備的直連網段，屬于區域0,這里的172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 是反掩碼匹配。R1(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 8、在R2上配置ospf協議

42、R2(c on fig)# no router ripR2(co nfig)#router ospf 1R2(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R2(co nfig-router)# network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 9、再查看R1和R2的路由信息，再測試兩 PC的連通性，分析此時的結果。R1(config-router#network 172.16.2,0 0.0 0 255 area 0R1 (config-routeT #network 172,16-1,0+ area 0R1(config-routerJ#exitR1(aonfigfrexitRltfsbow ip routeCodes: C - connected S - static I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobiler B - BGPD - EIGRPr EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPFr IA - OSPF inter area El - OSPF external type 1P E2 - OSPF external type 2r E - EGP i. - IS-ISr LI - ISIS Le