1、【非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞】動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：（to） +動(dòng)詞原形19_在句中的作用（除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外的任何成分）構(gòu)成：V.-ing動(dòng)名詞用法（主、賓、表、定） 構(gòu)成：V. -ing / V.-ed （規(guī)則變化）分詞用法（表、補(bǔ)、定、狀）（一）動(dòng)名詞一、動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)名詞一般由動(dòng)詞原形+ing ”構(gòu)成二、動(dòng)名詞的句法功能功能例句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)Eati ng too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多對(duì)你的健康有害。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜歡打籃球。 Stamps are used for

2、 sending letters.由E票是被用來(lái)奇信 的。表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或 經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。介詞賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)His hobby is collect ing stamps. =Collect ing stamps is his hobby.多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn) 化成作主語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)She is in the readi ng room.她在閱覽室。We should improve our teaching methods.我們應(yīng)該改進(jìn) 教學(xué)方法。只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所 屬關(guān)系等。置于所修飾詞之前。注意：英語(yǔ)中有一些詞后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。我們初中階段常見(jiàn)的有：finish, m

3、i nd, be worth, be busy,practice, have fun, have trouble/problem ( in) , spend. (in) , feel like, be used to (習(xí)慣于)，give up, keep on, consider, suggest, cant help。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。完成實(shí)踐值得忙（ 繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（ 考慮建議不禁想（ 喜歡思念要介意（finish, practice, be worth, be busy ) keep on, be used to, give up) consider, suggest,

4、cant help, feel like ) enjoy, miss, mind )（二）動(dòng)詞不定式1、動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)的構(gòu)成不定時(shí)的基本形式為：to+動(dòng)詞原形，有時(shí)可以不用to,這里的to是不定式符號(hào)，本身無(wú)詞義，動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是not+ （to+ ）動(dòng)詞原形。、動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)To speak En glish is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak En glish.講央語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不容易。作主語(yǔ)用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把不定式放在后面。表語(yǔ)My work is to clea n the roo

5、m everyday.=To clea n the room every day is my work.我的工作就是每天打掃這間屋子。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主 語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)What sports does he like to play?他喜歡做什么運(yùn)動(dòng)？He likes to play basketball.他喜歡打籃球。只能做某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，一般不作介詞的賓 語(yǔ)。賓補(bǔ)My mother made me play the pia no all the time. 我媽媽讓我一直彈鋼琴。在 make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役、 感官動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to。

6、定語(yǔ)Have you got anything to say? 你有要說(shuō)的嗎？不定式作定語(yǔ)，要放在所修飾詞的后面。狀語(yǔ)rm sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，給你添麻煩了。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子的主語(yǔ) 一致。1.不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用 it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：lt+be+adj. ( + for/ of sb. )+動(dòng)詞不定式女口： To learn English well is useful. It is useful to le

7、arn English well.It important for us to protect the environment.注意：在kind , good, nice, clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。如：Its very kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好啦。Its very clever of you to do like that.你那樣做真是太聰明啦。2. 不定式作賓語(yǔ) 有些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)詞是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like, like, want, wish, hope, decid

8、e, pla n, expect 等。如：Would you like to see a film this evenin g? 你今晚想去看電影嗎？ 在find, think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面。如：I find it easy to read English every day. 常見(jiàn)的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式Why not do., Why dont you do., had better (not) do., would rather do, could/would/will you please (not) do.I would rather st

9、ay in the room.我寧愿待在房間里。3. 不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如：Lucy asked him to turn dow n the radio. 露西讓他關(guān)小收音機(jī)。tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage 后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：My mother en courages me to lear n Japa nese.我媽媽鼓勵(lì)我學(xué)日語(yǔ)。注意：還有一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞也用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，這時(shí)不定式要省略to。這些動(dòng)詞有：一感 (feel)、 二聽(tīng) (hear, lis

10、ten to )、 三讓 (let, make, have )、 四看 (look at, see, watch, notice )。 但變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，必須加上to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板讓我的朋友們工作了一整夜。4. 不定式作定語(yǔ) 不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后。它與名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。There is nothing to worry about. 沒(méi)有什么可擔(dān)心的。5.不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞 what, which

11、, when, where, how 連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。如:The teacher is telling the students what to do .老師正告訴學(xué)生們做什么。He did nt kn ow where to go .他不知道去哪里。例題()1. Toms mother told himeat ing too much meat.D: stoppedD: to do whetherA: stopp ingB: to stopC: stops()2. We dont kn owit next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li.A: what to doB

12、: to do whatC: whether to do()3. How kind you are! You always do what you canme.A: helpB: helpi ngC: to helpD: helps()4 Drivers should nt be allowedafter drinking, or they will break the law.A: driveB: drivi ngC: to drive()5. Water Park is a good placeA: to have funB: have funC: havi ng funD: to hav

13、e a fun()6. Take time to relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone. Relaxingallows youto your studies with more en ergy.A: returnB: to returnC: returni ng()7. Nick, would you mindthose old jea ns? They look terrible.A: not to wearB: not wearC: weari ng notD: not we

14、ari ng()8. a volun teer is great.I think so. Some of us wantvolun teers for the London Olympics.A: Being ； beingB: To be ； being C: Being ； to beD: To be ； to be()9. Dont forgetyour history and politics books tomorrow morning.Than ks. I wont.A: bringB: to bringC: bringing()10. What abouta rest?OK. L

15、ets go out and have a walk.A: to takeB: takesC: tak ing()11. I like this set of sofa so much, but I dont knowit in my small house.Youre supposed to put it in the livi ng room.A: where to putB: why to putC: how to put()12. While we were running on the playgro und, Jack sudde nly stoppedand lay on the

16、 gro und, sowe all stoppedwhat was wrong with him.A: to run; to seeB: running; see ingC: running; to see()13. May I have a rest? I have already fini shedthe report.A: writeB: writ ingC: to writeD: written()14. I feel a bit hungry now.Why notfor dinner with us?C: to goD: do you goA: goB: did you go練習(xí)

17、()1. Granny ofte n tells uswater in our daily life.A: saveB: savi ngC: to saveD: saves()2. Richard tur ned off the computer after he had fini shedthe email.A: writeB: to writeC: writi ngD: wrote()3. We can use QQ to chat with each other on the Intern et.Really? Will you please show meit?A: how to us

18、eB: what to useC: how can I useD: what can I use()4. Wheres your brother now , Bob?I saw himin the street a mome nt ago and I told him.A: playing ; dont do so B: playing ; not to do so C: play; to do so()5. As tee nagers, were old eno ughwith housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishesand

19、clea n our own rooms.A: to helpB: helpi ngC: helped()6. Nancy is really a hard-work ing stude nt. We ofte n see herbooks in the classroom.A: readB: to readC: reads()7 Mrs. Smith made her stude ntsthe compositi ons three times a week.A: writeB: to writeC: writtenD: writi ng()8.Tom often makes his sis

20、ter , but yesterday he was made by his sister.A: cry; to cryB: to cry; cryC:cry; cryD: to cry; to cry()9. Youd bettertoo much time play ing computer games.A: dont spe ndB: not to spe ndC: to not spe ndD:not spend()10. More and more young people are trying to do someth ingthe old.A: servedB: to serve

21、C: serveD: serves()11. Why n otan En glish club to practiceEn glish?A. to join; to speakB. jo in; speak ing C. jo in; to speakD. to join; speak ing()12. When we came to the gate, he stoppedme go in first.A. to letB. to tellC. to allowD. to ask()13. She saw some boyssoccer on the playgro und whe n sh

22、e was on the way to the classroom.A. playedB. to playC. play ing()14. How about going shopp ing this weeke nd, Peter?Sorry, I preferrather tha n.A. to stay at home; go outB. to go out; stay at homeC. stay ing at home; go outD. Going out; stay at home()15. Its a good habitevery day.A. to keep doing e

23、xercise B. to stay up late C. to make much no ise D. to too much()16. Its hot. Would you mind mythe win dow. Do it as you like, please!A. to ope n; OKB. ope ning; Certa inly notC. clos ing; Of courseD. Open; Good idea()17. Who do you think youd likewith you, a boy or a girl?A. to let to goB. lett in

24、g to goC. to let goD. let go()18. The house was so dirty. They decidedA. clea n it upB. to clea n it upC. clea n up itD. clea ning up()19. I heard some onethe door andA. ope n; come inB. to ope n; to come inC. ope n; come intoD.to ope n; to come into()20. The girl was heardthe pia no in the next roo

25、m.A. playsB. to playC. playedD. playI. 選擇填空。()1. It is not easymaths.A. learns B. learn C. to learn D. learned()2. It is very niceyou tome about it.A. for , tell B. of , say C. to , speak D. of , tell ()3. It s too late. It s impossiblere by nine.A. of him to get B. for him to get C. him to get D. f

26、or him gett ing ()4. Joh n knowsa computer.A. how to use B. how use C. how uses D. how to using()5. Our teacher told us.A. careful B. be careful C. to be careful D. to be carefully()6. He asked meleave him alone here.A. don t B. not to C. notD. doesn t()7.1 have a lot of thingsthis weeke nd. A. do B

27、. did C. doing D. to do()8. There is a chair. A. to sit B. sitti ng on C. to sit on D. sit in()9. The questi on is easy.A. answering B. answer C. to answer D. answered ()10. My brother is not strong eno ughthe big tree.A. carries B. carried C. to carry D. going()11. He is too youngto school .A. to g

28、o B. not to go C. to saying D. didn t say()12. We made a firewarm ourselves up.A. in order B. to C. so as D. so that()13. My wish isa doctor. A. be B. to be C. being D. been()14. Come on! Pleaserun!A. get ready for B. got ready for C. get ready to D. got ready to()15. Our teacher let usthe compositi

29、 on every other line.A. writeB. to writeC. writi ng D. writte n()16. You had betterhere to help us.A. stay B. stayingC. to stay D. stayed()17. I have fini shedthe no vel .A. read B. to read C. reading D. being read ( )18. on the moon is not easy.A. Walk B. Walked C. Doing walking D. Walking ( )19. P

30、lease remember your book next week.A. to bring B. bringing C. brought D. bring( )20. I remember you somewhere before.A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. saw( )21. The film is worth .A. to see B. seeing C. see D. to seeing ( )22. The boy sat over there without a word.A. say B. saying C. said D. to say( )2

31、3. I saw him on the playground when I entered the school.A. running B. ran C. to run D. runing( )24. He sat at the table, a new magazine.A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading( )25. He had his bike .A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repair( )26. He stood up to make himself .A. see B. seen C.

32、seeing D. sawII. 完成下列句子，使意思相同，一空一詞。1. She is so old that she canSthewoisrkt.oo old .2. The police said to the thief, “ Put up your hands! ” The police told the thief up his hands.3. I don t know how I can get to the station.I don kntow get to the station.4. He said he would tidy the room.He said he

33、would have the room .5. I m so strong that I can carry the heavy tree.I m strong carry the heavy tree.6. Tom went to Paris for his holidays.Tom went to Paris his holidays.7. Mac hopes he can visit China one day.He hopes China one day.8. Do you say anything for yourself?Do you have anything for yours

34、elf?9. This boy is a student. His name is Jack.The boy is a student.10. Tom s mother saw that he was sitting on some eggs.Tom s mother saw on some eggs.11. I helped her with her English.I helped her English.(A) 用括號(hào)中的動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. We are so glad (hear) the news.2.I saw him (cross) the road safely and (r

35、un) away.3. You can t make him (do) what you want.4.I don t know where (meet) him.5. What makes you (think) I m a farmer?6. Did you see him (go) upstairs?7.It is better (put) your money in a bank.8.It is difficult for the boy (swim) across the river.9.I let him (go) early as he wanted (meet) his unc

36、le at the station.10. Will you help me (move) the bed?11.If he doesn t know, how (use) the recorder, you d better (show) him.12.He is the last one (leave) the office every day.13.It s bad manners (shout) in public.14.The boy is old enough (dress) himself.15.She is too ill (go) to school.(B) 填入動(dòng)名詞的適當(dāng)

37、形式 .1.Can you imagine yourself in a lonely island? (stay)2.I cant understand your at that poor child.(laugh)3.She didnt mind overtime.(work)4. To make a living, he tried , ,and various other things,but he had failed in all .(write; paint)5. We are looking forward to Marys . (come) .6.She was praised

38、 for the life of the child.(save)7.She ought to be praised instead of (criticize).8.Is there any possibility of our the championship?(win)9.He came to the party without (invite)10. Don t keep me (wait) for a long time.11. Knives are used for (cut) things.12. Can you finish (read) the book in three d

39、ays?13. The doctor was busy (operate) on the boy at that time.14. Stop (talk) and listen to me carefully.15. Thank you very much for (help) us.16. Granny is very ill and she doesn t feel like (eat) anything.17. The girl enjoys (listen) to light music.18. Do you remember (buy) me a beautiful skirt on

40、 my 13 th birthday?19. We couldn t help (laugh) after we heardftuhneny story.20. What about (go) out for a walk?n.用不定式完成下列句子1.Have you decided （怎樣度假）2t is dangerous （玩火）3.She was the first woman （環(huán)球飛行的）4. The boy was made （重復(fù)他自己的故事）5. The old lady looked at the children （穿過(guò)馬路）6.It took me much time

41、（算出這些難題）yesterday.7. The boss made the workers （一天工作十小時(shí)）8.1 don t know 會(huì)上說(shuō)什么）9. Can you tell me （在哪里能買(mǎi)到這本書(shū)）？10. （在何時(shí)何地召開(kāi)這會(huì)議）hasn t been dded yet.川根據(jù)句意改寫(xiě)句子1. The old man is so old that he can t work.The old man is too old .2. I don t know how I can get to the TV factory.I don t kno to the TV factory.

42、3. Mr. Gree n went back to En gla nd for a holiday.Mr. Green went back to England a holiday.4. Mike hopes he can visit the Great Wall on day.Mike hopes the Great Wall one day.5. Does he say any thi ng for himself at the meeti ng?Does he have anything for himself at the meeting?6. He is so strong tha

43、t he can carry the heavy box.He is strong the heavy box.7. He spe nt two hours doing the work.It him two hours the work.8. It s time for school.It s time school.9. It seems that she is an En glish teacher.She an English teacher.10. His father said to him,“ listen to the teacher carefully.His father

44、told him the teacher carefully.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（一）1. Im thirsty. Will you get me someth ing?A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eati ng2. It was great funa pic nic on the hill.A. to haveB. of hav ingC. have D. had3. Its bad for your eyescomputer games for a long time.A. plays B. to play C. play D. played4. -Do you o

45、fte n hear Joh nin his room?-Yes. Liste n! Now we can hear himin his room.A. sing; to sing B. singing; singing C. sing; singing D. to sing; singing5. Why not ?A. let him to go home B. to let him go homeC. let him go home D. to let him to go home6. They were made fourteen hours a day.A. work B. worki

46、ng C. worked D. to work7. Is it always easier friends than to keep them?A. making B. make C. to make D. made8. It Jack twenty minutes the math problem yesterday.A. took; to work out B. takes; worked outC. has taken; work out D. is taking; working out9. When you leave, dont forget off the light.A. to

47、 turn B. turning C. turn D. turned10. Who do you think youd like ?A. to make friendsB. make friendsC. to make friends with D. make friends with11. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries it too often.A. to eat B. not eat C. to not eat D. not to eat12. Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?This Sunda

48、y? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework this Sunday.A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done13. Sally had no pen yesterday morning.A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with14. John asked David how Christmas.A. celebrating B. to celebrate C. to be celebrated D. celebrate15. We all considere

49、d Mr Zhao teacher.A. be the best B. to be the best C. being best D. being the best16. Its very kind you to me the heavy bag.A. for; tell; to take B. of; thank; for C. to; speak; to have D. of; help; carry17. Have you decided ?A. to go with whom B. whom to go withC. whom go with D. with whom to go18.

50、 Her hope a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to win B. is to win C. winning D. will win19. The meeting room is big enough one hundred people.A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds20. Would you please pass me the knife ?A. to cut the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelonC. cutting the water

51、melon D. cutting the watermelon with21. It is better to teach a man to fish than him fish.A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave22. The policeman warned the young man after drinking.A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive23. What do you think is the best way the wild anima

52、ls?A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect24. I d rather on the land in a factory.A. work; than workB. work; workC. to work; than to work D. to work; to work25. My grandfather is used a hat in winter.A. to wear B. for wearing C. wearing D. to wearing26. I m sorry you enough help.A. have

53、given B. of not giving C. not to have given D. to have given27. Some students from Grade 9 do some for the old.A. volunteered to; clean B. volunteered; cleaningC. volunteered to; cleaning D. volunteered; clean28. The young man was often seen by the lake.A. to draw B. to drawing C. drawD. drew29. Tom

54、 is to make a living by himself.A. very old B. too young C. too big D. too strong30. I find him all about it.B. that necessary toD. it necessary to tell_ in a great hurry.B. to be C. being D. to being the same neighborhood with the lovely girl.B. happened to live in D. was happening to live it.A. ne

55、cessary to tellC. necessary it to tell31. The old man seems A. be32. I _A. happened living inC. was happening living in33. It tisme for supper now. Let _sA. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having34. You are not expected such long hours.A. to work B. working C. worked D. wor