1、SQ1型機械過濾器SQ1 Type Mechanical Filter使用說明書Operation Manual2012.10目 錄1、設備結構和特點31、Equipment Structure and Characteristics 2、過濾器的工作原理42、Working Principle of the filter 3、主要技術參數63、Main Technical Data4、濾料選用要求74、Requirements for selection of filtering medium 5、濾料填裝85、Loading of filter medium 6、運行及調試96、Opera

2、tion and debugging 7、安裝維修117、Installation and Maintenance 機械過濾器Mechanical Filter1、設備結構和特點1.1 SQ1型全自動過濾器，其工作原理是利用欲過濾水的浮力，重力及壓力自動進行水進水、過濾、出水、加壓及排污等工作，無需專人操作管理，具有較高的節水、節電、節人工。1.2 循環回流旁濾水通過回流壓力進入全自動過濾器，經過石英砂和無煙煤濾層，把懸浮物截流在濾層中，濾層阻力逐漸增加，促使平衡箱中水位升高，達到一定程度，形成真空發生虹吸作用，利用平衡箱中的清水反沖濾層，當達到平衡水箱下位時，反洗結束，進行正常過濾，這樣循環

3、作用，使過濾器不停運轉，產出清水。1.3 SQ1型全自動過濾器比常規壓力過濾器或重力式無閥過濾池節省基建投資50-60%（以單套設備計算）。1.4 SQ1型全自動過濾器比重力式過濾器節省電耗10-15%，比常規壓力過濾器省電20-30%。1.5 SQ1型全自動過濾器為重力式過濾器，工作壓力低，循環水回水壓力只需大于0.06Mpa就能正常工作，不要另外設置過濾循環泵。1.6 SQ1型全自動過濾器在單臺設備運行時可不裝操作閥門；如果有兩臺以上同時并聯運行時，需安裝進出水閥門來調節流量或維修時可通過閥門來控制單臺運行。1.7 排污閥是用來外部調節反沖洗強度的，調好以后一直不需操作變動。1.8 設備可

4、選用單層濾料和雙層濾料。單層濾料為石英砂，濾層填裝高度為700mm。雙層濾料上層為無煙煤，濾層填裝高度為400mm，下層為石英砂，濾層填裝高度為400mm，總高度為800mm。1、Equipment Structure and Characteristics: 1.1 SQ1 type full automatic filter uses the floating force, gravity and pressure of the filtered water to complete the activities of water inlet, filtering, water outlet

5、, pressurizing and sewage drainage etc automatically without operation by operators, which has saved much costs related to water, electricity and labor. 1.2 The circulation backflow sidestream filter water flows into the full automatic filter and through the quartz sand and anthracite filtering medi

6、um layers to let the suspended solids intercepted by the filtering medium. With the increase of the resistance among the filtering medium layers, the water level inside the balancing tank will also rise to certain level bringing the vacuum state, which then will lead to siphon action. The clean wate

7、r inside the balancing tank will be used to backwash the filtering medium. When the water level in the balancing tank declines to the lower level, the backwashing will end and the normal filtering process begins. The circulation activity makes the running of filter uninterrupted with output of clean

8、 water. 1.3 The construction cost of SQ1 type full automatic filter is 50 -60% lower than that of the traditional pressure filter or gravity valveless filter (for single equipment). 1.4 SQ1 type full automatic filter may save the electric cost by 10-15% as compared with gravity type filter and 20-30

9、% as compared with traditional pressure filter; 1.5 SQ1 full automatic filter is a gravity type filter with lower working pressure. The filter can work normally when the circulation backflow pressure is only a bit more than 0.06Mpa with no requirement for additional filtering circulation pump. 1.6 V

10、alves may not be installed if SQ1 full automatic filter works singly; while if two or more filters operate in parallel, water inlet and outlet valves shall be installed to control the flow rate or control the operation of single equipment during maintenance. 1.7 The sewage drain valve is applied out

11、side to adjust the backwashing intensity and no more adjustment is needed after completion of adjustment. 1.8 Single layer filtering medium or double layer filtering medium may be applied in the equipment. Quartz sand will be adopted for single-layer filtering medium with loading height of 700mm. As

12、 for double-layer filtering medium, the upper layer is for anthracite with loading height of 400mm and the lower layer is for quartz sand with loading height of 400mm and the total height is 800mm. 2、過濾器的工作原理過濾時的流程是：原清水經配水箱、U形管進入濾池頂部的布水擋板均勻地布水于濾料層中，自水上而下通過濾料層過濾，過濾水從水帽水系統進入集水區后，通過連通管流到沖洗水箱即出水箱，當水位上升至

13、出水溢流口時，過濾水就流入清水池。濾池剛投入運行時，濾料層較清潔，但當運行到一定的時間之后，由于濾料層中固體顆粒雜質的逐漸增多，因此水頭損失也隨之增加，水為就沿著虹吸上升管慢慢升高，等水頭損失增大到一定程度之后，使虹吸上升管中的水位升高到虹吸輔助管管口時，水便從輔助管中急速流下，依靠水流的硤氣和引射作用，通過抽氣管不斷帶走虹吸管中的空氣，是虹吸管形成真空，虹吸上升管中的水便大量地越過管頂，沿虹吸管下降管落下，這時，就開始了反沖洗過程。沖洗水箱的水經過連通渠、集水區和陪水系統從下而上沖洗濾料層，沖洗的廢水通過虹吸管，流入排水箱，從水封堰溢流至溝渠。在沖洗過程中，水箱的水位逐漸下降，約沖洗5min

14、左右，水箱水位下降到虹吸破壞器緣口以下時，虹吸破壞管會把器內的存水吸光，露出管口，空氣迅速從虹吸破壞管進入虹吸管頂，虹吸即被破壞，沖洗過程就此結束，過濾又重新開始。在濾池的運行過程中，遇到出水水質不理想，或是濾層阻力過大，這時，可以進行人工強制反沖洗。當打開人工強制反沖洗壓力管閥門，通過壓力水抽走虹吸管的空氣，即可達到人為的強制沖洗的目的。2、Working Principle of the filter: The filtering process flow is as following: Raw clean water flows to the water distribution ba

15、ffle at the top of the filtering tank through the water distribution tank and U pipe, then flows through the filtering medium layers from top to bottom filtering process, then the filtered water flows to the water collection area and then to the flush water tank through the connecting pipe namely th

16、e outlet water tank. When water level rises to the overflow, filtered water flows to the clean water tank. When the filtering tank is initially put into operation, the filtering medium is relative clean, but with the increase of the solid particles intercepted among the filtering medium after certai

17、n period of operation, the water head loss will also increase, then water will slowly rise along the siphon ascending pipe, then when the water head loss increase to the rated level and when the water level in the siphon ascending pipe rises to the level of siphon auxiliary pipe, water will flow dow

18、nward at rapid speed from the auxiliary pipe, which will take away the air in the siphon pipe through the water flow injection to make the siphon in vacuum state. Then water in the siphon ascending pipe will overflow the pipe top and drops along the siphon descending pipe, which start the backwashin

19、g process. Water inside the flush water tank will flow through the siphon pipe to the water drain tank, then from the water sealing overflow to the ditch. During the washing process, the water level inside the water tank keeps decreasing; after about 5 minutes of washing, the water level inside the

20、water tank will decrease to below the rim of siphon breaking pipe, then the siphon breaking pipe will suck all the remainder water in the tank and expose the pipe nozzle, then air will swiftly flows to the siphon pipe top through the siphon breaking pipe, which then break the siphon action and thus

21、terminate the backwashing process and the normal filtering process re-starts. During the operation of the filtering tank, if the outlet water quality fails to meet the requirement or the resistance among the filtering medium layers is too high, backwashing may be forced manually. Open the valve of t

22、he pressure pipe for manual forcing backwashing to draw the air inside the siphon pipe through pressurized water, then the purpose of forced backwashing manually may be achieved. 3、主要技術參數型 號：SQ1-50處 理 量：50m3/h進水壓力：0.1Mpa工作壓力：0.06MPa進水濁度：50mg/L出水濁度：5mg/L濾 速：7.5-10m/h反沖洗強度：14L/s.m2沖洗歷時：5min工作溫度：5-55處理

23、水質PH：5.0-9.5過濾器外形尺寸：2620×4200集水裝置：多孔板、排水帽設備重量：5300kg（不包括濾料重量）3、Main Technical Data: Type: SQ1-50Treatment capacity: 50m3/hWater inlet pressure: 0.1MpaWorking pressure: 0.06MPaTurbidity of inlet water: 50mg/LTurbidity of outlet water: 5mg/LFiltering speed: 7.5-10m/hBackwashing intensity: 14L/s.m

24、2Backwashing duration: 5minWorking temperature: 5-55PH of treated water: 5.0-9.5Outline dimension of filter: 2620×4200Water collection device: perforated plate, drain capEquipment weight: 5300kg（weight of filtering medium not included） 4、濾料選用要求4.1 無煙煤無煙煤濾料經機械加工而成，密度1.6，堆密度0.95克/cm3，破碎率0.58，磨損率0

25、. 8。無煙煤濾料的粒徑0.8 -1.5mm，不均勻系數<3，無煙煤濾層厚度400毫米。4.2 石英砂濾料機制石砂和天然石英砂都可使用，各地的石英砂比重略有差異，但一般都在2.65左右，莫氏硬6-7級左右。石英砂濾料的粒徑0.5-1mm/1-2mm，不均勻系數<1.5，石英砂濾層厚度400毫米。4.3 濾層填裝級配 項 目 濾 料濾料粒徑（mm）濾層高度（mm）無煙煤0.8-1.5400石英砂0.5-1.0300石英砂1-21004、Requirements for selection of filtering medium: 4.1 Anthracite: The anthrac

26、ite filtering mediums are produced through mechanical processing with its density of 1.6. Stack density: 0.95 g/cm3, shatter index 0.58; wear rate: 0. 8.The diameter of anthracite filtering medium: 0.8 -1.5mm, coefficient of non-uniformity <3, thickness of anthracite filtering medium layer: 400mm

27、. 4.2 Quartz sand filtering medium: Either fabricated quartz sand or natural quartz sand may be used. Quartz sands of different origins have slightly different densities, but normally about 2.65 with hardness of 6 -7 grades. The diameter of quartz sand filtering medium: 0.5 -1mm / 1-2mm, coefficient

28、 of non-uniformity < 1.5, thickness of quartz sand filtering medium layer: 400mm.4.3 Gradation of filtering medium: Item Filter mediumDia.of filter medium（mm）Height of filter medium layer（mm）Anthracite 0.8-1.5400Quartz sand 0.5-1.0300Quartz sand 1-21005、濾料填裝5.1 濾料在填裝時必須沖洗干凈，不得含有泥灰等雜物。5.2 濾料必須按級配要

29、求填裝，并需鋪平。5.3 濾料填裝完畢后，須進行沖洗，把不合格細砂和煤屑沖走，方能投入正式運行。5、Loading of filter medium: 5.1 The filter medium shall be washed clean with no dust or clay inside prior to being loaded; 5.2 The filter medium shall be loaded as per requirement for gradation and shall be flatly arranged. 5.3 After completion of load

30、ing of the filter medium, flush is necessary to wash away the disqualified fine sand and coal scraps before the filtering medium is put to official operation. 6、運行及調試6.1 開車前應具備的條件及準備工作（1）按照設計要求已全部安裝竣工；（2）人工強制反沖洗壓力管已接好，壓力不小于0.25Mpa；（3）調整好反沖洗強度調節器的開啟度；（4）濾料及墊層要嚴格按級配填裝；（5）將沖洗水箱充滿水，并清洗聯通渠，使排出水清凈為止；6.2 調

31、試（1）過濾器第一次進水或檢修后重新進水時，應緩慢進水，以便使濾料間隙內的空氣充分排出，消除“氣阻”。（2）打開進水閥半圈，對濾料進行小流量清洗，并排氣；（3）試驗人工強制反沖洗，使反沖洗時間維持在5min左右；調試反沖洗強度時，應從小強度逐步調整，直至反沖洗強度合適，為此，應根據所采用濾料之輕重，將反洗強度調節器之檔板至排污管管口的距離，從1/6D開始逐步往較大距離調試，直至所形成的反沖洗強度合適為止(此處的D指排污管的內徑)。6.3 開車操作（1）打開進水閥門，控制水量在設計范圍；（2）待沖洗水箱的水位上升至出水之前，取樣分析或觀察濁度要小于5mg/L，方可出水；（3）每小時巡回檢查各部，

32、并分析進、出濁度一次；6.4 停車操作（1）關進閥門，檢查各部是否正常（2）如停池時間長，將濾池內水排放。（3）如果是短時間停車（如三天左右），池內水不必排放，但在使用前，進行一次人工強制反沖洗。6、Operation and debugging: 6.1 Conditions furnished and preparations prior to start-up:（1）Completion of all the installation as per design requirement; （2）Already connection of manual forcing backwashin

33、g pressure pipe with pressure no less than 0.25Mpa; （3）Adjust the opening level of the adjuster for backwashing intensity; （4）The filter medium and the cushion layer shall be loaded strictly as per the gradation; （5）Fill the flush water tank full with water, and clean the ditch till the effluent wat

34、er is clean. 6.2 Debugging: （1）Fill the water slowly into the filter at the time of initial operation or operation restoring of the filter after maintenance to let the air among the filter medium completely drained out to eliminate “air resistance”. （2）Open half circle of the water inlet valve to wa

35、sh the filter medium at small flow rate and discharge the air; （3）Test the manual forcing backwashing to maintain the backwash duration about 5 minutes; during the debugging of the backwash intensity, adjust from the small intensity to the required level, therefore, the distance between the baffle o

36、f the backwash intensity regulator too the nozzle of the sewage drain pipe shall be adjusted from 1/6D to bigger distance based on the weight of the used filter medium till the applicable backwash intensity is got ( D represents the inside diameter of the sewage drain pipe) . 6.3 Start-up and Operat

37、ion: （1）Open the water inlet valve and control the water flow within the design range; （2）When the water level in the flush water tank rises to the overflow level, sampling the water for analysis and the turbidity shall be below 5mg/l before it being allowed to overflow; （3）Make inspection of each p

38、art and make analysis for turbidity of inlet and outlet water once every hour; 6.4 Shutdown（1）Close the water inlet valves and check to ensure all the parts are in normal working conditions; （2）In case of long shutdown, it is required to drain the water inside the tank completely. （3）In case of shor

39、t-time shutdown (about 3 days), the water inside the tank may not be necessarily drained and manual forcing backwashing is required prior to operation. 7、安裝維修7.1本過濾器結構簡單,進出水及反沖洗管均不需要設置操作閥門,本設備運輸到現場就位后接通進出水管道,排污管口就可投入運行,排污管口也可直接排入下水道。7.2 安裝設備要求垂直度偏差±1.0°。7.3由于設備上部清水區出水為集水堰流形式(清水區集水儲存為保證反洗時有

40、足夠的水源),故出水基本沒有壓力.要求出水端就近進入水池,水池上標高低于設備出水口標高。7.4 過濾器每年補充1次濾料(防止濾料摩擦損耗而降低濾層從而影響過濾性能)。先人工停止進水提升動力停止進水，放空，打開檢修人孔，補充濾料到設計高度。7.5 每2年檢修1次，檢查時，停止進水，并放空內部儲水，取出濾料，檢修人員進入設備內部進行檢修維護，檢查配水箱是否平衡，銹腐蝕的零部件要進行更換，堵塞的管件要疏通，最后補充濾料重新投入運行。7、Installation and Maintenance: 7.1 The filter has simple structure and it is unnecessary to install valves on water inlet and outlet pipes and backwashing pipes. The equipment may be put to operation when the water inlet and outlet pipes and the sewage drain pipes are connected after being delivered to the jobsite. The sewage may also directly drain to