1、Noun Clauses(名詞性從句)Subject Clause (主語從句主語從句)Appositive Clause（同位語從句）（同位語從句）Object Clause（賓語從句）（賓語從句）Predicative Clause（表語從句）（表語從句）第1頁/共45頁Find the subjects in the following sentences.1. A tree has fallen across the road.2. You are a student.3. To find your way can be a problem.4. Smoking is harmful

2、to you.5. What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. Its certain that we shall be late.第2頁/共45頁 主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句, 通常 放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替, 而本身放在句子末尾。 1. How the book will sell depends on its author. 2. That he is the best student in the class is obvious.主語從句主語從句第3頁/共45頁1T

3、hat he will come is certain.2Whether it will please them is not easy to say.3What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.4Which side will win is not clear.5Why he did it remains a mystery.6When they will start is not known yet.7How he became a great scientist is known to us all.8Who wil

4、l take part in the meeting has not been decided.9Whoever breaks the law will be punished.10Where she is from is unknown.Find the subject clauses in the following sentences, and translate them.思考：主語從句有哪些引導詞，這些引導詞如何選用？第4頁/共45頁主語從句的引導詞：從屬連詞 that , whether 連接代詞 who(ever), whom(ever), which(ever), what(e

5、ver)連接副詞 where ,when ,why ,how 第5頁/共45頁1）從屬連詞從屬連詞：that， whether等等.that 引導主語從句只起引導作用，本身無實引導主語從句只起引導作用，本身無實際意義，在主語從句中不充當任何成分，但際意義，在主語從句中不充當任何成分，但不能省略不能省略。 That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depe

6、nd on whether this problem can be solved.第6頁/共45頁.It was not clear whether the solid shape would last or not. Subject ClauseSubjectFormed SubjectWhether the solid shape would last or not was not clear.Real引導主語從句在句首只能用引導主語從句在句首只能用whether,有有it作形式主語的作形式主語的whether/if都可以都可以.Conclusion:ifIf第7頁/共45頁 注意: 由t

7、hat 引導的主語從句有時為了使句子結構平衡, 避免 “頭重腳輕”, 常用 it 作形式主語, 而把從句放在后面。 例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like each other is natural. _*it為形式主語為形式主語It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.第8頁/共45頁這樣就

8、構成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +從句 It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that 是事實 It is common knowledge that 是常識*_(很遺憾)we lost the match.*_(這是事實)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that第9頁/共45頁2) It is + adj. +從句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that.

9、 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明顯 It is necessary important natural. that當主句中的形容詞，名詞和動詞表示建議、要求、命令、愿望、責任或是表示對事物的驚奇、惋惜時，從句的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣（should)+do*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯)this measure is effective.It is important that we should work hard+(should) +doIt is possible that

10、It is obvious that第10頁/共45頁3) It +不及物動詞+從句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起*_(剛好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that第11頁/共45頁4) It + be +過去分詞+從句 It is said that. 據說 It is known to all that. 眾所周知 It is reporte

11、d that. 據報道 It is believed that.據信;人們相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建議It must be admitted that必須承認 It cannot be denied that 不可否認 It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(據報道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議)we should eat more vegetables and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is sug

12、gested that第12頁/共45頁2.連接代詞who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water .Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Which student will win the first is uncertain.第13頁/共45頁3)連接副詞連

13、接副詞when，where， how， why等。等。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.When they will set off is not decided.Where she is from is unknown.How we will paint the house has not been decided.第14頁/共45頁依據“缺什么補什么”原則確定正確的連詞。所謂“缺什么補什么”是指句型結構與連詞之間的關系。如果句子中缺主語，指人用who，指物用what；如缺賓語，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺時間

14、狀語用when；地點狀語用where；原因狀語用why；方式狀語用how；定語用what或which；什么都不缺用that。第15頁/共45頁Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when, who, why, how or that.1.( _ is needed for success) is your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.4.

15、(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.7.(_ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all.WhatWhen/HowWhere/WhetherWhoWhetherThat6. (_ the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research.Why主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。Conclu

16、sion:第16頁/共45頁注注 意：意：1.What you said is of great importance.2.What we need are books.3.引導主語從句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主語的whether/if都可以.2. 主語從句的 “that” 一般不能省。4. 主語從句后的謂語動詞通常用第三人稱單數，但“what、who”引導主語從句時，謂語動詞的單復數形式須依據整個句子的內容而定。 主語從句需注意的問題1. 主語從句中用陳述語序What you are doing is meaningful.第17頁/共45頁 1. _ you dont li

17、ke him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.3. _ he didnt come yesterday is unknown.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhyWhetherWhoever第18頁/共45頁 the cat domade What the cat

18、did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence30第19頁/共45頁talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30第20頁/共45頁report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30第21頁/共45頁Corr

19、ect or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention:主語從句的謂語用主語從句的謂語用單數單數形式形式 10第22頁/共45頁* If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Correct or not?Whether we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句放在名詞性從句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether,

20、不能用不能用if10第23頁/共45頁 Correct or not?Pay attention:注意注意虛擬語氣虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的在名詞性從句中的使用！在使用！在It is necessary important natural. that句型中，從句的謂語要用句型中，從句的謂語要用should+do 的形的形式式It is important that we should finish.*It is important that we will finish the work on time. 10第24頁/共45頁 Correct or not?Pay attention:此主語從

21、句此主語從句缺少成分缺少成分-賓語，賓語，故用作成分的故用作成分的what來引導，而不用來引導，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 10第25頁/共45頁 Correct or not?Pay attention:由由that引導的主語從句放在句引導的主語從句放在句首，首，that 不能省略不能省略。That he will give up*He will give up his job surprises all of us.10第26頁/共45頁

22、when I was just a little girlI asked my mother, what will I bewill I be pretty, will I be richheres what she said to meque sera serawhatever will be will bethe futures not ours to seeque sera sera, what will be will bewhen I grew up and fell in loveI asked my sweetheart, what lies aheadwill we have

23、rainbows day after dayheres what my sweetheart saidque sera serawhatever will be, will bethe futures not ours to seeque sera sera,what will be will benow I have children of my ownthey ask their mother, what will I bewill I be handsome, will I be richI tell them tenderlyque sera serawhatever will be,

24、 will bethe futures not ours to seeque sera sera,what will be will be第27頁/共45頁1. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there 2. The problem is _ he has enough time. A. if B. whether C. / D. that 3. He made a promise _ he would help me. A. what B. when C. t

25、hat D. whichBBC單項選擇單項選擇第28頁/共45頁4. I remember _ this used to be a quiet village. A. how B. when C. where D. what 5. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whereverBB第29頁/共45頁6. Can you make sure _ the gold rings? A. where she had p

26、ut B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put7. The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what8. _ Jack looked so excited is not clear. A. That B. Where C. When D. WhyC C D 第30頁/共45頁9. That is _ I had to take the risk of bei

27、ng washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what10. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever11. The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. whic

28、h A D A 第31頁/共45頁12. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether13. Difficulty lies _ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that14. I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important.

29、 A. which B. whether C. how D. whyB D B 第32頁/共45頁15. The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 16. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter17. I dont trust his promise _

30、he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that C A D 第33頁/共45頁18. She received the message _ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. what D. when19. Energy is _ makes things work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that20. Our city has changed a lot, and now it is quite different fr

31、om _ a few years ago. A. what it used to be B. that it used to be C. which it used to be D. what was itA A A 第34頁/共45頁21. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight, there are living things. A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever22. The true value of life is not in _ , but_. A.

32、 how you get; that you give B. which you get; what you give C. what you get; what you give D. what do you get; what do you give23. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. ItD C D 第35頁/共45頁真題詳解真題詳解1. -Are you still thinking about yesterdays

33、 game? -Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析: 這是由what 引導的一個表語從句, 在從句中充當主語, 這句話的意思為: 那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為A。第36頁/共45頁2. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C.

34、 what D. where 解析: 這是一個由why引導的表語從句,表示原因。這句話的意思是“這就是你離開的原因嗎?”, 故答案為A。A第37頁/共45頁3. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 解析: what 在表語從句中作 takes 的賓語,構成 It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案為A。A第38頁/共45頁4. When you answer questions in a job

35、interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A. what B. which C. when D. that 解析: 這是一個賓語從句, wants后面缺少賓語, Always give the monkey exactly what he wants. 是一句諺語, 意思是永遠給予他人他確實想要的東西。故答案為A。A第39頁/共45頁1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That

36、B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 第40頁/共45頁3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B. that C. what D. when4.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第41頁/共45頁Discovering usefu

37、l structures1. His discovery has not yet been proved.What _.2. Do the other astronomers accept his ideas? It remains a question. Whether _.3. The first appearance of life on earth is still a mystery to scientists. How _.has not yet been proved is his discovery accepts his ideas remains a questionis still a mystery to scientistsEx. 2othe