1、Discovering useful structuresAs the years have gone by, I have been made smallerand smaller.my family and I have been used by billions of people to deal with Information-I have truly been built to serve the human race-現在完成時的被動語態（現在完成時的被動語態（have/has + been+過去分詞）過去分詞） A calculating machine; replaceThe

2、 buildings; destroy ; earthquakeA calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop.The buildings have been destroyed in an earthquake.1. 1.A calculating machine A calculating machine has been replacedhas been replaced with with the laptop.the laptop.2.2.The buildings The buildings have been des

3、troyedhave been destroyed in an in an earthquake.earthquake.3. 3. The sports meeting The sports meeting hashas already already been heldbeen held in in our school. our school. Do the underlined parts have something in common?Discovering:has/have been done現在完成時現在完成時被動語態被動語態現在完成時的被動語態現在完成時的被動語態1構成：構成：

4、 主動語態主動語態 被動語態被動語態現在完成時現在完成時 have/has doneHe has been sent to study the new technology in the company.The dirty clothes have not been washed.Have the windows been cleaned?How many shopping centers have been built in this city?The Present Perfect Passive Voice （現在完成時的被動語態）現在完成時的被動語態）have/has been don

5、eLearning the structure:Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off. We have brought down the price. I have been told the sports meet might be put off.The price has been brought down. _現在完成時的被動語態的用法現在完成時的被動語態的用法 1.表示一個被動的表示一個被動的動作動作發生在發生在說話之前說話之前,強調對強調對現在造成的現在造成的影響和結果影響和結果.The door has been

6、 locked. 2.表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去,持續持續到現在到現在,并可能持續下去并可能持續下去,常與常與for 或或since引導引導的時間狀語連用的時間狀語連用,或用于或用于How long.?句型中句型中.The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.How long has the machine been used? 現在完成時的標志現在完成時的標志:recently /already/yet for+一段時間一段時間 /since+時間點時間點句型句型He h

7、as been sent to study the new technology in the company.否定句否定句:He has not been sent to study the new technology in the company.一般疑問句一般疑問句: Has he been sent to study the new technology in the company?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句: Where has he been sent to study the new technology?在在have /has 后加后加nothave /has 提前提前疑問詞疑問

8、詞+have (has)+主語主語+been+ V過去分詞過去分詞.+.?二、現在完成時的被動語態應注意的幾個問題二、現在完成時的被動語態應注意的幾個問題 1.請注意現在完成時的被動語態的兩個助動詞請注意現在完成時的被動語態的兩個助動詞,即即have/has和和been,兩者缺一不可。兩者缺一不可。 2. 請注意與請注意與一般過去時的被動語態一般過去時的被動語態的區別。一般過去的區別。一般過去時的被動語態所表示的動作或狀態與現在的情況時的被動語態所表示的動作或狀態與現在的情況沒有沒有聯系聯系,而現在完成時的被動語態則而現在完成時的被動語態則強調與現在情況的強調與現在情況的聯系聯系. The b

9、ridge was built last year. 這橋是去年建成的。The bridge has been built. 這橋已經建好了。3.請注意一些特殊動詞請注意一些特殊動詞,如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等構成的現在完成時的被動語態不能與等構成的現在完成時的被動語態不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應的意思的意思,則需改換動詞或時態。如則需改換動詞或時態。如: 誤 How long has this book been bought?正 How lo

10、ng ago was this book bought?但這類動詞的否定式可表示動作的持續過程但這類動詞的否定式可表示動作的持續過程,具有連續性具有連續性,因而可與因而可與since或或for引導的時引導的時間狀語連用。如間狀語連用。如:No books have been bought since last week.自上周以來,沒有人來買過書。1.They not have finished the homework which should be finished yesterday.2.Does the new program have been developed for the r

11、obot?3.How many have teachers been interviewed for the job?Has the new programhave notteachers have1. -How long _ at this job? - Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed 2.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _yet. (2003 上海

12、春季上海春季)A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided3. All the preparations for the task_, and were ready to start. (2000 北京春季北京春季)A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed BDD4. All the preparations for the project _,And were ready to start. A.completed B. had been completed C. complete D. have been completed5. Great ch