1、難題講解難題講解Cloze 第第40題題l句意：科學家們即將設計出一個實驗室測試診斷SARS的方法l解析：選項design設計；制圖；計劃（系統、 步驟等），強調書面的謀劃。cultivate, foster, develop 都有發展的意思，但cultivate強調“培養或（力求）建立或發展（某種關系）、 采取（某種態度）”；foster側重“培養，培育（某物）；鼓勵、促進某事物的發展”；develop表示“（使某人/某事物）發展，成長，強調最終的發展成果”，如：Weve developed the project from an original idea by Stephen. 我們根據

2、斯蒂芬最初的設想制定了這個計劃，故選C。 41l此題的迷惑點在于that 或whetherl首先從句意方面考察，句意應為：沒有抗生素或抗病毒藥物起作用的證據。由于后句（所以，醫生們只能提供支持性治療。）與此句是因果關系，故此句應為語氣確定的否定式。Whether意為是否，語氣不夠確定。l從語法角度考慮，如選whether，則最好的解釋是whether引導同位語從句（whether 可引導主語、賓語、表語、同位語、狀語從句）lAsk him whether if he can come. 賓從lThe question is whether he can do it. 表從lWe will he

3、lp him, whether you are in or not.狀從lAnswer my question whether you can help him. 同從lWhether引導同從時必須滿足同位語的基本概念要求-兩個同位語可以省略其一。如上句：answer my question. 或answer my “whether you can help him.” 回到原題：there is no evidence/ there is no whether antibiotics help.顯然這里的whether 從句不能還原出evidence的意義，所以此題只能用that引導的定語從

4、句。lP.s.:引導定語從句的引導詞可分為關系代詞that,which,who(賓格whom，所有格，whose)和關系副詞(where,when), whether不屬于這個范疇。 Grammar and Vocabularylseeml用法總結lseem可用作連系動詞或不及物動詞，意為“似乎；好像”，其常見用法現歸納如下：l一、l“主語l+ seem +（to be ）+表語”，表語多為名詞或形容詞，有時是其他的詞或短語，以說明主語的特征或狀態。例如：lTom seems （to be ） a very clever boy. lThe man over there seems to be

5、 a new teacher. l二、l“主語+seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem與不定式一起構成復合謂語。l例如：lMrs Green doesnt seem （或seems not ） to like the idea. lThe children seemed to be eating something in the room. l The young man seemed to have changed much. l本題解題關鍵：it seems to be和it seems that 可互換， 如涉及到過去式，則前者用it seems to have beenl三、l“I

6、t seems + that從句”，其中it 是形式主語，that引導主語從句。l例如：lIt seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. lIt seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. l l四、l“There + seem to be +名詞”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的單復數形式要根據后面作主語的名詞的單復數形式而定。例如：lThere doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. lThere d

7、ont seem to be enough chairs in the room.65l現在分詞短語做修飾語后置時需注意：l1. 現在分詞短語后置時主要表示主動，區別于過去分詞短語。l2. 涉及到時態時，現分短語表示除將來時以外的時態，即，這種情況下只有兩種時態：表示將來的不定式短語和表示其他時態的現分短語；兩種語態：表示主動的現分短語和表示被動的過分短語。注意：由于現分短語不能精確劃分時態，一般情況下主要用于進行時，如需強調過去時，可用定語從句。如the man who prepared the documents is the firms lawyer.2010lClozel本篇為說明文，

8、探討語言起源問題，需要的背景知識如下：l1. 語言誕生于文字之前，字母文字排列組合代表不同聲音從而對應有聲語言。l2.文字通過發展上升為文學，是人類語言的補充和升華l32.通過常識可判斷為sounds，語言是有聲的。通過第11行“those sounds”進一步印證該選項。l34.agree的搭配問題：lAgree with sb. 同意某人觀點lAgree to do sth. 同意做某事lAgree on/upon sth. 就。達成一致lSth. agrees with sb.合某人胃口、使舒適（agreeable宜人的）l容易引起誤判的習語：agree to disagree擱置爭議l

9、38. bring up 的用法總結：l1.養育成人l2. bring sth. up提及某事l題中用了該意義的引申義：喚起。相當于raise, evoke.lOur minds此處為借代，可理解為us。只有人有思想，用一事物特有的品質指代這一事物是借代的常見形式。Great minds think alike.理解為英雄所見略同。故此句理解為文字的聯想功能把事物帶到人們面前。l41. 注意調整詞序為recall happy and sad events to us，此處主語為words，只有recall（使。想起）主語可為人和物，remember, recollect主語應為人。注：reco

10、llect意為回憶起，記起。lI dont remember/recall/ recollect the details.lA church recalls peace and love to people.l42.read and recall 為迷惑項。Recall 大部分情況下做及物動詞，做不及物動詞時意為記得，通常用于固定搭配：as I recall.lE.g. as I recall, you didnt attend that meeting. 我記著你沒參加那次會議。l44. extensively broadly 表示范圍不表程度。lIntensive表示程度時意為：加強的in

11、tensive care; 集約化的 intensive agriculture.l西方沒有精讀泛讀之分，intensive reading強化閱讀是中國借鑒前蘇聯的叫法。lPowerfully這里等同于greatly，不宜直譯l50. 通過動詞語義并不能很好地辨識這道題，應通過搭配鎖定答案。lTransform/change sth. into sth.lConvert sth./sb. To .Grammar and Vocabularyl51. 介詞from, with可表原因lE.g.lShe got hurt from the accident.lHis face turned re

12、d with anger.lHe is soaked with sweat.l60.l哪些詞后用（should）動詞原型的虛擬語氣？l1.在具有愿望、建議、請求、命令等主觀意愿的動詞(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide ) 后的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。值得注意的是，如果賓語從句的動詞是否定的，否定詞not的位置應在動詞之前，而不是動詞之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient

13、 not be move. l2.lit is +necessary等形容詞后，that主語從句中虛擬形式使用，這類形容詞包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully. l3.l在lest 引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should )+ 動詞原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell

14、lest he injure himself. l62.l限定詞的排序：前位限定詞 (指量限定詞all, both, half等；倍數詞double, twice等；分數詞one-third, two-fifths等) +中位限定詞 (冠詞；指示代詞；形容詞性物主代詞；名詞所有格)+后位限定詞 (序數詞及last, next等；基數詞及few, several等)等。l如另有形容詞，則遵循限定詞+形容詞的順序 lHow was your recent visit to Qingdao?It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _

15、days at the seaside. A. few last sunnyB. last few sunnyC. last sunny fewD. few sunny lastl答案 Bl67. hang 的搭配lHang in the air l懸在空中lHang up (on sb.)l掛斷電話lHang over sb. l使。憂心忡忡lHang out l放松、玩耍lHang in there!l堅持住lBe hung with sth. l掛著。The wall is a painting.lHang by a tread. l懸于一線l69.lBitterl1.苦的 this m

16、edicine is veryl2.激烈的 argumentsl3.憤憤不平的 be about sth.l4.嚴寒的 weatherl固定搭配：fight to the bitter end 拼到底lFrozen 冷凍的、冰封的 yogurtlFreezing: 寒冷的 a cold day= a bitter cold dayl73.lLimit 主要指在數量、程度或時間上確定最大值，人或事物不可能或不可以超越它The Constitution limits the Presidents term of office to four years. Restrict 指保持在規定的范圍內， 如選擇或行動： The sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted to those over 21.Confine 暗示束縛性、限制性的或阻撓性的限制： All prisoners will be confined to their cells.Interest in Asia is no longer confine