1、as與whether讓步狀語從句和虛擬語氣讓步狀語從句一、whther連接詞 conj. 1. (引導名詞從句)是否Ask him whether he can come or not. 問問他是否能來。 I dont know whether you like flowers, sir. 先生,我不知道您是否喜歡花。 2. (與or連用,引導狀語從句)不管是.(或是)Well go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not. 不管我們能否找到所需的工具,我們要把這件工作做下去。 代詞 pron. 1. 【

2、古】(兩個中的)哪一個,任一個二、asAs引導讓步狀語從句倒裝的用法為了幫助同學們全面掌握讓步狀語從句的倒裝用法，本文將這類語法現象歸納為以下五種句型： 一、名詞 + as / though + 主語 + 動詞 King as he was，he was unhappy. 他雖是國王，但他并不幸福。 Child as he is，he knows to help other. 他雖是個孩子，卻知道幫助別人。 【說明】其中的動詞通常為連系動詞，也就是說位于句首的名詞是其后連系動詞的表語。另外，要特別注意位于句首的名詞前習慣上不用冠詞，即使其前有形容詞修飾也不用冠詞。比較： Boy as thou

3、gh he is， he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls. 他雖是男孩，卻喜歡與女孩子玩。 Strong man as though he is，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man， General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few

4、 weeks. 波賽將軍雖然堅強，但在過去的數周里也受到了嚴峻的考驗。 二、形容詞 + as / though + 主語 + 動詞 Successful as he is，he is not proud. 他雖然成功，但不驕傲。 Improbable as it seems，its true. 雖然看起來不太可能，但卻是真的。 Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 盡管聽起來很愚蠢，我是如此愛她竟然相信了她的話。 Patient as he was，he didnt like waiting tha

5、t long. 他雖說有耐心，也不愿等這么長。 Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那條項鏈雖然很漂亮，我們認為價錢太高。 【說明】其中的動詞也通常為連系動詞，也就是說位于句首的形容詞是其后連系動詞的表語。 三、副詞 + as / though + 主語 + 動詞 Much as I like Paris，I couldnt live there. 盡管我喜歡巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 Hard though they tried，they couldnt make her change her min

6、d. 盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒法讓她改變主意。 Fast as you read， you cant finish the book in two days. 盡管你讀得很快，你總不能在兩天之內就讀完這本書。 He was unable to make much progress，hard as he tried. 盡管他做了努力，卻未能取得很大進步。 【說明】有的詞典將 much as 作為習語看待，認為它是一個用以引導讓步狀語從句的復合連詞。再如： Much as I admire him as a writer，I do not like him as a man. 他作為一名作家我很

7、佩服他，但我卻不喜歡他這個人。 Much as I like you，I couldnt live with you. 我盡管很喜歡你，卻不能和你在一起生活。 四、動詞原形 + as / though + 主語 + 動詞 Object as you may，Ill go.縱使你反對，我也要去。 Try as he might，he couldnt solve the problem. 盡管他想方設法，卻未解決這個問題。 Search as they would，they would find nobody in the house. 無論怎樣搜查，他們在房子里仍然沒有找到一個人。 Dislik

8、e him as we may，we must acknowledge his greatness. 盡管我們不喜歡他，但必須承認他的偉大。 Lose money as I did，we got a lot of experience. 錢雖然丟了，我們卻得到了許多經驗。 Fail in the election as he did，he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 盡管落選了，但他卻以其反對奴隸制的激烈演說而出了名。 【說明】主語后的動詞通常為 may，might，would，did 等情態動詞或助動詞(若表示情態意

9、義，則選用情態動詞；若陳述事實，則用 did，do 等助動詞)。 五、分詞 + as / though + 主語 + 動詞 Raining hard as it is， Im going out for a walk. 雖然正在下著大雨，我還是要出去散步。 Surrounded as we were by the enemy，we managed to march forward. 雖然我們被敵人包圍著，但我們還是設法前進了。 Munching the apple as he was，he had got an eye for all Johns movements. 他盡管在一個勁地嚼著蘋果

10、，但仍警惕著約翰的一舉一動。 【三條補充說明】 1.這類倒裝的讓步狀語從句可用 as， though 來引導，不能用 although 來引導；但是，未倒裝的讓步狀語從句卻可用 though， although 來引導，而不能用 as 來引導。也就是說， although 引導讓步狀語從句時不能倒裝，as 引導讓步狀語從句時必須倒裝，而 though 引導讓步狀語從句時可以倒裝也可以不倒裝。如： 雖然很晚了，但我們還是繼續工作。 正：Late as though it was，we still went on working. 正：Though it was late，we still wen

11、t on working. 誤：Late although it was，we still went on working . 誤：As it was late，we still went on working. 2. 上面提到的倒裝結構有時也可用來表示原因，區別的辦法主要看句子的內容：讓步從句的內容大多數與主句在意義上相反，而原因從句則與主句之間有因果關系。比較： Tired as he was，he sat up late studying at night. 昨晚他雖然很疲倦了，但還是學習到很晚才睡。(表讓步) Tired as he was，he went to bed early.

12、因為很累，所以他睡得很早。(表原因) Young as he was，he was equal to the task. 他雖年輕，卻能勝任這項工作。(表讓步) Young as he was，he was not equal to the task. 他因為年輕，所以不能勝任這項工作。(表原因) 3. 在美國英語中，人們通常用 as.as 引導讓步狀語從句。如： Cold as it was， we went out.=As cold as it was， we went out. 盡管天氣冷，我們還是出去了。 Successful as he is， he is not proud.=As

13、 successful as he is， he is not proud. 他雖成功了，但不驕傲。 三、虛擬語氣could have done 本可以做（而實際上沒做）/本能夠做（而實際上沒做） would have done 本來會做 might have done 本來可能/本來應該或可以做（含輕微的責備語氣） should have done 本該做（而沒做）（帶責備語氣）一、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反，虛擬語氣的條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”。如：If you took a taxi，

14、youd get there quicker. 如果你坐出租車去，你可以快一點到那里。(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的電話號碼，我就可以給她打電話了。(可惜我不知道)二、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反，虛擬語氣的條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞)，主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”。如：If Id left sooner，Id have been on time. 要是我早點動身，我就準時到了。(但我動身太遲了)If we had found him

15、 earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我們當時早點找到他的話，我們就可以救活他。(可惜我們找到他太晚了)三、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反，條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”。如：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去嗎?(大概他不會去)If I asked him，Im sure hed help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他會幫助我們。(不過我不打算這樣做) 注意與說明：對于與將來事實相反的情形，請注意以下幾點：一是這里說的與將來事實相反，實為對將來情況的推測；二是此用法中的條件從句謂語除用過去式外，有時也用“should+動詞原形”(表示可能性極小，常譯為“萬