一、翻譯下列句子，注意選詞：1. 人民現在為什么擁護我們？就是這十幾年有發展。2. 由于全球氣候變暖，海平面在一點點地上升。3. 改革開放也使民族精神獲得了解放。4. 我們的企業應著重提高國際競爭力。5. 中國的現代化建設離不開與世界各國的經濟合作與貿易往來。6. 湖區水位提高可能要危及竹子的生長。這意味著以竹子為食物的大熊貓也將受到威脅。參考譯文：1. Why do people support us? Because our economy has been developing.2. The sea level is rising little by little in the consequence of global warming.3. Reforms and the open policy have also emancipated the minds of the people.4. We need to be enhancing international competitiveness.5. Chinas modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with other nations.6. Higher water levels in the lake area may endanger the growing of bamboos, which means giant pandas that feed on these plants will suffer, too.二、 物稱與人稱 （翻譯下列句子，注意運用物稱表達法） 我想到希望，忽然害怕起來了。 他氣得話也說不出來。 我一時想不起他的名字。 我疏忽了這個問題。 我興奮得什么話都說不出來。 走過草地幾步，我們就到了一個華麗的大酒店。 你只消仔細比較一下，就會發現不同。 一看到那棵大樹，我便想起了童年的情景。 恕我孤陋寡聞，對此關系一無所知。 憑良心講，你待我禮貌有加，我卻受之有愧。 參考譯文： The access of hope made me suddenly afraid. Anger choked his words. His name escaped me for the moment. This point slipped my attention. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel. Careful comparison of them will show you the difference. The sight of the big tree always reminds me of my childhood. My total ignorance of the connection must plead my apology. My conscience told me that I deserved no extraordinary politeness. 三、正說與反說 （翻譯下列句子，注意正說與反說的轉換。） 日子很快過去了，她做工卻絲毫沒有松懈。 他不在，我感到很寂寞。 我很高興看見你安然無恙。 他們的供應不足，冬季又將來臨。 他不自然地咳了起來。 你早晨來看我的時候，我還沒有起床。 他只顧自己，不顧別人，使得大家都很生氣。 她沒有同伴，只一個人坐在車廂一角動也不動。 是重力使我們不至于從地球上拋出去。 他下意識地舉起手來搔他的頭頂。 返回祖國的念頭始終縈繞在他們心中。參考譯文 The days passed quickly, but she worked as hard as ever. In his absence, I felt very lonely. I am glad to see you safe and sound. Their supply line was thin and winter was coming on. He coughed with embarrassment. When you called on me this morning, I was still in bed. His lack of consideration for the feelings of others angered everyone present. Travelling alone, she was sitting still in the corner of the carriage. It is gravity that keeps us from falling off the earth. He involuntarily raised his hand to scratch his head. The thought of returning to his motherland never deserted him.四、 外位語的英譯 高粱、玉米、黃豆，這些已經收割完了。 百花齊放，百家爭鳴，這是促進藝術發展和科學進步的方針 靠山腳有一排用竹子搭成的草棚，這就是三連的營房了。 他這件事做得多好，這真是了不起。 你不想做那工作，這是很明顯的。參考譯文： The sorghum, the maize and the soya-beans have all been harvested. Letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend is the policy for promoting progress in the arts and sciences. At the foot of the mountain was a row of thatched shacks, built of bamboo-poles. This was Third Companys camp. It is wonderful how well he did it. It is clear that you did not want t do that job.五、 被動與主動 （翻譯下列句子，注意被動與主動的轉換。） 關于這個問題，已經說得很多了。 請旅客在此填寫報關表。 全國到處都在興建新的工廠和中小型水電站。 那個孩子在街上玩，一輛摩托車把他撞傷了。 軍備競賽必須制止。 我們學院由四個系組成，下面有20個班級。 很抱歉，因為雨太大了，參觀博物館得推遲到明天了。 醫院立即收下那個重傷的男孩。 據謠傳，那場事故是由于玩忽職守而造成的。參考譯文： Much has been said on this question. Passengers are requested to fill in the customs declaration form here. New factories and hydro-electric stations of small and medium sizes are being built everywhere in our country. The boy playing in the street was injured by a motorcycle. The arms race must be stopped. Our college is composed of 4 departments which are subdivided into 20 classes. Im sorry to say the visit to the museum has to be put off till tomorrow because of the heavy rain. The boy who had been seriously injured was immediately admitted into the hospital. It is rumoured that the accident was due to negligence.六、句子的拆分和合并(一)、翻譯下列句子，采用合并的手段。1. 對我來說，我的水族箱 就像我自己的一個小王國。我就是里面的國王。(Aquarium ) To me my aquarium is like my own little kingdom where I am king.2. 這種床墊工藝先進，結構新穎，造型美觀，款式多樣，舒適大方，攜帶方便。The technological design of this bed cushion is advanced with novel structure ,beautiful shape and various patterns. They are comfortable and convenient to carry.3. 當前我們迫切需要有一個裝備優良、人員齊備、按照安全保護原則、本著一絲不茍的精神建立起來的先進核能實驗室。(well-equipped and well-manned/ meticulous discretion ) Currently, we are in urgently need of a modern nuclear lab which is built on the principle of excellent equipment, sufficient staff, safety and the morale of fastidiousness. （二）翻譯下列句子，采用拆分的手段。1 聲速隨溫度的升降會有輕微的增減，但不受氣壓的影響。The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls with decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.2 我們的班主任姓王，五十開外，方臉，一臉的胡子。(the head teacher responsible for our class) Mr. Wang, the head teacher responsible for our class, was over fifty. He had a square-shaped face with full beard/whiskers. 3. 一定要言行一致，理論與實踐密切結合，反對華而不實和任何虛夸，少說空話，多做工作，扎扎實實，埋頭苦干。(Deed and word must match /steadfast and dedicated.)Deed and works must match and theory and practice must be closely integrated. We must reject flashiness without substance and entry sort of basting. There must be less empty talk and more hard work. We must be steadfast and dedicated 七、重復詞語和重復結構的處理 (翻譯練習，注意重復部分的譯法) 我們的毛病還很多。我們不怕說出自己的毛病，我們一定要改正自己的毛病。 成績有兩重性，錯誤也有兩重性。 你不愿意落后， 她也不愿意落后。 不懂就是不懂，不要裝懂。 電子管通常用來放大，而真空管則是電子管的另一名稱。 沉默呵，沉默！不在沉默中爆發，就在沉默中滅亡。 一個地方有一個地方的全局，一個國家有一個國家的全局。 一個人的工作，究竟是三分成績七分錯誤，還是七分成績三分錯誤，必須有個根本的估價。 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 We still have many failings. We are not afraid to admit them and are determined to get rid of them. Achievements have a dual character and so have mistakes. You dont want to lag behind. Neither does she. We must not pretend to know when we do not know. An electron tube is generally used for amplification, and vacuum tube is another term for this device. Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence! A locality has its own over-all interest and a nation has another. We must have a fundamental evaluation of a persons work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent, or vice versa. Association with the good can only produce good, with the wicked, evil. 九、主語的選擇 英譯下列句子，注意選擇適當的主語 采用新工藝大大降低了產品的成本。 沒有順利，無所謂困難；沒有