賓語從句 注意！賓語從句小口訣：賓語從句三注意，時態語序引導詞；主句一般現在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應時；陳述句轉化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1概念:在句中擔當賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動詞賓語) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)2.連接詞(1) .陳述句轉化成賓語從句時，引導詞用that,口語中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引導的賓語從句, 主要用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。 a. 當從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic. b. 引導詞與動詞不定式或 not 連用時， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if當如果講時， 引導的是條件狀語從句， 這時不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時，引導詞用特殊疑問詞；引導詞后要用陳述句語序。E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you? 特殊情況：當do you think后接特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時，句式結構應為引導詞do you think陳述句語序。3.賓語從句時態a.當主句是一般現在時，一般將來時或祈使句時，從句不受主句的限制，根據自身的需要選用相應的時態。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.當主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應時態。例如：I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：當主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現象，科學原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現在時。例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人稱的變化和標點的使用a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變為賓語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如： “May I use your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 賓語從句的標點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、賓語從句的轉化1.2. 當主句謂語動詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結構。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.當主句的謂語動詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞不定式結構”。例如：I dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater to buy.3.當主句的謂語動詞是ask，tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉化來時，從句可以轉化成“疑問詞不定式結構”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導的賓語從句中，當從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結構。如：Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 當主句謂語動詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結構，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 能力提高練習1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where12. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say14. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen16. They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run17. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter18. Can you tell me _?A. what are you doing B. where do you study C. what you were doing D. what to do it19. He asked his father _.A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen20.No one tells us_， so we need your help.A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it21. Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking22. _ hell come or not isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What23. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why24. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry， Ive no idea.A./; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. did bought25. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how; another B. what; more C. how ; other D. what; another26. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA.A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone27. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow.Yes. But if it _， well visit the museum instead.A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains28. I dont know if he _tomorrow. If he _， Ill meet him.A. will come; comes B. comes; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come29. I really dont know if she _ it when she _.A. finds; arrives B. finds ;will arrive C. will find; will arrive D. will find; arrives30. Can you make sure _. the gold ring? A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put31. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 33. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 34. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 35. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me 36. Do you still remember _ at the meeting? A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 37. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? - Go straight and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way 38. -Can I help you? - Yes. I want a ticket to Suqian. Tell me _take to get there. A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 39. - I hear well have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach 40. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library 41. Do you know _ over there? A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is happening D. what did happen 42. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. why C. if D. where 43. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 44. Could you tell me _? A. which room he lives B. which room he lived C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in 45. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “1.75 meters”, but Im not sure. A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall 46. She said she _ me five letters in one month. A. has written B. will write C. had written D. wrote 47. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 48. I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 49. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if 50. Id like to know _. A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening 51. Could you tell me _? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 52. - Do you know _? Im going to see him. - Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Tom live B. where did Tom live C. where Tom lives D. where Tom lived 53. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held 54. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present. A. which B. that C. if D. what 55. Could you tell me _? A. who is she B. wheres the nearest fast restaurant C. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station 56. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come 57. - Can you tell me why _? - Because I want to help the people there. A. do you go to Tibet B. did you go to Tibet C. are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet 58. - Where does he come from? - Pardon? - I asked where _. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from 59. You must remember _. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said 60. Lily likes _. A. what her twin sister like B. what her twin sister does C. what is her twin sister like D. what does her twin sister do 61. - Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the plane? - Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can C. when can we D. when we can 62. Do you know what time _? A. does the train leave B. leaves the train C. the train leave D. the train leaves 63. - I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us? - He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 點擊中考1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. . A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone6. -Do you know _. the Capital Museum? -Next Friday. A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited7. He wanted to know _.the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have8. I want to know _. . A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _. ? -He is a doctor. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is10. -Could you tell me _. ? He is wanted by the head teacher. -Sorry, Ive no idea. But he _ here just now. A. where Tim; was B. where is Tim; was C. where Tim is; was D. where Tim is; is11. -Did Mrs. King leave a message? -Yes. She wanted to know _ this Sunday. A. who you would go shopping B. if you would go shopping with her C. that you will go shopping D. when will you go shopping with her12.-Im a teenagers mother. Sometimes I dont know . -Love and understanding.A. what my son needs most B. what does my son want to get C. why my son gets annoyed very often D. why does my son get annoyed very often.13. -I wonder _. without water -About a week. A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live 能力提高練習參考答案1. 參考答案D. 前一個if引導賓語從句，表示選擇“是否”，后一個if引導的是條件狀語從句表示將來的動作，所以用主將從現。2. 參考答案D. 我不知道后天他是否回來，賓語從句用陳述語序。 3. 參考答案D. where表示地點，最近的醫院在哪里。4. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序，已經說了是修理錄音機，所以不用what, 而用how.5. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序，whom作照顧的賓語。6. 參考答案A 主句用現在時態，從句不受限制，住在哪里用一般現在時，賓語從句用陳述語序。7. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序，從句是客觀事實，用一般現在時。8. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序。9. 參考答案B賓語從句用陳述語序，what在從句中做主語。10. 參考答案D 賓語從句用陳述語序，what在從句中做賓語。11. 參考答案C. 因為后面的從句是說他將回家，所以前面應該是我不知道他什么時間回家。12. 參考答案B. B是陳述語序，D可以用where you live或which you live in.13. 參考答案B. 賓語從句用陳述語序，what在賓語從句中做said的賓語。14. 參考答案A. 賓語從句用陳述語序，主句用現在的時態，從句根據事實用相應的時態。15. 參考答案C. 客觀真理用一般現在時態。16. 參考答案D. 距離多遠一般用how far，go是個瞬間動詞，所以應該用可以表示持續動作的動詞。17. 參考答案A. 主句是過去時態，從句要用過去的相應時態，所以C、D排除。What作賓語從句的主語。18. 參考答案D. what作動詞不定式的真正賓語。19. 參考答案C. 賓語從句用陳述語序，主句是一般過去時態，從句也用過去時態。20. 參考答案C. 因為不知怎樣做，所以需要你的幫助，如果是不知道做什么，會有人告訴你做什么的。如果對主語提問，則特殊疑問句的語序不變。21. 參考答案C. 如果對主語提問，則特殊疑問句的語序不變。22. 參考答案C. 后面有or not時，前面只能用whether.23. 參考答案C. 后面有or not時，前面只能用whether.24. 參考答案C. 在哪里買的電視，肯定是買回來了，所以應該用一般過去時，主句用現在時，從句可用任何時態。25. 參考答案D. 又一個五年之后，應用another.它將會變成什么樣子，所以應用what.26. 參考答案B. 賓語從句用陳述語序，has gone to表示已經去了，現在還在那里，has been to表示曾經去過，現在不在那里。27. 參考答案C. 賓語從句用陳述語序，后面if引導條件狀語從句，用主將從現時態。28. 參考答案A. tomorrow時間狀語表明賓語從句用一般將來時，后一個句子是if引導的條件狀語從句，所以用主將從現。29. 參考答案D. when引導時間狀語從句，表示將來的動作，用主從現。30. 參考答案A. 賓語從句用陳述語序，主句用現在的時態，從句根據事實選擇時態。31. 參考答案D 主句用一般過去時，所以從句的時態必須是過去的相應時態，賓語從句用陳述語序。32. 參考答案B 賓語從句用陳述語序，后面的時態是一般現在時，所以從句的時態也可以是一般現在時態。33. 參考答案A how many people在從句中作主語，賓語從句用陳述語序。34. 參考答案D 我想知道他的名字是什么。His name作主語，what在從句中作賓語。賓語從句用陳述語序。35. 參考答案D 他問我，我怎么了。What在從句中作主語，with me 作伴隨狀語，賓語從句用陳述語序。36. 參考答案B 你還記得在會上的時候，吉姆說什么了嗎？what作從句的賓語。賓語從句用陳述語序。37. 參考答案D 用where就不用the way了，所以排除A、C。which作從句的主語，賓語從句用陳述語序。38. 參考答案C 用多久時間一般都用how long提問，it在從句中作形式主語，真正的主語是to get there. 賓語從句用陳述語序.39. 參考答案C 你知道他教什么科目嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序。40. 參考答案A 主句是一般過去時，所以從句只能是過去的相應時態，賓語從句用陳述語序。41. 參考答案C 你知道那里發生什么了嗎？不可能一只發生也不可能是被發生，所以只能是正在發生，賓語從句用陳述語序。42. 參考答案A 由后面的答語可知，問的是時間，所以用when.43. 參考答案A 賓語從句用陳述語序。后面有時間狀語tomorrow，所以從句用一般將來時。44. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序，他住在哪里是表示狀態的，所以用一般現在時態，又因live是不及物動詞，后面不能直接跟賓語，必須加個介詞才可以，in the room, 所以后用介詞in.45. 參考答案D 由1.75 meters得知，是問他有多高，所以用how tall.46. 參考答案C 主句用一般過去時態，從句要用過去相應的時態，因為在說話的時候，已經寫了信，動作發生在過去的過去，所以應該用過去完成時態。47. 參考答案C 賓語從句中缺少waiting for 的賓語，所以應該用賓格whom.48. 參考答案D 我不知道他是否還住這里。因為不確定，所以應該用whether.49. 參考答案A what在賓語從句中做said的賓語。50. 參考答案D 賓語從句用陳述語序，如果選C的意思就是我非常想知道他一直被忙，不應用被動語態，D選項是合理的。51. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序。52. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序。53. 參考答案C 同上。54. 參考答案C 她想知道她媽媽是否喜歡這個禮物。Which表示哪個她媽媽，that只起連接作用，她想知道她媽媽喜歡這個禮物，想知道就應該是不確定，what已有the present，所以不對，if是否。55. 參考答案C 賓語從句用陳述語序，D選項太中式話了，可用where 或how 來提問。56. 參考答案C 因為有next week, 所以應用一般將來時，賓語從句用陳述語序，后面有if條件狀語從句表將來，所以用主將從現。57. 參考答案D 賓語從句用陳述語序。58. 參考答案B 主句用一般過去時態，從句要用過去的相應時態，賓語從句中用陳述語序。59. 參考答案A 賓語從句用陳述語序，主從句需要連接詞連接兩個句子，不能選C。60. 參考答案B 莉莉喜歡她的雙胞胎姐姐喜歡的。因為主句中已有表示一般現在時態的likes,