專題一 名詞學前自測（發覺考點）()1.Notmuchofthe____issurprisinginGuangzhouDailytoday.A.ideasB.newsC.opinionsD.articles()2.—Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?—____,please.A.Twobottleoforange B.TwobottleoforangesC.Twobottlesoforange D.Twobottlesoforanges()3.—Ihad___forbreakfastthismorning.Whataboutyou,Lily?—Justapieceofbread.A.somenoodles B.afewnoodleC.alittlenoodle D.anoodle()4.Whenweareintrouble,weneedtoget___fromothers.A.manymoney B.someadviceC.manyhelp D.somechances()5.Greenrepresents____andnature.Whenyoufeelweak,youcanweargreen.A.sadness B.purity C.joy D.energy()6.Mickeyisoneofthemostfamous____inAmerican_____.A.symbol;culture B.symbol;culturesC.symbols;culture D.symbols;cultures()7.SpringisTom’sfavourite____.Helikeswarmweather.A.holiday B.season C.fruit D.drink()8.Inautumntherearealotof____ontheground.A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.leave()9.Look!Youcanseemany___inthepool.Andhereissome___foryoutokeepthem.A.fish;suggestion B.fishes;advicesC.fish;advice D.fishes;suggestion()10.___Dayiscoming.Iwillbuysome____forMissWu.A.Teacher's;flower B.Teachers';flowersC.Teachers';flower D.Teacher's;flowers常考考點學問清單（研習考點）考點一可數名詞的復數形式1.規則改變狀況構成方法例詞一般狀況加-spen—pens;doctor—doctors;map—maps以s,x,ch,sh結尾加-esbus—buses;box—boxes;watch—watches;brush—brushes以輔音字母加y結尾將y變為I再加-esfactory—factories;family—families狀況構成方法例詞以元音字母加y結尾只加-sboy—boys;day—days以o結尾有生命的加-esNegro—Negroes;hero—heroes;potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes巧記:黑人英雄喜愛吃土豆和西紅柿。(兩人兩菜)無生命的加-sphoto—photos;radio—radios;piano—pianos狀況構成方法例詞以f或fe結尾將f或fe變為v再加-eswife—wives;thief—thieves;shelf—shelves;knife—knives;wolf—wolves;half—halves;leaf—leaves;life—lives巧記:妻見小偷架下藏,手拿小刀想殺狼,誰知落下半片葉,砸在頭上一命亡。加-sroof—roofs2.不規則改變(1)man—men;woman—women;child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth;goose—geese;mouse—mice(2)單復數相同:sheep—sheep;deer—deer;fish—fish留意:fish強調魚的條數的時候,單復數同形;強調魚的種類的時候,復數形式要加-es,即fishes。(3)某國人變復數的歌訣:中日不變英法變,其余-s加后面。Chinese—Chinese;Japanese—Japanese;Englishman—Englishmen;American—Americans(4)有些名詞本身是復數形式,如:clothes;pants;trousers;jeans;shorts;glasses;people等。留意:people當“人們”講時,本身是復數形式;當“民族”講時,是單數形式,其復數要在末尾加-s。apeople;56peoples3.復合名詞的數(1)一般狀況下把后面一個名詞變為復數,作定語的名詞不變。agirlstudent—fivegirlstudents;anappletree—tenappletrees(2)由man和woman構成的復合名詞,變復數時要把名詞和man/woman同時變為復數。amandoctor—threemendoctors;awomanteacher—sixwomenteachers(3)sport作定語修飾其他名詞時,無論主題詞是單數還是復數,sport通常用復數形式。asportsclub;sportsshoes留意:時間名詞作定語有兩種形式:兩天的假期atwo-dayholiday或twodays’holiday非常鐘的路程aten-minuteride或tenminutes’ride考點二不行數名詞1.不行數名詞沒有復數形式,前面不能用不定冠詞a/an修飾,但可用much,alotof/lotsof,plentyof,some,lit-tle,alittle等修飾。作主語時謂語動詞用單數形式。Thereissometeainthecup.茶杯里有些茶。2.不行數名詞還常用“數詞/不定冠詞+量詞+of+不行數名詞”來表示不行數名詞的量。apieceofpaper一張紙,twocupsoftea兩杯茶,aglassofwater一玻璃杯水,threebottlesofpop三瓶汽水。作主語時,謂語動詞的數取決于of前面的量詞的數。Therearethreeglassesoforangejuiceonthetable.桌子上有三杯橙汁。考點三名詞全部格1.’s全部格狀況方法例子單數名詞加’smyfriend’suncle我摯友的叔叔以s結尾的復數名詞加’Teachers’Day老師節不以s結尾的復數名詞加’sChildren'sDay兒童節表示兩人共有在最終一個名詞后加’sLucyandLily'smother露西和莉莉的媽媽表示各自全部在各個名詞后加’sLucy’sandLily’srooms露西的房間和莉莉的房間2.of全部格主要用于表示無生命事物的全部關系。thenameofthefilm電影的名字thecoverofthebook書的封面3.雙重全部格“名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞全部格”構成雙重全部格形式。afriendofhers她的一個摯友afriendofMike's邁克的一個摯友考點四專出名詞專出名詞是指人、地方、團體、機構等特有的名稱。它的第一個字母必需大寫。專出名詞前一般不加冠詞。1.表示人名、尊稱和頭銜的專出名詞Einstein愛因斯坦PresidentObama奧巴馬總統DoctorLin林博士/林醫生QueenElizabethII伊利莎白女王二世MrBrown布朗先生留意:人名的前面若有尊稱或頭銜,如Mr(先生),President(總統)等時,其第一個字母也要大寫。2.表示國名、地名、山河名的專出名詞Korea韓國Paris巴黎PacificOcean太平洋Mississippi密西西比河Mt.Qomolangma珠穆朗瑪峰3.表示團體、機構和報刊的專出名詞MuseumofPostalHistory郵政博物館ChinaDaily中國日報SydneyOperaHouse悉尼歌劇院HarvardUniversity哈佛高校4.表示星期、月份和節日的專出名詞Monday星期一March三月NationalDay國慶節5.由一般名詞構成的專出名詞theNorthPole北極theRiverNile尼羅河theForbiddenCity紫禁城theBund上海外灘theGreatWall長城theTempleofHeaven天壇theWhiteHouse白宮theTerracottaWarriors兵馬俑thePeople’sRepublicofChina中華人民共和國留意:上面列舉的由一般名詞構成的專出名詞前要用定冠詞“the”,但它的首字母不大寫。鞏固訓練（夯實基礎）一、單項選擇()1.—MayIhelpyou?—Yes,I'dliketohave20____.Ineedthemtodrawpictures.A.pieceofpaper B.piecesofpaperC.piecesofpapers D.pieceofpapers()2.—Howdoestheoldmanmakea___onthefarm?—Heraisesmany.A.life;duck B.living;horseC.life;bird D.living;sheep()3.—CanIhelpyou?—I'dlike____fortwindaughters.A.twopairofshoes B.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoe D.twopairsofshoes()4.—Kate,what'sinthebigbowl?—Afew_____andalittle.A.pear;water B.pears;watersC.pear;waters D.pears;water()5.—Thetwocitieshavereachedan____todevelopscienceandtechnology.—That'sgreat!A.educationB.excitement C.agreementD.invitation()6.—Look,myshirtisthesameasyour____.—Soitis.A.brother B.sisters C.brothers D.brother's()7.Recentlypeoplecaremoreaboutthesafetyof____.Everyonewantstoeathealthily.A.foods B.clothes C.buildings D.water()8.Inourschool,thenumberofwomenteachers____becominglargerandlarger.A.is B.are C.be D.been()9.—Therearetwenty____inourschool.—Yes,andtheyworkveryhard.A.manteacher B.manteachers C.menteachers D.menteacher()10.—Isawlotsof_____inthehall.—Andtherewereseveral_____init,too.A.American;Japanese B.Americans;JapaneseC.American;Japaneses D.Americans;Japaneses二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.Weplayeda