2025屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：經(jīng)典好題專項（閱讀理解+讀后續(xù)寫）練習(xí)

I.閱讀理解

A

2024?浙江1月，D議論文310詞★★★☆☆

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleft

aloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetween

anabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugary

treats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdoto

preschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe*vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyears

ago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthat

weknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轟炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood“inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischeFstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.

B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.

D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

B

2024?浙江1月，B記敘文329詞★★★☆☆

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall-not

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsome

throwsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit_seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephone

boxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactors

arrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa

“minicommunitylibrary^^：anypasser-bycan“borrow“abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,

orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe"library“opened,Ididn*tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatablepricepointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndPvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformy

wifetorescueme.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

6.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.

B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.

D.Toholdanaudition.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”?

Altprovidesphoneserviceforfree.

B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.

D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

8.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe"library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

n.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

[2024-九省聯(lián)考]Lastsummer,Hildaworkedasavolunteerwithdolphintrainersatasealife

park.Herjobwastomakesurethetankswerefreeofanyitemssothatthetrainerscouldtrainthe

dolphinstofetchspecificitems.However,onedayaftercleaning,oneofthedolphins,Maya,

presentedHildawithacandywrapperfromthetank.WhenKatherine,thetrainer,sawthis,she

blamedHildaforhercarelessness.Upsetbutnotdiscouragedbythisevent,Hildadecidedtodo

somespyingonMaya.

Thenextmorning,Hildaarrivedattheparkearly.Sheputonherscubagear（水下呼吸器）

andjumpedintothetankforherusual,underwatersweep.Findingnothinginthetank,she

climbedoutofthewaterjustintimetoseeKatherinejumpinginontheotherside.Afterwhat

happenedyesterday,Hildaknewwhatshewasdoing.ShewatchedasKatherineperformedher

underwatersearch,butHildawasn'tsurprisedwhenshesurfacedempty-handed.

Duringthetanksweeps,Mayahadbeenswimmingplayfully,butnowthedolphinstopped

suddenlyandswamtothebackpartofthetankwherethefilter（過濾）boxwaslocated.Shestuck

hernosedownbehindtheboxandthenswamaway.WhatwasMayadoingbackthere?Hilda

wondered.Shejumpedbackintothewaterandswamovertotakealookbehindthebox,andher

questionwasanswered.HildathenswamacrossthetankfollowingMaya*spathandemergedfrom

thewatertofindKatherineremovingherscubagear.AsKatherineturnedaround,hermouth

droppedopen.TherewasMayaattheedgeofthetankwithacomb（梳子）inhermouthwaiting

forhertreat.

“Maya!Wheredidyougetthat?”demandedKatherine,takingthecombandthrowing

herafish."Iknowwhereshegotit,“declaredHildaclimbingoutofthetankwithahandfulof

itemsstillwetfromtheirwatery,restingplace."What'sallthis?”Katherineasked,obviously

confused.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

“ThisisMaya*ssecret,“Hildasaidwithabigsmile.

NowKatherinerealizedwhathadbeengoingon.

Onepossibleversion：

“ThisisMaya'ssecret,“Hildasaidwithabigsmile.(6Thetruthofthematter,“Hilda

continued,atisthatMayahasbeensecretlycollectingitemsfromthetank,hidingthemnearthe

filterinthebackofthetank.Whenyoutrainher,shewillgiveyousomeitemssothatshecanget

treatsfromyou.^^“Really?Howdoyouknowthat?”Katherineaskedinsurprise.Hilda

laughedandreplied,6tIttookmealongtimetodiscoverthissecret,too.Ifsnoteasytofollow

Maya.”

NowKatherinerealizedwhathadbeengoingon.Katherinethoughttoherself,thisisreallya

cleverdolphin.AndshesaidtoHilda,tuWell,Mayalovestreats,sowellworktogether,andyou'll

secretlyhelphercollectafewthingsandputtheminthefilteratthebackofthetank.Pllgiveher

treats,thenumberofwhichIcanincrease.^^Hildareplied,t4Goodidea,let*sdoit."Fromthenon,

theSeaLifeParkisfullofwarmthandharmony.Maya*sperformanceinfrontoftheaudienceis

gettingbetterandbetter.

參考答案

I.閱讀理解

A

2024?浙江1月，D議論文310詞★★★☆☆

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleft

aloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetween

anabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugary

treats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdoto

preschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingof

rewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe*vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyears

ago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthat

weknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轟炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfbod“inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

語篇類型：議論文主題語境：人與自我一一做人與做事一一兒童棉花糖實驗的啟示

【語篇解讀】文章通過20世紀(jì)60年代一項針對孩子的棉花糖實驗引出作者觀點(diǎn)

身處網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代，我們每天都受到大量信息的誘惑，要學(xué)會做有選擇的信息消費(fèi)者。

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischeFstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.

B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

答案解析：D理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段對Mischel的棉花糖實驗的介紹中的“Each

childwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecond

treat”可知，孩子們?nèi)绻却?5分鐘再吃糖，就會得到第二份獎勵，故選D項。

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

答案解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)題干中“mismatch”這一關(guān)鍵詞將答案定位在第三段

的最后一句話“Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostand

effortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,

andthismismatchisattheheart...weshouldnleat”。由此句可知，我們獲取熱量所需付出的成

本和努力大大減少，也就是說現(xiàn)在我們能夠輕易獲取充足的食物了，但是我們的大腦仍然和

數(shù)千年前一樣，因此這兩者之間是不匹配的，故選C項。A項“熱量匱乏的世界和我們的

好胃口”；B項“糖分的缺乏和我們的營養(yǎng)需求”；C項“充足的食物供應(yīng)和我們一成不變

的大腦”；D項“誘人的食物和我們?yōu)楸３纸】邓龅呐Α薄?/p>

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.

D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

答案解析：B推斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的uTherefore...wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful

aboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental'junkfood5inorderto

manageourtimemosteffectively”可知，作者建議我們要謹(jǐn)慎地對待信息消費(fèi)，抵制那些對

我們的精神健康有害的信息誘惑，以達(dá)到高效管理時間的目的。因此可推斷出，作者建議讀

者要做有選擇的信息消費(fèi)者，故選B項。A項“欣然接受新信息”；C項“使用多樣化的

信息源”；D項“保護(hù)信息環(huán)境”。

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

答案解析：D理解文章主旨要義。本文圍繞棉花糖實驗展開，從最初針對幼兒園孩子

的測試引入，說明棉花糖對孩子的影響，再類比到成人身上，闡述了在充斥著各類信息的信

息大環(huán)境下，我們成年人也應(yīng)該要學(xué)會抵制不良信息帶來的誘惑，做一個有選擇的信息消費(fèi)

者，因此文章重點(diǎn)介紹了成人面臨的“棉花糖實驗”，故選D項。

B

2024?浙江1月,B記敘文329詞★★★☆☆

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall-not

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsome

throwsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit_seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephone

boxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactors

arrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa

“minicommunitylibrary^^：anypasser-bycan“borrow“abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,

orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“l(fā)ibrary“opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatablepricepointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndPvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformy

wifetorescueme.

語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——社會進(jìn)步——電話亭的變遷

【語篇解讀】作者回憶了自己最后一次使用電話亭的經(jīng)歷，并發(fā)現(xiàn)家附近最后一個電

話亭被改造成了“迷你社區(qū)圖書館”，這為社區(qū)提供了新的價值。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

答案解析：B理解詞匯。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iwasconductingauditions（試演）formyplay

inmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon”和“Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandles

tomakeitseemabitmore'youngprofessional'”可推斷出，作者是在合租房里安排試演，

為了給一些有天賦的演員留下深刻印象而將合租房布置了一番，故選B項。

6.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.

B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.

D.Toholdanaudition.

答案解析：A推斷。根據(jù)題干信息將答案定位在第一、二段。第二段提到作者被鎖在

了門外，但是幸運(yùn)的是"therewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet”,因此作者打電話拿到了備

用鑰匙，才得以及時趕回家。由此可推斷出，在2006年作者使用電話亭是為了撥打緊急電

話，故選A項。

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthe"minicommunitylibrary”?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.

B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.

D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

答案解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)題干中的“minicommunitylibrary”將答案鎖定在第

三段。由該段中的"a'minicommunitylibraryJ:anypasser-bycan...orreplaceitwith

anothertitlefromtheirowncollection^可知，任何路過的人都能用自己的另一本藏書來替換

其中的一本書，也就是說任何人都可以為這個圖書館的藏書做出貢獻(xiàn)，故選B項。A項“它

提供免費(fèi)電話服務(wù)”；C項“它在年輕讀者中受歡迎”；D項“一個月之內(nèi)必須歸還圖書”。

8.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe“l(fā)ibrary”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplacefbrreading.

答案解析：c理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段可知，作者一開始認(rèn)為這個“圖書館”里都

是一些庸俗的愛情故事書，但后來卻注意到那里有各種主題的大部頭書，而且這些書都是免

費(fèi)的。這個無與倫比的價格點(diǎn)鼓勵作者嘗試許多自己通常不會考慮購買的書，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)了一

些很棒的書。由此可知，作者因為發(fā)現(xiàn)那里有免費(fèi)的好書，才轉(zhuǎn)變之前的想法，開始使用這

個“圖書館”。故選C項。

II.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

[2024-九省聯(lián)考]Lastsummer,Hildaworkedasavolunteerwithdolphintrainersatasealife

park.Herjobwastomakesurethetankswerefreeofanyitemssothatthetrainerscouldtrainthe

dolphinstofetchspecificitems.However,onedayaftercleaning,oneofthedolphins,Maya,

presentedHildawithacandywrapperfromthetank.WhenKatherine,thetrainer,sawthis,she

blamedHildafbrhercarelessness.Upsetbutnotdiscouragedbythisevent,Hildadecidedtodo

somespyingonMaya.

Thenextmorning,Hildaarrivedattheparkearly.Sheputonherscubagear（水下呼吸器）

andjumpedintothetankforherusual,underwatersweep.Findingnothinginthetank,she

climbedoutofthewaterjustintimetoseeKatherinejumpinginontheotherside.Afterwhat

happenedyesterday,Hildaknewwhatshewasdoing.ShewatchedasKatherineperformedher

underwatersearch,butHildawasn'tsurprisedwhenshesurfacedempty-handed.

Duringthetanksweeps,Mayahadbeenswimmingpla