目錄

前言.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................I

總說明......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................II

編寫委員會.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................IV

編制依據..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................V

目錄.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................IX

第一篇施工現場安全文明管理基礎篇.........................................................................................................................................................................1

（一）安全標志、標識..........................................................................................................................................................................................2

（二）個體安全防護用具....................................................................................................................................................................................16

（三）安全防護設施............................................................................................................................................................................................23

（四）辦公區、生活區管理................................................................................................................................................................................29

（五）綠色施工管理............................................................................................................................................................................................36

（六）消防安全管理............................................................................................................................................................................................46

1.6.1施工現場消防布置....................................................................................................................................................................................46

1.6.2消防設施器材............................................................................................................................................................................................49

1.6.3施工現場用火、用氣管理........................................................................................................................................................................52

1.6.4消防安全應急管理....................................................................................................................................................................................55

IX

第二篇施工現場安全文明管理專項篇.......................................................................................................................................................................56

（一）施工臨時用電管理....................................................................................................................................................................................57

2.1.1外電線路及電氣設備防護........................................................................................................................................................................57

2.1.2接地與接零保護系統................................................................................................................................................................................59

2.1.3配電室與自備電源....................................................................................................................................................................................62

2.1.4配電箱、開關箱........................................................................................................................................................................................64

2.1.5配電線路....................................................................................................................................................................................................67

2.1.6施工照明....................................................................................................................................................................................................68

（二）施工腳手架安全管理................................................................................................................................................................................70

2.2.1架體搭設材料驗收與檢查........................................................................................................................................................................70

2.2.2架體基礎要求............................................................................................................................................................................................72

2.2.3架體構造要求............................................................................................................................................................................................73

2.2.4架體作業層防護專項措施........................................................................................................................................................................79

2.2.5架體搭拆過程管控....................................................................................................................................................................................81

（三）模板工程....................................................................................................................................................................................................83

2.3.1模板材料選用............................................................................................................................................................................................83

2.3.2模板支撐架安裝........................................................................................................................................................................................85

2.3.3模板存放....................................................................................................................................................................................................88

2.3.4模架安全管理............................................................................................................................................................................................89

（四）起重吊裝安全管理....................................................................................................................................................................................92

X

2.4.1特種設備和特種作業人員管理................................................................................................................................................................92

2.4.2塔式起重機安全管理................................................................................................................................................................................93

2.4.3龍門吊、橋式起重機及電動葫蘆安全管理..........................................................................................................................................100

2.4.4移動式起重機械安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................104

2.4.5起重吊裝專項安全管理..........................................................................................................................................................................107

（五）施工機具安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................................112

2.5.1鋼筋加工機械..........................................................................................................................................................................................112

2.5.2木工加工機械..........................................................................................................................................................................................114

2.5.3手持電動施工機具..................................................................................................................................................................................116

2.5.4電焊機......................................................................................................................................................................................................118

（六）深基坑、邊坡工程..................................................................................................................................................................................120

2.6.1地下水控制措施......................................................................................................................................................................................120

2.6.2基坑支護..................................................................................................................................................................................................121

2.6.3土方開挖..................................................................................................................................................................................................123

2.6.4專項安全防護措施..................................................................................................................................................................................126

2.6.5現場視頻監控和施工監測......................................................................................................................................................................127

2.6.6應急管理..................................................................................................................................................................................................129

（七）有限空間管理..........................................................................................................................................................................................130

（八）圍堰工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................138

2.8.1圍堰結構選型設計..................................................................................................................................................................................138

XI

2.8.2圍堰工程安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................................139

（九）暗挖工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................140

2.9.1地面材料堆放與安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................140

2.9.2豎井口及豎井通道安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................141

2.9.3隧道內安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................................142

2.9.4場內運輸工具專項要求..........................................................................................................................................................................143

2.9.5現場視頻監控和施工監測......................................................................................................................................................................144

2.9.6暗挖工程應急管理..................................................................................................................................................................................145

（十）盾構工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................146

2.10.1地面材料堆放與安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................146

2.10.2盾構施工管理..........................................................................................................................................................................................147

2.10.3隧道內安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................................149

2.10.4場內運輸工具專項要求..........................................................................................................................................................................152

2.10.5現場監控和施工監測..............................................................................................................................................................................153

（十一）防洪度汛..................................................................................................................................................................................................155

2.11.1汛期前應急能力建設..............................................................................................................................................................................155

2.11.2應汛安全措施..........................................................................................................................................................................................157

（十二）水上水下作業..........................................................................................................................................................................................158

（十三）爆破作業..................................................................................................................................................................................................162

（十四）金屬結構和機電安裝..............................................................................................................................................................................165

XII

（十五）農村治污工程..........................................................................................................................................................................................168

第三篇智慧工地創建提升篇.....................................................................................................................................................................................171

（一）體驗式安全教育......................................................................................................................................................................................172

（二）智能設備..................................................................................................................................................................................................174

（三）物聯網技術應用......................................................................................................................................................................................176

第四篇施工現場安全隱患辨識篇.............................................................................................................................................................................182

（一）臨時工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................183

4.1.1營地及施工設施建設..............................................................................................................................................................................183

4.1.2臨時設施..................................................................................................................................................................................................184

（二）施工用電..................................................................................................................................................................................................185

4.2.1外電線路及電氣設備防護......................................................................................................................................................................185

4.2.2接地與接零保護系統..............................................................................................................................................................................186

4.2.3配電箱、開關箱......................................................................................................................................................................................189

4.2.4施工照明..................................................................................................................................................................................................190

（三）腳手架......................................................................................................................................................................................................191

4.3.1立桿基礎承載力......................................................................................................................................................................................191

4.3.2連墻件......................................................................................................................................................................................................192

（四）起重吊裝與運輸......................................................................................................................................................................................193

4.4.1安全、保險裝置......................................................................................................................................................................................193

（五）高邊坡、土方開挖..................................................................................................................................................................................195

XIII

4.5.1支護結構、土方開挖..............................................................................................................................................................................195

4.5.2溝槽開挖及堆載......................................................................................................................................................................................196

（六）隧洞施工、地下工程..............................................................................................................................................................................197

4.6.1初期支護..................................................................................................................................................................................................197

4.6.2暗挖通風..................................................................................................................................................................................................198

（七）安全防護..................................................................................................................................................................................................199

4.7.1交叉作業防護..........................................................................................................................................................................................199

4.7.2個人防護用品..........................................................................................................................................................................................200

第五篇施工現場安全生產事故警示篇.....................................................................................................................................................................201

（一）中毒和窒息事故......................................................................................................................................................................................202

5.1.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................202

5.1.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................202

（二）坍塌事故..................................................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.2腳手架及模板垮塌事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.3基坑、溝槽開挖坍塌事故案例..............................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.4隧洞坍塌事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................205

（三）高處墜落事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................207

5.3.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................207

5.3.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................207

XIV

（四）物體打擊事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................209

5.4.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................209

5.4.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................209

（五）起重傷害事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................211

5.5.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................211

5.5.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................211

（六）觸電事故..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

5.6.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

5.6.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

XV

第一篇施工現場安全文明管理基礎篇